PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Kratochvíl

Publications and source records attributed to S Kratochvíl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Types of sexual arousal in women during heterosexual activity].

Drawing of typical personal curve of the level of excitement before, during and after intercourse was used as a part of a questionnaire for the investigation of female sexuality. The respondents were encouraged by the instructions to draw also a second, alternative curve, if they wished. Drawings obtained from 200 female neurotics and 100 female health professionals and counselors were analyzed. They showed a large variability. We divided them into six types. Curves with gradual increase of the excitement up to one climax with following gradual decrease were most frequent in both samples (in 56% neurotics and 48% of health professionals). Curves with more than one climax (multiorgasmic) were on th second place in frequency in health professionals (19% typical plus 8% alternative), while curves without climax (anorgasmic) were more frequent in neurotic females (19% plus 9%). Curves with a pronounced plateau phase, curves with some oscillations of the excitement, and curves with noncoital climax (before or and after intercourse) followed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Eclectic, synthetic and integrative psychotherapy].

Eclectic psychotherapy selects convenient techniques from various approaches. Synthetic psychotherapy combines various approaches both technically and theoretically. Integrative psychotherapy aims at putting diverse theoretical systems together under a system, which would be superordinated or metatheoretical. Following partial integrative hypotheses are stressed: 1. common factors are responsible for the effect of all important pure-form therapies, 2. different factors in diverse therapies have the same final effect, 3. different factors influence specifically certain symptoms, certain problems and certain patients. Following contemporary eclectic-integrative systems are seen as most influential: Lazarus's multimodal therapy. Beutler's systematic eclectic psychotherapy, Hart's functional eclectic therapy, Prochaska's transtheoretical approach, Garfield's eclectic approach, Driscoll's pragmatic therapy and Knobloch's integrated psychotherapy. Satisfactory integration still remains a goal to be achieved. Differentiation is viewed as an important part of the integration. It should offer to each patient specifically what he needs according to his symptoms, problems and personality.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

[Orgasmic expulsions in women].

Orgasm is in some women accompanied by the release of fluid from the external genitalia. This fluid can sometimes eject under pressure and thus resemble male ejaculation. It may presumably originate in the vagina, in the bladder (orgastic urination) or in the paraurethral (Skene's) glands, labeled by some authors as the female prostate. Analysis of the fluid samples showed it to be urine, secretion of Skene's glands or a mixture of both. The relationship of these expulsions to the stimulation of the vaginal G spot has been reported. Zaviacic et al. (1988) established in female volunteers undergoing digital stimulation of the G spot that in some women there is no expulsion, in some there is expulsion accompanied by orgasm and in some expulsions occur easily without orgasm or even without sexual arousal. Our own findings are based on the use of the sexological questionnaire SGZ, which contains items concerning the occurrence of "release of fluid" during orgasm or of "expulsion of fluid, similarly as in male ejaculation". We obtained data from 200 women treated for the neurosis and from 100 female health professionals and counselors. Organistic expulsions resembling male ejaculation were reported in 6% of both samples. Additional 13% had at least some experience with such expulsions. Release of fluid without ejaculation was reported by approximately 60% of females in both samples. We consider "female ejaculation" to be a rare phenomenon, which nevertheless deserves attention in sexological consultations. It should not cause feelings of shame, but should be accepted as a normal part of female sexual reaction.

Exocrine Glands↗
PubMed1994

[Vaginal contractions in female orgasm].

Masters and Johnson (1966) described 3-15 rhythmic contractions of the orgasmic platform in the outer third of the vagina as the physiological basic of female orgasm. Bohlen et al. (1982) in a more recent research registered in some subjects during "long orgasms" up to 34 additional irregular pelvic contractions. In some subjects no contractions occurred during their orgastic experience. Our own findings are based on Czech sexological questionnaires SGZ and SFZ/K, which include questions asking about subjective experience of vaginal contractions or pulsation during orgasm. In a sample of 200 women treated for neurotic disorders, about 60% reported such contractions or pulsations. In a sample of 100 female health professionals and counselors, contractions were reported in 80%. Contractions seem to frequently accompany subjective experience of female orgasm, but are not its necessary condition. Some women experience their orgasm regularly without contractions and some report having contractions during orgasm only occasionally.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Multiple orgasms in women].

