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Biomedical subjects

S Lindner

Publications and source records attributed to S Lindner.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Diplopia after encircling procedure for retinal detachment].

PURPOSE: Our aim was to evaluate the frequency, duration and therapy of diplopia in primary position caused by motility disorders after retinal detachments treated only with encircling bands. METHODS: A retrospective review is made of 264 consecutive patients. RESULTS: At 6 months after surgery,18 (7%) out of the 264 patients had motility disorders with diplopia in primary position. In 55%, we found an esotropia and vertical deviation. For the treatment of diplopia, eight patients had prisms foils, five of whom are scheduled for surgery, six patients wear prism glasses and three patients did not return for follow up after their sight had been corrected with prisms. An operation for strabism was necessary in three cases, mainly because of hypertrophic scarring (adhesion syndrome), rather than suturing material or muscular decompensation. One patient needed eye occlusion for untreatable diplopia. The average change of refraction after the encircling procedure was -2.0 D. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend avoiding unnecessary preparation of the muscles when placing the encircling band (without destruction of the Tenon or periorbital tissue), motility exercises after the operation and full refractive correction for sensory compensation of deviations as early as possible. In addition, antiphlogistic drugs should be used to avoid scarring and treatment with prism lenses. Removal of the encircling band does not seem to improve the motility as the disorder is mainly caused by hypertrophic scarring, neither does mitomycin C or the application of viscoelastic substances.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Endocrine orbitopathy--diagnosis].

Various modifications of classic Werner classification for endocrine orbitopathy are used. The application of this NOSPECS-scheme on the ocular and periocular changes in Graves' disease is discussed.

Graves Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Treatment results in 25 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy between 1998 and 2001].

In our outpatient clinic 25 patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy were treated, 21 women, mean age 58.8 years (range 19-74 years) and 4 men, mean age 47.5 years (range 38-56 years). In the female group two showed euthyroid Graves' ophthalmopathy and one Hashimoto's disease; in the male group one showed euthyroid ophthalmopathy. Treatment was done depending on the findings of the NOSPECS-classification in identical way for each group. Final results were obtained three and six months after therapy, at that time all patients were euthyroid. In five patients (two men and three women) sicca-treatment was sufficient because the ophthalmopathy improved by therapy of the thyroid disease only. Three women were treated by oral steroids over three months and had a complete remission. Nine women were treated by oral steroids and external radiation, six of them showed major improvement but in one case orbital decompression had to be done. Somatostatin therapy was done over six months in six women who showed no change after oral steroids plus radiation. Out of them five showed major improvement but in spite of a positive octreoscan in one case orbital surgery had to be performed. Two men were treated by oral steroids and external radiation without change of disease, somatostatin therapy was not done because of a negative octreoscan. With the exception of one nonsmoking woman in whom orbital surgery had to be done, the treatment results were worse in smokers.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Endocrine orbitopathy--eye muscule surgery].

Extraocular muscles show a typical involvement in Graves' disease, thus inducing a characteristic pattern of motility disorders and diplopia. Therapy of choice of fibrotic changed muscles is the operation, usually performed by recessions under local or even topical anesthesia.

Graves Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Functional reduction of vision symptomatic of a conversion reaction in paediatric population].

