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Biomedical subjects

S L Vnotchenko

Publications and source records attributed to S L Vnotchenko.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Humoral autoimmunity markers in autoimmune endocrine diseases].

To clarify the value of autoantibodies as risk factors of complications in various endocrine abnormalities, the incidence of autoantibodies to thyroid microsomal antigen (ATMA), thyroglobulin, and the surface antigens of the rat islet, adrenal cortex, adenohypophyseal cells and human skin fibroblasts was studied in patients with insulin-dependent mellitus (IDDM), at the onset of the disease and during one-year insulin therapy, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves' disease, diabetes associated with thyroidal dysfunction, euthyroid polynodular goiter, Schmidt and polyglandular syndromes and in the population. The antibodies were determined by ELISA. Polyclonal activation of the immune system was found in all abnormalities, except in polyglandular in children. The proportion of patients with more than one type of antibodies was minimal (26.4%) in IDDM and maximal (62.0%) in Graves' disease. Among IDDM patients, polyclonal activation of the immune system was observed more often in women than in men (48.5 vs 8.5%). The persistence of antibodies to fibroblasts in IDDM patients was associated with the development of vascular complications. The latter were observed in 4 of 7 patients who had these antibodies during a year and in none of negative patients. Thus, fibroblast antibodies may have a predicative significance for the development of late diabetic complications. The highest prevalence of these antibodies was discovered in Graves' disease (37.9%) wherein the antibodies may be involved in the development of exophthalmus and pretibial mixedema. Thyroidal dysfunction developed in all IDDM patients with ATMA preserved during a year and in none ATMA-negative patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A comparative analysis of the function of the autonomic nervous system in patients with thyrotoxicosis and autonomic crises].

Patients with diffuse toxic goiter and those with vegetative dystonia and paroxysmal permanent disorders are shown to have parasympathetic deficiency and moderate sympathetic insufficiency. In toxic goiter patients hyperhydrosis was accompanied by normal conduction along the vegetative perspiration fibers and a significant increase in foot potential amplitude. In patients having vegetative crises there was reduced conduction along the perspiration fibers. Clinical symptoms of enhanced sympathetic activity in both the diseases can be explained by weak parasympathetic influences and hypersensitivity of peripheral tissues to catecholamines. Spilberger test ascertained high reactive and personal anxiety in both groups. By modified MMPI, toxic goiter patients are characterized by hypochondriac, depressive and anxiety trends. Patients with vegetative crises were prone to demonstrative reactions, hypochondria and anxiety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[A clinico-physiological analysis of essential hyperhidrosis].

A total of 30 patients with essential hyperhidrosis (EH) and 20 healthy test subjects were examined. Based on the anamnestic and clinical data the patients with EH were distributed into 2 groups: permanent EH and remitting EH (PEH and REH respectively). REH and PEH patients manifested disorders of the suprasegmental part of the autonomic nervous system, which showed up by a rise of the level of reactive and personality anxiety, an increase of the readings of the MIL test scales. PEN patients demonstrated segmental vegetative disorders that manifested by reduced conduction in sweating fibers (a method of evoked cutaneous sympathetic potentials), a lowering of sympathetic effects in the cardiovascular system, a decline of diurnal excretion of catecholamines. The conclusion is made about the presence of 2 forms of EH: permanent EH and remitting EH that differ in the degree of involvement of the suprasegmental and segmental parts of the autonomic nervous system into the pathological process. Based on the reduced conduction in the sympathetic sweating fibers in PEH patients the conclusion is drawn that denervation hypersensitivity to blood catecholamines plays a great role in the pathogenesis of the given pattern of EH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Antithyroid antibody dynamics in patients with Hashimoto's goiter receiving conservative treatment and after surgical interventions].

The content of antithyroid antibodies (AtAb) in the blood of patients with Hashimoto's goiter was studied over time, namely during the treatment with thyroid drugs and after surgical interventions of different scope. The patients' groups with diverse changes in the AtAb titers during the conservative treatment were revealed. The analogous types of the time-course of changes in antibodies to thyroglobulins (AbTg) were discovered after a surgical intervention irrespective of the operation scope whereas the persistence of antibodies to microsomal antigen (AbMa) after the operation depended on the mass of the remaining thyroid tissue. A correlation was found between the high titers of AbTg (rather than AbMa) and the elevated content of thyrotropic hormone in untreated patients with Hashimoto's goiter and after large-scope surgical interventions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Thyroid adenocarcinoma and Hashimoto's goiter].

A comparative analysis of 2419 case histories of patients operated on for different thyroid diseases, has shown that the frequency of adenocarcinomas in lymphadenoid goiter is almost like in nodular and multinodular goiter however they are detected usually in the form of microfoci. Thyroid cancer in patients with lymphadenoid goiter combined with nodular goiter and/or adenoma is detected twice as more frequently than in patients with (multi)nodular goiter. Routine methods of investigation do not permit preoperative detection of malignancy against a background of lymphadenoid goiter.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of the clinical course of diffuse toxic goiter].

The authors describe rather rare clinical forms of diffuse toxic goiter with bradycardia, pretibial myxedema, the absence of ophthalmic sings and noticeable cachexy. All necessary investigations for more rational differential diagnosis are enlisted. A possibility of the development of the clinical picture of thyrotoxicosis in TTH producting hypophyseal adenomas, chorionepithelioma and hydatidiform mole is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic thyroiditis with hypothyroidism in patients with Addison's disease].

The authors describe two cases of Schmidt's syndrome (combined idiopathic Addison's disease and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis). In both cases, the damage to the thyroid gland occurred before adrenal pathology. In one case it was associated with overt hypothyrosis and in the other one with subclinical hypothyrosis. It is suggested that these diseases are caused by an autoimmune process, which is supported by demonstration in the blood of both patients of antibodies against thyroid and adrenal tissues.

Addison Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indicators of the T- and B-systems of immunity in patients with diffuse toxic goiter].

Several indices of the function of T- and B-immune systems were determined in patients with diffuse toxic goiter before treatment and at thyrotoxicosis compensatory stage. Sensitization of lymphocytes to thyroglobulin was observed in the majority of patients with the decompensatory stage of the disease. The experimental results of the lymphocyte migration inhibition test were not dependent on patient's sex and/or age, endocrine ophthalmopathy occurrence and titers of antibody to thyroglobulin. The function of T- and B-immune systems tended to normal in the treatment process.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of thyrostatic therapy on various immunologic indices in patients with diffuse toxic goiter].

The influence of thyrostatic therapy upon immunoglobulin A, M and G serum concentrations and lymphocytic blast-cell transformation in thyroglobulin and PHA presence in patients with diffuse toxic goiter was studied. The results of the immunological test used do not define quite accurately changes in clinical manifestations of the disease. In the majority of patients disorders of the humoral and/or cell immunity persist during the thyrotoxicosis compensatory stage. A tendency towards normalization or normalization of the parameters studied of T- and B-immune systems is seen under the action of thyrostatic therapy.

Adult↗