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Biomedical subjects

S L Karonen

Publications and source records attributed to S L Karonen.

100 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Pituitary function after pituitary apoplexy.

Pituitary function was studied in nine patients who had recovered from pituitary apoplexy. All the patients recovered spontaneously; none required immediate surgery. Four of the patients had acromegaly, two had pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome, and a "functionless" pituitary adenoma was found in three. Low serum growth hormone concentrations were observed in three patients with acromegaly whereas the concentration remained increased in the fourth one. Of the two patients with Cushing's syndrome, a selective ACTH-deficiency developed in one and Nelson's syndrome appeared with excessive secretion of ACTH in the other. Transient or persistent hypofunction of the anterior pituitary occurred in al patients. Three patients underwent hypophysectomy after respective intervals of three, eight and 12 months after pituitary apoplex. The operation revealed a hemorrhage in one functionless adenoma and a large cyst in another one. In the third patient who had acromegaly, no signs of the pituitary apoplexy were observed at operation.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of the double antibody-solid phase radioimmunoassay technique in plasma LH and FSH and urinary LH measurements.

Double antibody-solid phase (DASP) radioimmunoassay methods for plasma LH and FSH and urinary LH were developed and carefully evaluated as to their reliability and practicability. The peptide hormones were iodinated enzymatically with immobilized lactoperoxidase which resulted in pure and stable products of unchanged immunoreactivity. The sensitivities of these assay methods are 0.02, 0.17 and 0.20 mIU/tube for plasma LH (MRC 68/40) and FSH (MRC 68/39) and urinary LH (IRP-HMG, urinary), respectively. Interassay coefficients of variation obtained over a 6-18 month period were 14.2, 14.7 and 12.8%, respectively. The latter values for plasma LH and FSH assays were obtained from one level pool samples, and the value for urinary LH is the mean of those obtained from two pools of different levels. Plasma reference values for LH and FSH obtained using these methods are about 1.8-2.9 times higher than those cited for other types of radioimmunoassay. However, the values obtained for LH in urine are similar to those reported in the literature. It is suggested that the DASP technique is less influenced by interference from plasma proteins and because of this gives plasma values closer to the true ones. It is concluded that the methods are well suited for use as routine clinical assays in laboratories with a high work load.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Acute effects of alcohol on anterior pituitary secretion of the tropic hormones.

The plasma or serum concentrations of GH, TSH, LH, PRL, testosterone, cortisol, T4, and T3, and the values of the T3 uptake test were monitored in 12 healthy male volunteers for a period of 20 h after administration of one large dose of ethanol (1.5 g/kg BW). The effects of TRH and LRH on the secretion of TSH, PRL, and LH were studied in these subjects once during the period of acute alcohol intoxication (4 h after the start of drinking) and once during the hangover period (14 h after the start of drinking). Each subject served as his own control by drinking water only during another experimental session. Alcohol had no significant effect on basal concentrations of GH, TSH, LH, T4, T3, or testosterone. The concentration of cortisol in plasma was elevated during the whole 20-h period after ingestion of alcohol, as compared with the control values. Alcohol also did not significantly alter the effects of TRH and LRH on plasma TSH and LH levels at 4 and 14 h. During the hangover period, the PRL response to TRH was totally blocked, but during alcohol intoxication, there was a slight increase in the PRL response to TRH. The lack of response of PRL to TRH during the hangover suggests that withdrawal symptoms are associated with increased dopaminergic activity in the hypothalamus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Luteinizing hormone responses to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, and growth hormone and cortisol responses to insulin induced hypoglycaemia in functional secondary amenorrhoea.

Luteinizing hormone (LH) responses to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), and growth hormone (GH) and cortisol responses to insulin induced hypoglycaemia were studied in 56 women classified into 4 distinct groups of functional secondary amenorrhoea. The groups were: I, self-induced weight reduction (20 patients); II, post pill amenorrhoea (14 patients); III, anorexia nervosa (10 patients); and IV, idiopathic secondary amenorrhoea (12 patients). Only patients with no overlapping anamnestic factors were included. Group I patients had the most heavily impaired LHRH-LH responses, and the GH response to hypoglycaemia was smaller than in other groups. Cortisol responses were normal. Group II patients showed blunted LH responses and normal GH and cortisol responses. Group III patients showed normal or exaggerated LH responses in the recovery phase of anorexia nervosa, while those two patients who were in the static phase of the illness had impaired responses. GH responses varied greatly. Group IV patients had normal basal levels of LH and normal LH, GH and cortisol responses. The restoration of LH response is not solely correlated to body mass, since patients recovering from anorexia nervosa showed greater LHRH-LH responses with nutritional rehabilitation at 76% of ideal body weight than patients with self-induced weight reduction at 87% of ideal body weight. In idiopathic amenorrhoea the hypothalamic pituitary axis seems to be practically intact. The function of hypothalamic-pituitary axis may be impaired selectively in functional amenorrhoea. Corticotrophin releasing hormone function remains intact, and GH-response may be impaired or normal independently of the LH-response to LHRH. In self-induced weight reduction both functions were impaired. These tests are easily carried out with out-patients, and they give more information about the functional state of hypothalamic-pituitary axis than basal analyses of hypothalamic-pituitary axis than basal analyses of gonadotrophins and oestrogens. However, a single pathologic reading in the LH response is not specific enough to indicate to which group of amenorrhoea the patients belong, but these tests together elucidate the severity of lesion in hypothalamic pituitary axis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Examination stress affects plasma levels of TSH and thyroid hormones differently in females and males.

Plasma levels of TSH and thyroid hormones in 22 male and 27 female medical students were determined by radioimmunoassay before and after an academic examination. The plasma values of TSH were slightly higher in both sexes on the examination day than on the control days. The values were lower after the examination than before it in females but not in males. Plasma levels of T3 were higher in males than in females on the examination day. In contrast, the plasma rT3 values were higher for females on the examination day than on control days. The plasma levels of T4 were similar in both sexes. The results suggest that during psychic stress, the pituitary-thyroid endocrine system of the female reacts differently from that of the male.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Examination stress decreases plasma level of luteinizing hormone in male students.

Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone were determined by radioimmunoassay in medical students just before (Exp. 1) and after (Exp. 2) an academic examination and corresponding control periods. Before the examination (Exp. 1), the males' LH values were lower than their control levels, but there was no such difference in the females. Testosterone levels were unaffected in both sexes. There was no correlation between the values of LH and testosterone. There was, however, a significant negative correlation in the males, and an almost significant negative correlation in the females, between the preexamination testosterone values and the examination scores achieved. After the examination (Exp. 2), again the LH values were lower than the control values in the males, but not in the females, and the testosterone values were unaffected in both sexes. There was a weak positive correlation between the postexamination LH and testosterone values in the males, but not in the females. The results are in line with earlier observations suggesting that psychological stress is associated with different hormonal effects in males and females.

Adult↗