BACKGROUND: First case reports of psychogenic visual disorders date back into the 19th century. Nowadays we speak of functional visual disorders of somatoform origin, a conversion reaction in which neurotic conflicts are solved on somatic level. This is the initial kind of reduction of agitation specially in children. In contrary to malingering and aggravation conversion symptoms are unconscious actions. Besides the problems of numerous specific tests for differential diagnosis between organic and functional disturbances strategies for further management are necessary. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 26 patients at the age of 8 - 17 years with isolated reduction of vision due to conversion reaction were analyzed referring to sex, age, wether one or both eyes were affected, the duration of symptoms, the possible reasons for the conversion reaction and the further management. RESULTS: 75 % of our patients were females, the average was 12 years old, in 50 % we found a bilateral involvement. The main reasons for the conversion reaction were in 30 % interfamiliar problems, in 25 % school problems, 2 cases (4 %) occurred after mild head trauma and in 41 % no reason was found. Treatment consisted in discussions and suggestive therapy - "eyeglasses" and/or "eyedrops" parents were not primarily informed the diagnosis. One to three months later the tests were repeated. 90 % were without symptoms, 10 % needed psychotherapy. CONCLUSION: Apart from comprehensive neuroophthalmologic and orthoptic examination it is important to observe the patient for possible doctor shopping, symptom shift and the rare development of depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Glimepiride (Hoe490) inhibits the rilmakalim induced decrease in intracellular free calcium and contraction of isolated heart muscle cells from guinea pigs to a lesser extent than glibenclamide.

Glibenclamide is a potent inhibitor of the ATP-dependent potassium channel. Opening of the ATP-dependent potassium channel is regarded as a mechanism of ischemic preconditioning. This in vitro study examines the influence of glibenclamide and glimepiride, a new sulfonylurea, on the negative inotropic action of the potassium channel opener rilmakalim in isolated ventricular myocytes. Cardiac myocytes were isolated from adult guinea pig hearts by collagenase perfusion and incubated with rilmakalim (concentration range 0.1-12.0 microM), glibenclamide (concentration range 0.03-3.0 microM) plus rilmakalim (3.0 or 7.5 microM), and glimepiride (0.03-9.0 microM) plus rilmakalim (3.0 or 7.5 microM) and paced by electrical field stimulation. Contractility of the myocytes was evaluated by digital image analysis, intracellular free calcium was determined by means of fura-2 fluorescence measurements, and cell viability was assessed morphologically as well as by measurement of lactate dehydrogenase activity. Rilmakalim reduced the systolic intracellular free calcium and contractility of ventricular myocytes in a concentration dependent manner. This effect was antagonized by glibenclamide at lower concentrations (0.3 microM) than glimepiride (3.0 microM). The smaller antagonistic action of glimepiride on the negative inotropic effect of rilmakalim as compared with glibenclamide most likely reflects a less potent inhibition of ATP-dependent potassium channels by glimepiride.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1996

Relationship of sequence-specific transactivation and p53-regulated apoptosis in interleukin 3-dependent hematopoietic cells.

The p53 tumor suppressor has been implicated in the control of apoptosis in response to various signals, including DNA damage, oncogene activation, and survival factor withdrawal. The p53 protein is a transcription factor capable of sequence-specific transactivation of target genes. The relationship between p53-mediated transactivation and apoptosis was probed in interleukin 3 (IL-3)-dependent DA-1 lymphoma cells. DA-1 cells express endogenous wild-type p53, which is required for the efficient induction of apoptosis by IL-3 deprivation. IL-3 withdrawal caused no detectable increase in p53 and no concomitant activation of p53-responsive promoters. Conversely, high levels of transfected, transcriptionally active p53 did not elicit any apoptosis as long as IL-3 was present; instead, the cells underwent a viable G1 arrest. IL-3 protected DA-1 cells from the apoptotic effect of low doses of radiation. However, higher doses triggered p53-dependent apoptosis, even in the presence of IL-3. Irrespective of their different effects on viability, sublethal and lethal radiation caused a comparable augmentation of p53-dependent transactivation. Lethal radiation induced an initial p53-dependent G1 arrest, but subsequent apoptosis was preceded by cell cycle re-entry. Our data support the conjecture that activities of p53 distinct from specific transcriptional activation may contribute to apoptosis, although activation of genes such as Bax is also likely to play a role.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Involvement of p53 expression in cAMP-mediated apoptosis in immortalized granulosa cells.

