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Biomedical subjects

S Kusano

Publications and source records attributed to S Kusano.

208 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

CT demonstration of fibrous stroma in chronic pancreatitis: pathologic correlation.

Fibrous stroma found in two patients with chronic pancreatitis was investigated. The helical CT-pathologic correlation confirmed that fibrous stroma found in the subcapsular zone of the pancreatic parenchyma corresponded to the area that was identified as a hypodense zone in the early phase by spiral CT and became isodense with the internal parenchyma in the delayed phase. These CT findings have an important implication for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An experience of stereotactic radiation therapy for primary intracranial choriocarcinoma.

We report on a patient with choriocarcinoma in the pineal region who was successfully treated with stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT). The increased level of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was lowered during chemotherapy with etoposide, cisplatin, and ifosfamide. However, HCG was not normalized and magnetic resonance images still showed an enhanced tumor mass with gadolinium. The patient underwent SRT of 40 Gy at an 80% isodose line per 10 fractions over two weeks, followed by conventional craniospinal irradiation of 32.4 Gy. The level of HCG dropped below the detection limit. The patient has been in good condition for more than four years after the completion of treatment, without any signs of recurrence. We propose SRT as a valid treatment option for malignant germ cell tumors in the pineal region.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of primary small cell carcinoma of the cervical esophagus with long-term survival following concurrent chemoradiotherapy: case report and review of the literature.

The authors describe a case of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus that was treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Both the esophageal tumor and the regional lymph node metastases disappeared after this treatment. The patient is alive and disease free after more than five years. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare and aggressive neoplasm with a very poor prognosis, and the treatment modality is controversial. This case illustrates the possibility of treating this tumor type with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development and evaluation of a radiological reporting system for use with a personal computer.

A computer-assisted radiological reporting system (CRRS) was developed for the efficient management and effective use of a database of radiological information. The system consists of a computer terminal linked to an HIS, a reporting console and a personal computer in the local area network of the radiology department, and a radiography care reader which transfers basic data on the patient from the HIS to the CRRS. The patient's name, hospital ID number, sex and date of birth, the department from which the patient has been referred, in-patient/out-patient status and the procedure needed are recorded on magnetic cards (radiography cards) issued to radiology patients. The system has been successfully used in all diagnostic procedures for 8 months: 16,300 reports have been printed out and stored. The system has made it possible to implement the complete radiological reporting procedure for clinical applications, and the required data can easily be retrieved and used. It has proved to be quite easy to use CRRS to obtain diagnostic histories, and the improved efficiency of the reporting procedure has enabled the cost of a clerk typist to be eliminated.

Data Collection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ventricular fibrillation. A complication and hazard of transcatheter obliteration of the renal artery with absolute ethanol in dogs.

Selective renal artery embolization with absolute ethanol was performed without balloon occlusion in a series of 11 healthy mongrel dogs. Electrocardiogram, blood ethanol level, heart rate, and blood pressure of the aorta and pulmonary artery were monitored. Ventricular extrasystoles and/or ventricular fibrillation occurred in six of the 11 dogs, to which absolute ethanol in doses ranging from 0.09 to 0.40 ml/kg was administered. In three of these six animals, the electrocardiograms showed only ventricular extrasystoles after intra-arterial bolus injection of absolute ethanol at doses of less than 0.15 ml/kg and subsequent recovery to a normal sinus rhythm. Ventricular fibrillation subsequent to ventricular extrasystoles immediately after intra-arterial injection of absolute ethanol at doses of more than 0.18 ml/kg occurred in three. In five of eight dogs that survived after alcohol injection in this series, a severe hypertensive response was observed. Absolute ethanol has the potential hazard of causing ventricular arrhythmia. Thus, careful observations should be undertaken in clinical therapeutic application of this agent, particularly in the absence of balloon occlusion, absolute ethanol should never be used without monitoring the electrocardiogram.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postsurgical intrahepatic portal thromboembolism: a possible cause of perfusion defects on CT during arterial portography.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to investigate unexplained nontumorous perfusion defects on CT arterial portography (CTAP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The CTAP images of 35 patients who underwent partial hepatectomy or open biopsy were analyzed. Hepatic tumors consisted of hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 18) and colorectal carcinoma metastases (n = 17). Nontumorous perfusion defects were categorized into those previously explained and those unexplained. We investigated unexplained ones and their relationship with the underlying conditions. RESULTS: Eight unexplained nontumorous perfusion defects were found in four patients with colorectal metastases. Statistical analysis showed that the defects occurred with significantly higher incidence in patients with colorectal metastases than in those with hepatocellular carcinoma (p = 0.046, Fisher test). All four patients with defects underwent CTAP within 1 month after colorectal surgery. A significant difference was seen in the distribution of surgery-CTAP time intervals between those patients with and those without defects (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test). Intrahepatic portal thrombi were pathologically proven in one of the four patients. CONCLUSION: Unexplained nontumorous hepatic perfusion defects may represent postsurgical portal thromboemboli.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Imaging techniques for measuring adipose-tissue distribution in the abdomen: a comparison between computed tomography and 1.5-tesla magnetic resonance spin-echo imaging.

Eight subjects were examined both by abdominal X-ray computed transverse axial tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (SE) (TR/TE, 200 ms/15 ms); another eight volunteers were subjected to three MRI scans to test the reliability of repeated measures. Correlations between fat area measures obtained by CT and by MRI for subcutaneous fat, total fat, and visceral vs. subcutaneous-fat ratio were highly significant (r = 0.93, 0.91, and 0.94, respectively; p < 0.01), and the standard errors of estimation were 9.99, 23.87, and 0.0047. The average errors of the method for different fat areas were 2.20 cm2 (intra-examination variance) and 3.75 cm2 (inter-examination variance) for visceral and 0.82 cm2 (intra-examination variance) and 1.29 cm2 (inter-examination variance) for subcutaneous fat areas, respectively. These results suggest that SE MRI is a practical approach to evaluate body fat distribution without the exposure to radiation. The reproducibility of SE MRI for the determination of fat areas is high; variation is small and acceptable. However, it is difficult to determine which estimate of fat area should be accepted when there is a discrepancy between MRI and CT measures.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemodynamic changes after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) measured by dynamic CT.

Perfusion measurements were performed before and after TIPS placement in a case of liver cirrhosis by using dynamic CT. After TIPS placement, hepatic portal perfusion per volume was decreased, and the splenic perfusion per volume was dramatically increased, indicating effective portal decompression. The hepatic arterial perfusion was dramatically increased in compensation for decreased portal perfusion.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