PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Kusaka

Publications and source records attributed to S Kusaka.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Helicobacter pylori has an ulcerogenic action in the ischemic stomach of rats.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is now accepted as an important cause of chronic active gastritis. There also seems to be an association between the colonization of H. pylori in the gastric mucosa and peptic ulceration. However, it has not demonstrated that the instillation of H. pylori into the stomach produces the ulcerative gastric lesions in animals or humans. We carried out an experiment to study whether or not H. pylori has an ulcerogenic action in the ischemic stomach of rats, using an ex vivo gastric chamber. The rat stomachs were exposed to 1 ml of H. pylori solution (200 IU of urease/ml) and 1 ml of urea (400 mg/dl) for 60 min after the creation of ischemia in the stomach (by withdrawal of 3 ml of blood). The exposure of the stomach to both H. pylori and urea resulted in severe hemorrhagic gastric mucosal lesions with a marked decrease in potential difference (PD) with a concomitant increase in ammonia concentration in rats with ischemia, whereas gastric lesions and a fall in PD were hardly observed in rats without ischemia. These results have demonstrated that H. pylori has an ulcerogenic action on the stomach subjected to mucosal ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Renal transplantation from HLA-haploidentical living-related donors: the effects of donor-specific blood transfusions and different immunosuppressive regimens.

One-hundred-nine HLA-haploidentical living related renal transplants have been retrospectively analysed to compare the effect of donor-specific blood transfusion (DST) and different immunosuppressive regimens on graft survival and acute rejection. The recipients were divided into four groups according to the immunosuppressive therapy. Group 1 (n = 44): conventional therapy with posttransplant azathioprine (AZP) + methylprednisolone (MP). Group 2 (n = 25): pretransplant DST + posttransplant AZP + MP. Group 3 (n = 12): triple-drug therapy with posttransplant AZP + MP + cyclosporine (CS). Group 4 (n = 25): pretransplant DST + posttransplant AZP + MP + CS. The five-year actuarial survival rates for groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 48%, 73%, 79%, and 89%, respectively. The graft survival rate in group 3 was significantly (p less than 0.01) better than that in group 1. The transfusion effect was reduced, and appears as a 10% improvement in the graft survival in the cyclosporin era compared with a 25% improvement at pre-cyclosporin era. Furthermore, the incidence of the first rejection episode was decreased in recipients that received DST. The present study revealed that DST, as pretransplant conditioning has a definite impact on rejection-free long-term graft survival in HLA-haploidentical living-related kidney recipients and the most favorable outcome in such patients could be achieved by DST pretreatment in conjunction with posttransplant triple-drug therapy including cyclosporine.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1992

The impact of triple drug immunosuppression on clinical results of cadaveric kidney transplantation: a comparison of conventional immunosuppression.

A retrospective study was carried out in 110 cadaveric kidney transplant recipients to compare the effects of low doses of cyclosporine (CsA), azathioprine (AZP) and steroids (triple-drug therapy) with those of higher doses of steroids plus AZP (conventional immunosuppression). Graft survival rate in the triple-drug therapy was 77%, 69%, and 69% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. This was significantly better than 48%, 34%, and 29% in conventional immunosuppression. The incidence of acute rejection episodes was significantly lower in the triple-drug therapy than in conventional immunosuppression (25% vs 58%). In conclusion, our study shows that triple-drug therapy using low-dose cyclosporine is the safest of the immunosuppressive regimens and provides a beneficial effect on the long-term survival of cadaveric kidney transplants.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with prominent cardiac metastasis, accompanied by a marked leukocytosis with a neutrophilia and high GM-CSF level in serum.

Cardiac metastasis of thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare. We treated a case of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with prominent cardiac metastasis. The 61-year-old male was admitted because of high fever. Investigations revealed a cardiac mass and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Resection of the cardiac mass revealed that it was metastasis from the thyroid carcinoma. After 4 months, he died in spite of intensive therapy. Marked leukocytosis was observed during the clinical course, and a concomitant increase of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) level was demonstrated in the sera. It was suggested that the high GM-CSF level in serum contributed to leukocytosis.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Expression of the interleukin 2 receptor beta chain (p75) in renal transplantation--applicability of anti-interleukin-2 receptor beta chain monoclonal antibody.

The interaction of interleukin 2 with specific cellular receptors plays an essential role in the allostimulated proliferation and differentiation of T cells. Recent chemical linking studies have demonstrated that the human high-affinity IL-2 receptor is a membrane complex composed of at least two distinct subunits, which are the p55 (alpha-chain) and p75 (beta-chain) subunits. The IL-2R beta chain is supposed to play a role in the signal transduction of IL-2, but the exact mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of a newly established anti-IL-2R beta chain monoclonal antibody (MoAb, TU-27) on the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) using the cell-mediated lympholysis (CML) assay. TU-27 in combination with H-31, a MoAb directed against the IL-2R alpha chain, produced inhibition of cytotoxicity, while TU-27 alone could not inhibit cytotoxicity, while TU-27 alone could not inhibit cytotoxicity at any concentration. TU-27 plus H-31 prevented the expansion of CD4+ cells and CD8++ cells in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC). Furthermore, we examined the serial changes in the expression of the IL-2R beta chain on peripheral blood lymphocytes from renal transplant recipients using two-color immunofluorescence flow cytometry, so as to investigate correlations between IL-2R beta chain expression and the occurrence of allograft rejection. Here, we report that the IL-2R beta chain is expressed on CD4-positive (CD4+) cells and strongly CD8-positive (CD8(+)+) cells in association with acute rejection, indicating that IL-2R beta chain expression appears to increase on alloreactive T cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Cytoprotective effect of plasmin inhibitor on necrotizing agent-induced gastric lesions in rats.

We studied the effect of plasmin inhibitor on ethanol and ammonia-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats using an ex vivo chamber. Tranexamic acid and aminocaproic acid significantly inhibited macroscopic gastric hemorrhagic necrosis and attenuated the decrease of gastric transmucosal potential difference induced by 50% ethanol and 1% ammonia. The protection of gastric mucosa afforded by tranexamic acid and aminocaproic acid was not affected by pretreatment with indomethacin (5 mg/kg). These results suggest that plasmin inhibitor plays an important role in the prevention of gastric deep necrosis following exposure of the stomach to a damaging agent.

Aminocaproic Acid↗
PubMed1989

Effect of diethyldithiocarbamate on gastric and duodenal mucosal blood flow and vascular permeability in rats.

Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), an inhibitor of superoxide dismutase, produced ulceration in the proximal duodenum of rats, and erosions or ulcers in the stomach. DDC given s. c. at 1.5 g/kg increased duodenal and gastric vascular permeability, and reduced blood flow. The decrease in gastric blood flow caused by DDC was attenuated by pretreatment with superoxide dismutase, and significantly inhibited by a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, allopurinol. It is suggested that the superoxide and other radicals damage the mucosal vasculature, and play a role in the pathogenesis of gastric and duodenal mucosal lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effect of plasmin inhibitors on gastric mucosal permeability in rats.

We examined the protective effect of plasmin inhibitors on gastric mucosal vascular permeability in rats. Tranexamic acid and aminocaproic acid significantly inhibited the increase in vascular permeability and macroscopic gastric mucosal lesions induced by 50% ethanol and 1% ammonia. The protective effect afforded by plasmin inhibitors was not affected by pretreatment with indomethacin. Our results show that plasmin inhibitors inhibit the increase in gastric vascular permeability and suggest that plasmin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal damage.

Aminocaproates↗