In the accompanying paper we described the induction of apoptosis by extended cyclic AMP (cAMP)-mediated signals in primary granulosa cells and the reduction in this process in transformed cells expressing SV40 T antigen. In the present work, we examined the effect of overexpression of either wild-type or mutant p53 on cAMP-mediated apoptosis in steroidogenic granulosa cell lines transfected with SV40 DNA together with the Ha-ras oncogene and a temperature-sensitive variant of p53, p53val135. In cell lines expressing low amounts of T antigen and high amounts of p53val135, growth arrest was induced by transferring the cells from 37.5 degrees to 32 degrees C, a temperature which allows the manifestation of the wild-type phenotype of p53 and the induction of the WAF1 gene. While nonstimulated cells showed only a very modest apoptotic process, rapid and massive apoptosis was evident in cells stimulated by forskolin at 32 degrees C. The presence of serum could delay, but not abolish, this phenomenon. Progesterone production in such cells treated with cAMP was significantly higher at 32 degrees C than at 37.5 degrees C, suggesting that wild-type p53 can also enhance granulosa cell differentiation. Furthermore, at least at early stages, apoptosis is correlated with increased cell differentiation. On the other hand, in lines expressing high amounts of T antigen and low amounts of p53, neither an increase in cAMP-induced differentiation nor massive apoptosis was seen at 32 degrees C. These findings demonstrate that wild-type p53 can cooperate with cAMP-generated signals in the induction of steroidogenesis and of programmed cell death in granulosa cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Normalisation of asymmetric astigmatism after intralesional steroid injection for upper eye lid hemangioma in childhood.

Infantile hemangiomas affect about 5% (3%-8%) of the population, showing a predilection for the face. After a phase of rapid enlargement between the 3rd and the 9th month of life, 70% regress by the age of six after a period of stability. 43%-60% of the children with eye lid hemangiomas develop strabismic, anisometropic, or deprivation amblyopia. Previous studies found the majority of cases resulting from anisometropia (especially asymmetric astigmatism) rather than strabism or occlusion of the visual axis. Several methods of treatment--surgical excision, irradiation, sclerosing agents, systemic steroids, ligation, cryotherapy--have been used but all with a risk of local or systemic complications. Local injections of steroids are a simple method of therapy with a high rate of resolution of hemangiomas, but still with a high degree of bad visual output because of persistent astigmatism. In four children with asymmetric astigmatism (axis of astigmatism towards the hemangioma) in which the injection was given at the beginning of the phase of enlargement, amblyopia could be avoided by preventing corneal steepening from becoming permanent.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1994

[Low-Vision Training For Better Usage of Magnifying Visual Aids].

During 1990-1991 263 low-vision aids were prescribed to visually impaired elderly people. 22% of them did not use their magnifying systems. With the help of a low-vision trainer, who taught them how to use their magnifying system correctly, the failure rate could be remarkably reduced. In 1992, low-vision aids were prescribed to 121 of 158 patients; 110 of these patients had low-vision training. Only 3% of them failed to use the magnifying system.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Therapeutic results obtained from women with functional sterility. Third communication: gonadotrophin therapy (author's transl)].

Gonadotrophin treatment was given to 81 patients with functional sterility. Individualised dosage proved possible, depending on close therapeutic monitoring. General input can be rationalised along with growing experience.--WHO Group I included 7.4 per cent of the patients reviewed. The pregnancy rate of this Group was 83 per cent. WHO Group II included 90.4 per cent. Their pregnancy rate was 37 per cent. Clomiphene failure was recorded from 79 per cent of the patients. The overall pregnancy rate amounted to 39.5 per cent, even with additional presence of tubal and andrological sterility factors. Overstimulation was recordable from 18.5 per cent of the probands. Multiple pregnancy occurred to 9.4 per cent. Rates of abortion could be kept as low as 9.4 per cent by early sick leave and progesterone substitution.--Young age of patient, short time of desire of children, and hypogonadotrophic normoprolactinaemic amenorrhoea proved to be the most favourable set of indications for gonadotrophin therapy.

Adult↗