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Biomedical subjects

S L Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to S L Wilson.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Upper airway patency in the human infant: influence of airway pressure and posture.

We have determined the influence of transmural pressure and neck posture on upper airway patency in infants after death. In natural resting postures, the airway was closed at transmural pressures not exceeding those normally seen during peak inspiratory airflow in the living infant, implying that a neuromuscular mechanism is necessary to maintain airway patency during life. Neck flexion raised closing pressure, making the airway more susceptible to collapse, whereas neck extension lowered closing pressure, making the airway more resistant to collapse. When the angle of flexion was kept constant, closing pressure was not significantly altered by turning the head or positioning the infant prone. Pressures above the corresponding closing pressure were required to reopen the closed airway, suggesting that the walls of the closed airway tended to adhere and implying that surface forces can impose an added load to airway-maintaining musculature during obstructive apnea in the living infant.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

An electron microscopic cytochemical study on concanavalin A binding sites and their mobility in normal and cystic fibrosis fibroblasts in vitro.

Concanavalin A (Con A) binding sites were visualized ultrastructurally in the cultured fibroblasts from cystic fibrosis patients, obligatory heterozygotes, and normal individuals by peroxidase labeling technique. Con A binding sites were localized as a continuous layer on the external side of the plasma membrane in fixed fibroblasts of the three genotypes. In living cells, Con A induces both lateral and vertical movements of binding sites as expressed by cap formation and internalization of the plasma membrane. Fibroblasts of the three genotypes responded similarly to Con A treatment and failed to show significant detectable differences.

Binding Sites↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Awareness, dreams, and hallucinations associated with general anesthesia.

This incidence of mental aberrations (awareness, dreams, and hallucinations) in 490 adult patients undergoing a variety of surgical procedures was investigated. The total incidence of mental aberrations reported was 11 percent (awareness 1 percent, halluncinations 2 percent, dreams 8 percent). No statistically significant correlation was found between the incidence of unusual mental reactions and the anesthetic agents employed, the age or sex of the patients, or the duration or type of surgical prcedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unrelenting hypotension associated with an acute abdomen in a comatose hemophiliac child: a case report.

A comatose 4-year-old hemophiliac presented with an acute abdomen; subsequently he developed unrelenting hypotension. An immediate exploratory laparotomy was required, without time for determining baseline factor VIII (AHF) levels. Despite hypotension and hemorrhage, vigorous intraoperative fluid volume replacement and the administration of fresh frozen plasma and AHF concentrates brought a successful conclusion.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prolonged neuromuscular blockade associated with trimethaphan: a case report.

A case of prolonged neuromuscular blockade associated with the administration of trimethaphan to a neurosurgical patient aged 29 is believed to be the possible result of interaction between trimethaphan, a ganglionic-blocking drug, and muscle relaxant. This possibility should be kept in mind when the administration of trimethaphan is being considered.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sensory stimulation in prolonged coma: four single case studies.

Patients diagnosed as being in prolonged coma (vegetative state) in this hospital are routinely treated according to a sensory stimulation protocol. This paper reports an evaluation of the efficacy of this procedure using the comparison of behavioural measures taken immediately prior to and post-stimulation. Four single cases produced significant behavioural changes suggesting increased arousal as a result of stimulation. The results and implications for further evaluation studies are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of microcomputers for psychological assessment of physically disabled adults.

Many severely physically disabled people are unable to be psychologically assessed by conventional methods because of the severity of impairment, yet the information gained from such assessment can be very valuable in the planning of programmes to improve the individual's condition. We are developing a microcomputer-based system to enable severely disabled people to be psychologically assessed and this paper reports on the system developed for this purpose.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health educators in HMOs: a study of utilization and effectiveness.

This study examined the status of health educators in Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs). Specifically, the investigation described the utilization of health education personnel in HMOs, the way in which health education services were provided, and the effectiveness of health educators in HMOs as perceived by HMO administrators. Data from a national study showed that health educators were employed by all HMO types except Independent Practice Associations. Health education services tended to be provided in-house rather than through contractual services. HMO administrators were generally favorable toward the presence of health educators in their organizations and were satisfied with their performances, believing that they were cost effective and well educated for their position. The belief that health educators could be better utilized if they possessed additional skills apparently existed.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The cytologic diagnosis of breast aspirations.

A series of 1,792 breast cytology specimens were evaluated from the Boston Hospital for Women for the years 1970-1974. The majority (1,684) were needle aspiration smears, the remainder (108) were nipple secretion smears. The cytologic criteria for diagnosing breast specimens were presented. Of the 1,792 breast specimens examined cytologically, 48 cases were histologically proven cancers with 33 smears containing malignant or suspicious cells, indicating 92% accuracy (after correction for unsatisfactory smears). A suspicious or positive interpretation of the smears prompted a biopsy and led to early diagnosis. Although needle aspiration cytology is not a new technique, it is one which is economical, easy, accurate and lacking in complications to the patient. Hopefully in the near future, it will be a more widely accepted procedure for the early detection of breast cancer.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Body size, composition, and fitness in adolescents with elevated blood pressures.

Increased body size is often found in children with elevated blood pressures, but it is not clear whether this is a result of obesity or early maturity. Similarly, levels of activity and fitness have marked effects on blood pressure and body composition. To study these interrelated factors, we measured height, weight, and body composition (skinfold thickness and total body water) as well as heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen consumption at rest and during exercise in 192 ninth grade boys and girls, 102 with persistently elevated blood pressures at or above the 95th percentile and 90 matched controls with blood pressures below the 50th percentile for the entire population of 10,641 Dallas County ninth graders tested. Differences in resting blood pressures also were present during maximal exercise and recovery periods. Boys with persistently elevated blood pressures were characterized by increased supine and recovery heart rates, normal fitness, excess size for age in the absence of obesity, and early maturation. Girls with persistently elevated blood pressures had increased heart rates, decreased fitness, and obesity.

Adolescent↗