PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S L Jackson

Publications and source records attributed to S L Jackson.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Circumstances and consequences of falls experienced by a community population 70 years and over during a prospective study.

A sample of 761 subjects 70 years and over was drawn from general-practice records of a rural township. Each subject was assessed and followed for 1 year to determine the incidence of and factors related to falls. The fall rate (number of falls per 100 person-years) increased from 47 for those aged 70-74 years to 121 for those 80 years and over. There was no sex difference in fall rate but men were more likely than women to fall outside and at greater levels of activity. Twenty per cent of falls were associated with trips and slips but we found no evidence that inspection of homes and installation of safety features would have decreased the fall rate. Ten per cent of falls resulted in significant injury. Men who fell had an increased subsequent risk of death compared with those who did not fall (relative risk 3.2, 95% CI 1.7-6.0). Subsequent mortality was increased among women who fell but not to significant levels (relative risk 1.6, 95% CI 0.9-2.7).

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1987

Marital therapy outcome measured by therapist, client, and behavior change.

The present research examined marital therapy outcome, in a sample of 88 couples and 22 therapists, through the use of multidimensional criteria from multiple perspectives. Three paper-and-pencil patient self-report instruments were used to measure different aspects of the couple relationship. In addition, therapist post-therapy ratings and objective observer ratings of the couple behavior during therapy were obtained. Past debates about what the "right" criteria might be for measuring therapeutic change prompted our strategy. Special attention was focused on those criteria that could be classified as "inside" or "outside" of the couple relationship. Data analysis revealed a significant relationship between the couples' and therapists' ratings of improvement in therapy. Additionally, husband and wife negative acts (behaviors) in therapy were also significantly correlated with therapists' ratings of improvement. Both statistically significant and clinically significant criteria were employed to evaluate the therapy outcome. Improvement due to therapy as measured by the three self-report instruments varied from 38% to 58%. These differences appeared to stem from the different kinds of information yielded by the specific tests.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT appearance of disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis.

Disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis (DPAM) is a relatively rare cause of pseudomyxoma peritonei, marked by peritoneal lesions with abundant extracellular mucin and little cytologic atypia among exfoliated tumor cells, and usually associated with appendiceal adenomas. Peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis (PMCA) also causes diffuse peritoneal tumor but is marked by neoplastic mucinous epithelium with cytologic features of carcinoma and associated with appendiceal, colon, gastric, or small bowel carcinoma. Compared with PMCA, DPAM has a different distribution of disease and a significantly better prognosis. DPAM is characterized by the lack of lymph node involvement, with primarily superficial peritoneal involvement, and a relatively benign, relapsing course over many years. Dominant primary masses may not be evident in DPAM. Despite considerable overlap in the two main causes of pseudomyxoma peritonei, there are features of the two that may help differentiate between them. We present the computed tomographic appearance of DPAM in a series of seven cases and emphasize characteristics of the disease.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Doctors' beliefs on the use of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation: identifying barriers to stroke prevention.

AIMS: To assess the attitudes of Australian doctors towards the use of antithrombotic drug therapy for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF), and investigate the barriers to prescribing warfarin. METHODS: A postal survey was undertaken among approximately 10% of all registered general practitioners (GPs), cardiologists and physicians in Australia. The anonymous questionnaire used case scenarios to assess doctors' knowledge of current guidelines for the therapeutic management of AF and sought opinions on potential barriers to the use of anticoagulation. RESULTS: Completed questionnaires were received from 711 doctors (30% response rate). The GPs performed better than the cardiologists and other specialists in estimating the risk of stroke in case scenarios. However, the cardiologists were more likely to select the recommended treatment, with GPs being more hesitant to use anticoagulation and tending to underestimate its reported benefit for stroke prevention in non-valvular AF. The GPs were also more likely to overestimate the reported risk of major bleeds with warfarin. In contrast, over one-third of the cardiologists went as far as to give warfarin to a low-risk patient and they were more likely to overestimate the reported benefit of aspirin and warfarin in AF. Only half the doctors correctly classified a patient without a previous stroke (but with other risk factors) as being at high risk. Increased experience as a registered medical practitioner was generally related to a poorer performance on classifying patients according to the risk of stroke. The principal barriers to the use of anticoagulation were nominated as: (i) active gastrointestinal bleeding, (ii) previous intracranial haemorrhage, (iii) alcoholism, (iv) a history of daily falls, (v) liver disease, (vi) severe anaemia and (vii) concurrent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. CONCLUSION: There is scope for improvement in doctors' knowledge about the appropriate use of antithrombotic drug therapy in non-valvular AF and awareness of the results of recent clinical trials. Compilation and dissemination of clear guidelines and focused education on some of the other risk factors (apart from previous stroke or transient ischaemic attacks) in patients with non-valvular

Anticoagulants↗