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Biomedical subjects

S L Rothman

Publications and source records attributed to S L Rothman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Anatomic analysis of pedicle cortical and cancellous diameter as related to screw size.

The effective thoracic and lumbar pedicle diameter as related to screw size for that pedicle was studied in six fresh-frozen human cadaver spines. Measurements of the pedicle were obtained before screw insertion using axial and coronal reformatted computed tomographic (CT) images, as well as graduated sounding of the pedicle. After sequentially loading each pedicle with increasingly larger screws, measurements were taken of the outer cortical diameters. Plastic deformation of the pedicle preceded pedicle fracture or cutout when the screw thread diameter became larger than the endosteal diameter or within 80% of the outer cortical diameter as measured from the CT scan. Pedicle screws did not obtain cortical purchase within the pedicle.

Bone Screws↗
PubMed1989

Computed tomography in dental implantation surgery.

High-resolution thin section CT with cross-sectional oblique and panoramic CT reconstructions has been shown to be an excellent tool for the preoperative evaluation of the mandible and maxilla for dental implant surgery. Oblique cross-sections throughout the entire surgical field allow visualization of osseous topography as well as related internal anatomic structures such as the inferior alveolar canal, the mental foramina, the incisive canal, and the maxillary sinuses. Armed with this knowledge, the surgeon-restorative dentist team can plan fixture positioning more effectively, thereby minimizing surprises in the operating room. Cases with inadequate buccolingual bone dimension are not attempted, whereas many other cases that do not appear to have adequate bone, as seen on conventional x-ray films, can be successfully implanted. The ultimate prosthesis is optimized because the surgeon can take full advantage of the available bone to achieve proper fixture alignment. It is quite likely that as future experience is obtained with maxillofacial CT, it may also be useful in diagnosis and treatment for a wide variety of other disorders of the jaw.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗
PubMed1988

CT in the preoperative assessment of the mandible and maxilla for endosseous implant surgery. Work in progress.

A new computer software program that generates panoramic and oblique computed tomography scans was used to examine 205 patients who were being considered for endosseous dental implants in the mandibular or maxillary arches. This technique allowed recognition of the course of the inferior alveolar nerve canal and measurement of the alveolar ridge, which facilitated the design and placement of an optimal dental prosthesis.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1986

Computed tomography of the spine in older children and teenagers.

In this short discussion, I have attempted to demonstrate the usefulness of reformatted thin-section spine CT in the evaluation of back syndromes in older children. It is most important to realize that subtle diagnosis requires strict attention to technical detail in performing CT scans, as well as sophistication in computer software to make easily understandable pictures. Axial images alone are totally inadequate for diagnosing some of the abnormalities presented herein. Several of the entities included in this article have never been described by any other radiographic examination, to my knowledge. I believe that reformatted thin-section CT is the single most important radiographic examination of the spine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Postoperative fractures of lumbar articular facets: occult cause of radiculopathy.

Fracture of the inferior lumbar articular facets after laminectomy with facetectomy is a relatively common but unrecognized cause of radiculopathy. Although not all patients may be symptomatic from the fractures, some may have radiculopathy or back pain caused by displacement of the fracture fragment. In a series of 400 postoperative spinal computed tomographic (CT) scans, 25 patients were found who had fractures through the base of the inferior facets. Axial scans revealed no abnormality other than slight widening of the joint on the affected side. Sagittal views demonstrated a lucent defect similar to a pars interarticularis fracture, whereas coronal views showed the fracture at a different location in the base of the facet. Typically patients become symptomatic after a period of postsurgical well-being. A new pain pattern, local tenderness, pain on unusual movements, and relief with recumbency help suggest facet fracture versus recurrent disk herniation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Subarachnoid spread of ependymoma: diagnosis and evaluation of therapy by computerized tomography.

The potential of ependymomas to spread throughout the intracranial subarachnoid space is well documented, though the incidence is disputed. This relates in part to the time required for such metastases to produce symptoms. The diagnosis of such spread, however, is important for therapeutic management. This report demonstrates the effectiveness of computerized tomography in diagnosing spread of ependymoma throughout the basal cisterns and cerebral fissures.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Complete and partial trisomy of different segments of chromosome 8: case reports and review.

This report describes some of the clinical, chromosomal and radiological findings in three unrelated patients with trisomy 8 mosaicism syndrome (T8ms), two first cousins with trisomy 8q and a patient with trisomy 8p. On the basis of the phenotypic and cytogenetic findings seen in our six patients and those noted in previous reports, we concur with Riccardi & Crandall (1978) that most physical malformations seen in T8ms are associated with trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 8.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

Cerebellar atrophy: the differential diagnosis by computerized tomography.

Seven patients with cerebellar atrophy were studied by computerized tomography. The radiographic findings were varied. They included enlargement of the lateral cisterns, loss of superior cerebellar vermian substance with prominence of the superior cerebellar cisterns, and fourth ventricle enlargements. The patterns of posterior fossa atrophy may suggest the etiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Multiplanar reconstruction as an aid in CT diagnosis.

Multiplanar reconstructions of the orbit, brain, and spine were performed on 60 patients with a variety of disorders. They were thought to provide significant useful information in 22 cases, some useful information in 26 cases, and no useful information in 12 cases. It is suggested that on-line reconstruction is a useful adjunct to neurologic CT.

Brain↗
PubMed1978

The role of computed tomography in the evaluation of upper cervical spine pathology.

A series of nine patients with symptoms referable to the upper cervical spine were recently studied by both conventional radiographic techniques and computed axial tomography (CT), in an attempt to ascertain the effectiveness of CT in evaluating upper cervical spine pathology. We found CT a useful tool in diagnosing a variety of pathological conditions in this region, particularly when they involve subtle neural arch fractures, rotational deformities, or compromise of the neural canal.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Pluridirectional tomography in the evaluation of pituitary tumors.

A series of 110 patients with suspected pituitary tumors was recently evaluated by endocrinologic and neuroradiologic studies. Of the 77 patients in this series who underwent surgery, 74 had confirmed pituitary adenomas, two had suprasella tumors of the influndibulum, and one had an empty sella not previously diagnosed at pneumoencephalography. All 17 patients with normal plain skull films but abnormal thin section tomography who underwent surgery had documented pituitary tumors. This includes six patients who presented with amenorrhea and/or galactorrhea and normal baseline serum prolactin levels; the only abnormality was found on tomography of the sella. In the preoperative evaluation of these patients, pluridirectional tomography of the sella was the most sensitive indicator of intrasellar pathology.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

Radiographic diagnostic evaluation and surgical treatment of multiple cerebellar, brain stem, and spinal cord hemangioblastomas.

Multiple hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system present a greater challenge in their diagnosis and treatment than do single hemangioblastomas of the cerebellar hemisphere. Improved radiographic techniques of tomographic vertebral angiography and computed axial tomography (CT) are of considerable value in the diagnosis of multiple cerebellar, brain stem, and spinal cord hemangioblastomas. Microsurgical techniques now allow for total operative removal of many of these lesions. A case report is presented to emphasize the radiographic diagnostic evaluation as well as the microsurgical technique for removal of multiple central nervous system hemangioblastomas.

Adolescent↗