PubMed HealthSearch

Biomedical subjects

S L Jaffe

Publications and source records attributed to S L Jaffe.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

Intranasal abuse of prescribed methylphenidate by an alcohol and drug abusing adolescent with ADHD.

A rare case is described where an adolescent with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosed in childhood subsequently developed alcohol and drug abuse. He later developed intranasal methylphenidate abuse and dependence after realizing that urine drug screens were expected to be positive for prescribed methylphenidate. This report is to alert physicians to the rare possibility of intranasal methylphenidate abuse in chemically dependent teenagers treated for ADHD and also to the possibility of group methylphenidate abuse at special education schools where many teenagers may be treated with stimulant medication.

Administration, Intranasal

The startle response in rats: effect of ethanol.

The effects of acute and chronic ethanol intake on the startle response was examined in male rats. Ethanol given IP produced a dose-dependent decrease in the amplitude of the startle response measured 30 min later. With a dose of 1 g/kg, the effect was evident at 15 min and had recovered substantially by 60 min. The effect of ethanol on the startle response was potentiated by pretreatment of the animals with pimozide, haloperidol, and p-chlorophenylalanine but not by propranolol, phenoxybenzamine, alpha-methyltyrosine, or pargyline. After 3 weeks on an ethanol-containing diet, the startle response was greater than that shown by rats on the control iso-caloric, sucrose-containing diet. After ethanol withdrawal, the startle response was further increased, with a peak about 9 to 12 hr after discontinuation of ethanol; thereafter, the response declined. This time course of heightened startle response during ethanol withdrawal corresponds to the time course of the activation of noradrenergic neurons during withdrawal. It appears that dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons are involved in the mediation of the startle response in rats.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists