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Biomedical subjects

S L Sellars

Publications and source records attributed to S L Sellars.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Major surgery of oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Thirty-two composite resections were carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology at Groote Schuur Hospital for oral and oro-pharyngeal squamous carcinoma over the 10-year period, 1977-1986. Three patients were lost to review but all others were followed up to death or to five years. Twenty-seven patients underwent surgery as their primary procedure and five for recurrence after primary radiotherapy. The overall survival was 16 patients at three years and eight at five years. Only one of the five patients who underwent salvage surgery after failed radiotherapy was alive at five years and all five experienced serious postoperative complications. All those surviving over five years had had either N0 or N1 disease at the time of presentation for surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Bilateral facial nerve palsies: Groote Schuur Hospital experience.

Bilateral facial nerve palsies are rare. This article details the Cape Town experience of 24 patients with this condition seen over the past 20 years and highlights the three main groups in which these bilateral facial nerve palsies occurred. These are Bell's palsy, fracture of the temporal bones and sclerosteosis. A variety of other rare causes was also found. Bell's palsy remains a diagnosis of exclusion though there has been some evidence to suggest implication of the Herpes simplex virus. The mechanism whereby temporal bone fractures cause bilateral facial nerve palsies is discussed. The clinical presentation and management of sclerosteosis is also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Vagal nerve schwannoma--a new diagnostic sign.

A case of vagal nerve schwannoma with a new physical sign is presented. The tumour was largely cystic and aspiration, performed twice, immediately elicited a cough reflex from the patient. Treatment was by total excision and the patient made a good recovery. Complete cystic degeneration of a vagal nerve schwannoma is uncommon. A search of the literature has failed to find any previous reports of fine needle aspiration causing a cough reflex in these tumours.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1979

Benign tumours of the larynx.

Over the 8-year period 1971--1978, 743 benign lesions of the larynx, of which 551 were pseudotumors and 192 were benign neoplasms, were surgically treated at Groote Schuur Hospital. In comparison, during the same period 402 malignant tumours of the larynx were also seen. The commonest benign lesions were vocal cord nodules, almost exclusively found in women, and the vocal cord polyp, predominantly found in men. The various specific pathological entities encountered are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A prospective evaluation of injection sclerotherapy in the treatment of acute bleeding from esophageal varices.

In a 25 month study of massive upper-gastrointestinal hemorrhage, 64 patients were shown to have esophageal varices on emergency endoscopy. Twenty-four patients were actively bleeding from varices and were treated with a Sengstaken tube, and in 22 this was followed by emergency injection sclerotherapy using a rigid esophagoscope and general anesthesia. These 22 patients were followed prospectively and had 51 episodes of endoscopically proven active bleeding from esophageal varices which required Sengstaken tube control of hemorrhage during 36 separate admissions. This group included our total experience of injection sclerotherapy in acute variceal bleeding. The majority (14 of 22 patients) had alcoholic cirrhosis. Definitive control of variceal bleeding during the period of hospitalization was achieved in 33 hospital admissions (92%), usually with a single injection (27 hospital admissions: 75%). The results were satisfactory in 26 hospital admissions (72%). There were nine deaths (41% overall patient mortality rate), but no patient died primarily of variceal bleeding, and exsanguinating variceal bleeding was no longer a problem. The mortality rate per injection was 18%, and the mortality rate per hospital admission was 25%. Injection sclerotherapy is proposed as the emergency treatment of choice for patients with proven bleeding esophageal varices who do not stop bleeding on initial conservative treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

The aetiology of partial deafness in childhood.

Two hundred and twenty-three White children with partial hearing loss in three special schools in South Africa for the hard-of-hearing child were investigated. Twenty-four children (11%) had an identifiable genetic syndrome, 52 (23%) had familial deafness, 17 (8%) had significant additional non-otological abnormalities, and in 55 (24%) a firm history of an acquired cause was available. The proportions of these aetiological categories are similar to those which we have encountered in profoundly deaf children. It is of practical significance that 18 of the children had middle-ear abnormalities which could very likely be corrected by surgery. It is strongly recommended that every child with impaired hearing should have a comprehensive clinical and otological assessment and thereafter undergo periodic diagnostic review.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Deafness in Osteodysplasty of Melnick and Needles.

A 12-year-old boy had osteodysplasty of Melnick and Needles and a mixed conductive and perceptive deafness of both ears. Deafness in this rare, inherited skeletal disorder is exceptional. Structurally, the pinnae and external auditory canals were small; thin, serous fluid was found in both middle ears, and on surgical exploration of the right ear, no round window could be found.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1976

Transnasal hypophysectomy.

A transnasal trans-sphenoidal surgical approach to the pituitary gland is described. The operative and post-operative experiences with the use of this technique on 21 patients with hormone-dependent malignant disease are reported. In 2 patients the procedure was abandoned because of intrasellar haemorrhage and in 1 an empty sella was found. Fifteen patients developed diabetes insipidus and 1 patient died in the postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The mortality and morbidity of laryngectomy.

Experiences with 147 laryngectomies, 49 with en bloc neck dissection, are presented. One patient died, and 36 suffered postoperative complications serious enough to delay rehabilitation and to prolong hospitalisation.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The surgery of frontal sinus infection.

A clinical and surgical review of 37 patients treated for acute and chronic frontal sinusitis at Groote Schuur Hospital during the 6-year period 1967-1972, is presented. The mode of clinical presentation of this disease and its complications are discussed, and the surgical management of frontal sinus disease as practised at this hospital is described.

Abscess↗
PubMed1975

Transnasal spehnoidotomy.

This publication describes a relatively simple transnasal and trans-septal surgical approach to the sphenoid sinus, that assists in the diagnosis of pathology in this region and in some circumstances permits the correct treatment. Eight patients on whom this technique was used, are briefly reported. The importance of adequate radiological assessment of this area is illustrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Stapedectomy in the deafness of Paget's disease.

The causes of deafness in osteitis deformans are various. One of these, stapediovestibular ankylosis, can be treated by stapedectomy, and hearing can therefore be improved. Experience with 3 such cases treated by stapedectomy is reported, and the related literature is reviewed.

Aged↗