Two hundred women treated for neurotic disorders and 100 female health professionals and counselors were investigated by means of a questionnaire to establish, whether they can have two or more consecutive orgasms. Multiple orgasms were reported to occur mostly or often in 14% of neurotics and in 39% of the health professionals. Our results in female neurotics are in agreement with the classical data of Kinsey et al. (1953) and with the recent data of Hubalek (1986), who investigated 121 women presenting for suspected sterility. Our results in health professionals and counselors are close to the data of Darling et al. (1991) in a sample of 805 American female nurses. It seems that capacity for multiorgasmic experience in women is higher than was generally acknowledged previously. It is possible that nurses, medical doctors and psychologists use their better knowledge of sexuality in their sexual activities to obtain more effective stimulation for fuller use of their sexual capacity.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[The duration of female orgasm].

Short orgasm lasting from 3 to 15 second was for a long time viewed as the only regularly occurring type of female orgastic experience. Bohlen et al. (1992) and other authors demonstrated in physiological experiments the occurrence of a longer female orgasm of the duration between 20 seconds and 2 minutes. Hubalek and Raboch (1984) found in structured interviews with marital couples that such long female orgasms were not exceptional. About 40% of 121 women estimated the duration of their orgasm to be 30 to 60 seconds or even longer, mostly in agreement with independent estimates of their husbands. Our own findings are based on our sexuological inventory SGZ, which contains one open question concerning the duration of respondent's orgasm. In a sample of 200 women treated for neurosis 37% reported long orgasm, 37% short orgasm and 26% did not answer the question. In a sample of 100 female health professionals and counselors, 48% experienced predominantly long orgasm and 44% short ones (8% did not answer). Our data confirm relatively frequent occurrence of long orgasm in females.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Sexual stimulation and the female orgasm].

Questionnaire data regarding mode of sexual stimulation were collected in 200 women treated for neurotic disorders and 100 female health professionals and counselors. Clitoral stimulation was the source of female orgasm in 90% of subjects, while three quarters achieved orgasm also by means of vaginal stimulation. The anterior wall of the vagina seemed to be slightly more important than the posterior one. One third of the respondents reported effective stimulation in the depth of the vagina with cervical tapping. Stimulation in the area corresponding to the alleged G spot was acknowledged as effective by 10 to 20%. The sexual responsiveness of neurotic patients was generally somewhat lower than responsiveness of health professionals and counselors.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Further results of a 6-week period of treatment of neuroses in a therapeutic community].

Comparison of results referring to 1971-74 in 630 patients with those from 1976-82 in 1,211 patients confirmed that according to the evaluation of therapists the immediate substantial symptomatic improvement still varies near 60%. In the evaluation of insight and changes in attitudes and behaviour a for obscure reason decline was recorder. The evaluation of the symptomatic effect by patients one year after terminated treatment increased from 42 to 49%. Comparison of the immediate evaluation by therapists with the immediate evaluation by patients revealed that therapists had a slight tendency to overestimate symptomatic improvement while patients constantly and considerably overestimate the therapeutic results in the sphere of insight and changes of attitudes and behaviour. Comparison of the immediate effect with a one-year follow-up, using rating scales filled in by the patients, confirmed a satisfactory stability of the effect. Approximately half the patients improved substantially one year after treatment.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of the development of the group on the therapeutic effect].

The authors compared the results of six-week treatment in a therapeutic community comprising 484 patients who had therapy in groups which were classified as "good" by their therapists, and 91 patients having therapy in groups, classified by the therapists as "poor". No significant difference was found in the two groups as regards mitigation of symptoms, insight, change of attitudes and behavior at the time of completion of treatment and after an interval of one year. Effective factors of group psychotherapy obviously are equally effective also in groups with which the therapists are not satisfied.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Results with the therapeutic community for neurotic patients].

Of 1,343 neurotic patients who completed six-week courses of treatment in a therapeutic community, 60% were considered by the therapists to have improved greatly in terms of symptoms, 36% in terms of insight and 35% in terms of attitude and behaviour. Follow-up examination using questionnaires one year after treatment showed considerable improvement in symptoms in 45%, in insight in 62% and in attitude and behaviour in 49% of the cases; 16% of the cases failed to return the questionnaire. If slight improvements are included, the proportion of patients showing improvement varies between 82 and 92% upon completion of treatment and between 70 and 80% one year later.

Adult↗