Biomedical subjects

S Leinonen

Publications and source records attributed to S Leinonen.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

[Middle-Finland public health nurses participate in a large-sized longitudinal studies. Language development and its relation to reading ability].

Dyslexia, specific reading disability, which seriously impairs school achievement and interferes with the acquisition of information, is estimated to affect about 3-15% of the population. In a longitudinal study started in the University of Jyväskylä researchers will follow the development of language and other cognitive skills of babies of 160 families from birth to about 10 years' age in search for early precursors of dyslexia. Trough screening parents for dyslexia we hope to obtain new information about specific features of reading and writing problems in adulthood, which helps us to focus our search for important features of early language problems linked to development of dyslexia. Finnish public health nurses are involved the study in the field.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of symptomatic congenital hepatic cysts with single-session percutaneous drainage and ethanol sclerosis: technique and outcome.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous aspiration and ethanol sclerotherapy as the sole treatment for symptomatic, nonneoplastic, congenital hepatic cysts. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective study, 59 symptomatic, congenital hepatic cysts in 25 patients were treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous aspiration and ethanol sclerotherapy. Eleven patients had a solitary cyst, and 14 patients had polycystic liver disease. Mean follow-up was 4 years. RESULTS: Fifty-seven (97%) of 59 sclerotherapy procedures were technically successful, and there were no recurrences. Eight cysts in six patients disappeared totally. The mean diameter of the remaining 49 cysts decreased from 9 cm to 3 cm. At the last follow-up visit, 14 patients were asymptomatic, four had milder epigastric pain than before the treatment, and seven with polycystic liver disease had recurrent symptoms due to growth of nontreated cysts. No major complications occurred. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous aspiration with ethanol sclerotherapy is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatment method for symptomatic congenital cysts. It is the initial treatment of choice for all patients with symptomatic congenital hepatic cysts.

Cysts↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Patency and complications of percutaneously inserted metallic stents in malignant biliary obstruction.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze the patency of percutaneously inserted metallic stents in malignant biliary obstruction and to evaluate all the complications associated with the stents and the reinterventions needed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with 42 malignant strictures were treated percutaneously with 55 metallic self-expandable stents. Forty-eight were Wallstents and seven were Memotherm stents. Twenty-five strictures were hilar, 16 were in the common bile duct, and one was in the hepaticojejunal anastomosis. The patients were followed until death and the mean follow-up was 6.4 months. RESULTS: Stent insertion was successful in 97% of the patients. Thirty percent had early complications (<30 days), and as many as 66% had late complications, including stent occlusions, which were seen in 10 patients. The patency rates of patients with cholangio-carcinoma were significantly lower than those of the patients with other diagnoses. There was also a tendency toward obstruction with less dilation of the stents, Y, T or tandem-style stent placement, an increasing number of stents, longer strictures, and hilar strictures. Thirty-one percent of the patients alive after the first 30 days had late reinterventions. CONCLUSIONS: Although metallic stents offer an alternative in the palliation of malignant bile duct obstruction, there seem to be numerous early and late complications.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous cholecystostomy in acute cholecystitis in high-risk patients: an analysis of 69 patients.

BACKGROUND: Optimal treatment of acute cholecystitis in high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis continues to be a difficult therapeutic problem. With the development of more advanced radiological imaging techniques, percutaneous cholecystostomy (PCS) has been presented as an effective treatment alternative in critically ill patients. This paper reports our experiences of percutaneous cholecystostomy in the treatment of acute cholecystitis in a well defined high-risk patient group. METHODS: The data concerning 69 high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis treated by percutaneous cholecystostomy in Oulu University Hospital and Kokkola Central Hospital were analyzed. RESULTS: Ultrasound showed gallbladder stones in 71% (49/69) of the patients and 29% of them presented with acalculous cholecystitis. After PCS, pain diminished in 94% (61/65), fever in 90% (35/39), CRP values in 87% (53/61) and leucocyte count in 84% (46/55) of the patients. Before PCS, the CRP value was 132+/-106 mg/l and after PCS 79+/-73 mg/l (P = 0.001) and corresponding leucocyte counts were 14.7+/-5.0 and 9.3+/-3.2 (P = 0.001), respectively. The antegrade cholecystocholangiography was performed in 29 patients after PCS, and common bile duct stones were detected in 8 patients; these stones were treated by endoscopic papillotomy. Complications after PCS occurred in 17 patients (26%), but only two patients required emergency laparotomy. Mortality was 19% (13/69). Acute cholecystitis alone was the cause of death in only three patients. Mostly, fatal outcome was caused by the serious underlying diseases. CONCLUSION: According to our results, PCS should be the method of choice in high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis.

Acute Disease↗