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Biomedical subjects

S Kushiyama

Publications and source records attributed to S Kushiyama.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Distribution and association of trace metals in soft tissue and byssus of Mytilus edulis from the east coast of Kyushu Island, Japan.

Concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag, Cr, Co Ni, Mn, andFe in soft tissues and byssi of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) fromthree sites along the east coast of Kyushu Island, Japan, were determined byAAS method. Large inter-regional differences in metal concentrations in bothsoft tissues and byssi (Cu, Cd, and Pb and Cu, Pb, Co, Ni, Mn, and Fe,respectively) were recorded. Highly significant correlations (p< 0.01) were observed between tissue and byssal concentrations of Pb,Cu, Zn, and Mn. The tissue concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Pb were two ordersof magnitude greater in Mytilus edulis from expected to be themost contaminated locations compared to those from a nonindustrialized area. Intercomparison of the present study data with those published previouslyindicates that the soft tissue and especially byssus are useful in detectingsome areas of some metallic contaminants. The high concentrations of Cd, andespecially Pb and Cu, in Saganoseki mussels and moderately elevatedconcentrations of these metals in Akamizu mussels may be attributed to theanthropogenic emissions from a metallic refinery and an artificial fiberfactory, respectively. It is evident that, compared to the soft tissue, theincrease of Cu levels relative to Zn levels in the byssi of M.edulis are eight times higher, with a slope b (Cu/Zn) of 7.5 for byssusand 0.93 for soft tissue. This suggests that byssus, as compared to softtissue, is a more sensitive bioindicator for Cu. From the data obtained, thesoft tissue and especially byssi of M. edulis appear to be goodbioindicators for identification of coastal areas exposed to metalliccontaminants.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Assessment of the autonomic nervous activities under nitrous oxide-enflurane anesthesia by heart rate fluctuation analysis].

For numerical expression of the autonomic nervous activities during 60% nitrous oxide (N2O), enflurane (Enf) and oxygen anesthesia, heart rate fluctuations were studied in 13 female patients undergoing a laparoscopic examination. Atropine (0.5 mg im) and hydroxidine (50 mg im) were given one hour prior to induction of anesthesia with thiamylal (5 mg.kg-1 iv). Following the induction, succinylcholine (1 mg.kg-1 iv) was administered, and the trachea was intubated. Enf concentration was monitored throughout the study and expressed by the end-tidal values. An electrocardiogram in lead 2 was recorded on a magnetic tape for 3 minutes each time, before the induction of anesthesia (baseline value), during anesthesia with both 1.9% Enf and 1.0% Enf, then 5 and 20 min after tracheal extubation. These data were subjected later to computer analysis for heart rate fluctuations. At 1.9% Enf and after the skin incision, the R-R intervals and the coefficient variation of R-R interval (CV-RR) were significantly reduced to 90% (P less than 0.05) and 32% (P less than 0.01) of the baseline values respectively. A significant reduction (P less than 0.01) was also observed in both the high frequency component (HFC: 0.15-0.4 Hz) and the low frequency component (LFC: 0.05-0.15 Hz) of the power spectrum of heart rate fluctuations. The peak amplitude and the band area of the HFC were reduced to 20 and 35% of the baseline values, while those of the LFC was reduced to around 14%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The autonomic nervous activities in man under thoracic epidural anesthesia assessed by heart rate fluctuation analysis].

The R-R intervals of an electrocardiogram, the coefficient variation of R-R intervals (CV-RR), and the power spectrum of heart rate fluctuation were studied just before surgical operations in a group of 10 patients who underwent high thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA), and before anesthesia in a control group of 10 patients who were scheduled for general anesthesia without TEA. When TEA was performed, the CV-RR increased significantly (P less than 0.05). An increasing tendency (P less than 0.1) was also observed in the R-R intervals and the spectral analysis of the peak amplitude of the low frequency component (LFC) of 0.05 to 0.15 Hz. This tendency was found, too, in the band areas of the LFC and the high frequency component (HFC) of 0.15 to 0.4 Hz. These data indicate that the sympathetic innervation of the heart might have been interrupted by TEA and the vagal tone might have become dominant. Subsequent intravenous administration of atropine 0.5 mg reduced the R-R intervals, the CV-RR, the peak amplitude and the band areas of the LFC and HFC (P less than 0.01), as were seen in the control group. These evidences will show that the heart rate regulation of man in a supine position is dominantly influenced by the vagal tone, and it will become more prominent under TEA by blocking the cardiac sympathetic innervation at spinal level. Present study also suggests that a contribution of the cardiac sympathetic nerve on heart rate fluctuation, even on LFC, is only slight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A method for continuous exposure of blood in vitro and in vivo to light, radiation or gas].

Various medical treatments with extracorporeal circulation have increased the opportunities of exposing blood to light, radiation, or gas. In this paper, several simple methods of exposing blood to these bioactive exogenic agents are introduced. In in vitro method, blood is divided into two cylindrical glass bottles which have openings on both ends. After the bottles are connected with a vinyl tube to make a circuit, they are mounted parallel on the axis of a rotating rod. The air (or laboratory gas) is circulated by a vibration pump incorporated into this gas circuit to equalize the temperature in the two bottles. When the rod is rotated, a thin film of blood is formed over the internal surface of the bottles. This method permits blood to be in contact with the gas inside and to be exposed to light from the outside of the bottle. In in vitro method, blood is divided into two thin-walled, transparent, rectangular bags placed parallel on a tilting board. When the board is tilted intermittently, a thin blood layer is formed in each bag. If the bags are installed with inlet and outlet tubes and connected with blood accesses to either animals or humans, this device will become a circuit for an in vivo study. When one of the two bottles or bags is covered with metal foil to shield it from light or radiation, it can be used as a control. These devices will offer a laboratory method to study the effects of the exposure of blood to some exogenous bioactive agents as well as a new therapeutic method with such agents.

Animals↗