Biomedical subjects

S L Vasin

Publications and source records attributed to S L Vasin.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

The role of proteins in the nucleation and formation of calcium-containing deposits on biomaterial surfaces.

In experiments in vivo using diffusion chambers, the morphology and composition of calcium-containing deposits on natural and artificial biomaterials that had no direct contact with cells were studied using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersion X-ray microanalysis. It was revealed that the formation of a protein layer containing protein-calcium complexes is the key event in biomaterial calcification. A mechanism of formation of a calcium-containing protein matrix that creates the conditions for supersaturation of the crystal-forming medium over critical value has been proposed. The formation of nuclei of insoluble calcium phosphate starts predominantly deep in an adsorbed protein layer enriched by calcium ions.

Biocompatible Materials↗

PubMed1991

The effect of cells on biomaterial calcification: experiments with in vivo diffusion chambers.

The results of these in vivo experiments show that bovine pericardium can undergo calcification without direct contact with tissue. It is clear that the direct interaction of cells with implanted samples both promotes and accelerates the process of calcification. Moreover, dietary calcium supplements, calcium chloride and vitamin D can intensify the rate and extent of this process.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Development of autonomous paracorporeal and implanted artificial heart and circulatory assist systems.

The development of autonomous systems for the artificial heart (AH) and for circulatory assistance (CA) has taken several directions. Studies relating to one direction--the development of paracorporeal and implanted systems based on thermal or electric motors--have been conducted at our institute in two stages, moving from stationary systems to totally implanted systems for long-term use. The development of these systems is described. Improvements in the linear solenoid motor, used in some of the first paracorporeal systems, enabled progress toward the development of implanted CA systems based on a reversing electrohydraulic actuator. Modifications were also made in the control system. Early animal testing of these systems indicated that they could be effective in unburdening the heart cavities during left and right bypasses. Full implantation, however, demanded that the devices have improved forms and dimensions and less weight. Smaller electromechanical systems are being developed, and we are experimenting with ways to increase the overall autonomy of the system. An orthotopic model of an implanted AH is promising. Experiments continue on the use of the body's own skeletal muscles to create a blood pump.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Carbon coated polyethylene: effect of surface energetics and topography on human platelet adhesion.

The influence of surface energy and structural properties of carbon coated polyethylene (PE) on the human platelet adhesion was studied. Three types of amorphous carbon coating were obtained by plasma pulse discharge, with the number of pulses grading as 10, 50, 100. Human serum albumin adsorption experiments have been carried out with all samples in vitro. Platelet adhesion analysis by SEM included determination of total quantity of adherent platelets, and respective quantities of platelets at different stages of activation (single, spread, aggregates). Surface topographies ranged from bare PE and such (10 pulses), to globular 0.5 microm in size (50 pulses), and complex fibrillar 3-4 microm structures (100 pulses). Surface free energy varies from 31.7 +/- 0.6 to 40.4 +/- 0.6 mN/m for uncoated PE and 10 pulse coatings, respectively, as determined by contact angle techniques. All studied coatings demonstrate weaker platelet activation properties in comparison with untreated PE. Among all studied coatings, the 50 pulse coated surface seems to be the least suitable for contact with platelets, mainly due to its structural rather than to its energy properties. These data are related to a sharp decrease in the adsorbed protein level for the samples with 50 pulse coatings. The applied analysis of platelet activation enables more accurate characterization of platelet-biomaterial interaction.

Adsorption↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Mathematical processing of human platelet distribution according to size for determination of cell heterogeneity].

The paper proposes a method for mathematical treatment of the distribution of human platelets by sizes to detect the heterogeneity of cell populations. Its use allowed the authors to identify three platelet populations that have different parameters of size distribution. The proposed method opens additional vistas for analyzing the heterogeneity of platelet populations without sophisticating experimental techniques.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Biomaterial calcification without direct material-cell interaction.

This report summarizes 1) features of the local redistribution of calcium ions and formation of complexes with calcium (Ca) in the presence of polymer samples; 2) the adsorption of Ca ions and Ca containing complexes onto biomaterial surfaces; 3) the character and composition of Ca containing deposits; and 4) the role of cellular and humoral factors in calcification. All experiments were done with three types of medical grade polymer material (from USSR): silicone rubber (SR), polyurethane "Vitur" (PU), and polyethylene (PE). Biochemical, radioisotopic, SEM, and EDAX methods were used in in vitro and in vivo experiments. The diffusion chamber model was used in animal experiments. SR was shown to induce greater changes in complex formation processes and to adsorb more Ca containing complexes than PE or PU. In addition to the degree of SR calcification seen after 21 days, implantation accentuated these findings. The possibility of calcification of polymer materials without direct contact of material and cells was observed. Combining the in vitro and in vivo experimental data, the authors propose a hypothetical scheme of biomaterial calcification.

Adsorption↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Methodology of obtaining and digital processing of adhesive cells].

The paper deals with the methodological features of investigations of the interaction of cells and foreign material surfaces by scanning electron microscopy. The proposed technique for obtaining electron microscopic images results in their easy binarization and further treatment using computer software. The specificity of obtaining electron microphotographs permits detailed quantitative image analysis. This approach enables one to study both quantity of objects and their individual morphologies, as well as to define distributions of objects by their diameter, area, etc. Human platelet adhesion to glass and metal is considered as an example.

Aluminum↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of laser diffraction spectroscopy for measuring the size distribution of human thrombocytes].

The proposed procedure for obtaining the distribution of human platelets by their sizes by using laser diffraction, followed by computer processing of the results permits studies by defining quantitative parameters, such as the pattern of distribution, the count of platelet populations and the variations in platelet counts in the populations. This procedure may be used to examine the functional status of cells in health and in disease.

Adult↗