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Biomedical subjects

S Kullander

Publications and source records attributed to S Kullander.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Exposure to drugs and other possibly harmful factors during the first trimester of pregnancy. Comparison of two prospective studies performed in Sweden 10 years apart.

474 women in mid-pregnancy, interviewed at ten different hospitals in Sweden, were questioned on a number of social and medical items: e.g., drug use, contraceptive technique used before pregnancy, exposure to possibly deleterious factors in the environment. The study, compared with a similar study made ten years earlier in Sweden, showed little or no difference in the use of iron and/or vitamin preparations, analgesic drugs, antibiotics, or endocrine drugs; but a drastic reduction is noted in the use of psychotropic drugs and of antihistaminic drugs. A marked decrease in frequency of first trimester X-ray exposures can be found, but no marked changes in smoking habits. Appr. 18% of the women used contraceptive pills within 6 months of becoming pregnant---3 had used them during early pregnancy. About 4% (18 women) had used IUD---one became pregnant with a Cu-UID (intra-uterine device inpregnated with copper).This type of study can provide some information on the prevalence of relatively common factors, but it must be considerably extended in order to permit an analysis of rare events, e.g., use of most drugs.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1976

Effect of cortisone and acth on the phospholipids of human amniotic fluid and lung tissue in early gestation.

Fifteen physically healthy women who received permission for legal abortion on sociomedical grounds in the second trimester of pregnancy were given either cortisone acetate per os or adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) intramuscularyly for 3 days previous to hysterotomy. Eight other patients served as controls. The phospholipid composition of amniotic fluid, fetal lung washings, and lung tissue was analyzed. In the cortisone group there was a significant increase in the proportion of palmitic acid in the lung tissue lecithins linked to a corresponding decrease in the oleic acid. A similar tendency was observed in the ACTH group, but the changes were not significant. The investigation suggests that the human fetal lung already at this early stage of development is capable of responding to the action of cortisone by a relative increase in the synthesis of dipalmitoyllecithin.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1976

Effect of 2 br-alpha-ergocryptin (CB 154) on serum prolactin and the clinical picture in a case of progressive gigantomastia in pregnancy.

A 24 year old woman who had epilepsy since the age of 7 years and who was still using antiepileptics, developed an excessive mamary growth (gigantomastia) during pregnancy. Treatment with CB 154 (Sandoz), 2 Br-alpha-ergocryptin in a dose of 2.5 mg three times a day from the 27th week of pregnancy, resulted in prompt improvement with a corresponding decrease in the plasma prolactin, return of the breast temperature to normal, and disappearance of the EEG-abnormalities. After parturition and subsequent mammoplasty the woman soon became pregant again. During this pregnancy, which terminated in the birth of a normal child, treatment with CB 154 was started early and continued throughout pregnancy with success and without side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

On some late effects of bilateral oophorectomy in the age range 15-30 years.

Between 1910 and 1940, 146 young females, aged 15-30 years, underwent bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy as part of a radical operation for salpingo-oophoritis. These women or their records were reviewed in 1971. 42 women had died in the meantime. More than half (22) of them had died from cardiovascular diseases, 5 from carcinoma of the uterus and 4 had committed suicide. None had died from carcinoma of the breast. Of 68 who were still alive, information by questionnaire was obtained and 32 were admitted to hospital for extensive examination. 32 age-matched women to be operated on for prolapse but with no other known disease of the reproductive tract served as controls. A further control group was added as 11 of the 68 were found to have menstruated again after the operation which had evidently not completely removed the gonads. Complete oophorectomy was found to have been followed by: (a) an increased incidence of cardiac symptoms and nervous diseases as well as an increased use of drugs; (b) a significant increase in the frequency of coronary vascular diseases in ages up to 70 years; (c) an increase in the serum cholesterol and triglycerides, most significantly in the ages below 60-65 years. Women with symptomatic coronary disease had a higher serum cholesterol level than women without and women with signs of peripheral vascular diseases had a significantly higher concentration of serum triglycerides; (d) an increased frequency of fractures (radius and femoral neck), increased osteoporosis and thinner cortical bone. The brittleness of the skeleton was correlated with low excretion of oestrogens in the urine. No vertebral compression or abnormal decrease in height was observed. (e) an increased adrenocortical activity with significantly increased excretion of 17-ketosteroids, 17-OH-ketosteroids and low polar total oestrogens. This activity abated in women above 65 years. (f) a traumatic psychological experience of the accompanying sterility while sexuality seemed to be largely unaffected in many of them. Almost half of the women examined by the psychiatrist were unusually mentally active and agile and they had a lower excretion of estriol than the rest.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

On round-headed human spermatozoa.

In an infertile man and his only, likewise infertile, brother the sperm contained only round-headed spermatozoa. Electron microscopic examination of embedded ejaculate revealed a malformation, viz. absence of acrosomes in all the spermatozoa with consequent lack of normal development of the heads of the spermatozoa. Acrosomeless spermatozoa were also found in the testicular tubuli. No disturbance of the endocrine functions could be demonstrated. The blood cells were of normal male karyotype. Investigation of meiosis, on the other hand, showed rudimentary second division. Two other unrelated infertile men showed the same isolated disturbance in their spermiogram. Treatment with chlomiphene had no effect on the structure of the spermatozoa or on the infertility. The rare disorder, which seems to be a special syndrome, the first hitherto distinguishable among the various types of teratospermia, and its probable background are discussed.

Acrosome↗