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Biomedical subjects

S Lofton

Publications and source records attributed to S Lofton.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Lipomatous meningioma--an uncommon tumor with distinct radiographic findings.

A case of lipomatous (lipoblastic) meningioma is described. Atypical radiographic features of low density on computed tomography scanning and high intensity on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging corresponded to the presence of adipose tissue within the tumor. A review of the literature indicates few similar reported cases.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1988

Gliomas of the optic nerve or chiasm. Outcome by patients' age, tumor site, and treatment.

A review of the literature revealed 623 cases of optic gliomas with sufficient information to permit actuarial (life-table) analysis concerning the prognosis of this disease by the patients' age, tumor site, treatment, and presence of concomitant neurofibromatosis or extension into the hypothalamus or ventricle. All of these factors are important. The development of mathematical models led to the conclusion that these tumors, generally regarded histologically as low-grade astrocytomas, actually have a very wide but continuous range of growth rates. Some grow rapidly enough to be explained by simple exponential doubling at a constant rate, but most behave as though their growth decelerates. Decelerating growth rates make comparisons of various groups of patients difficult. No support is found for the classical hypothesis that some may be hamartomas. Inadequately treated gliomas of the optic nerve or chiasm bear about the same poor prognosis. However, tumors of the optic nerve (intracranial as well as intraorbital) have an excellent prognosis following complete surgical excision and only a slightly poorer prognosis following irradiation. About 5% of optic nerve gliomas recur in the chiasm following "complete" intraorbital excision. Patients with neurofibromatosis have about twice the recurrence rate following complete excision of an intraorbital glioma. Optic chiasmal gliomas appear to respond to irradiation with doses above 4500 rads. Patients with neurofibromatosis have about the same prognosis as patients without neurofibromatosis following irradiation of a chiasmal glioma.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1987

Epidemiology of borderline ovarian tumors.

Ovarian tumors of low malignant potential, often termed "borderline tumors," have been defined as those that have some but not all of the morphologic features of malignancy (i.e., they are not invasive). With the use of data obtained by the western Washington population-based Cancer Surveillance System for 1975-83, the incidence of serous and mucinous borderline epithelial ovarian tumors was analyzed, as well as the survival of women who developed them. The incidence of borderline tumors increased with increasing age, although at a pace somewhat slower than that of malignant ovarian tumors. There was an upward trend in the incidence of borderline tumors starting in the late 1970's, a trend not present for malignant tumors. Only 12% of borderline tumors were not confined to the ovary, as opposed to 40% of malignant Grade I and 73% of other malignant ovarian neoplasms. At 5 years following diagnosis, the survival of women with borderline tumors was 93% that of the general female population. This percentage varied little by stage or histologic type. Given the reduced survival of women with these ovarian tumors and the lack of a sharp histologic distinction between borderline and Grade I malignant lesions, it is recommended that borderline ovarian tumors be routinely ascertained by population-based cancer registries.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1986

The epidemiology of sarcomas of the uterus.

Data from nine population-based cancer registries (1973-81) were analyzed to examine the demographic characteristics that are related to the occurrence of sarcomas of the uterus. Leiomyosarcoma and mixed mesodermal sarcoma accounted for 86% of 1,452 uterine sarcomas reported, and both were more common in black women than in white women. The incidence of mixed mesodermal sarcoma was low through middle age, after which it rose sharply. The incidence of uterine leiomyosarcoma, however, was highest in middle-aged women and declined thereafter. The age-incidence pattern of uterine leiomyosarcoma resembles that of carcinomas of the female reproductive tract, unlike the pattern of other uterine sarcomas or sarcomas occurring elsewhere. This suggests that one or more factors that play a role in the etiology of carcinomas of the reproductive tract may be involved in the etiology of this tumor as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Increased insulin binding by lymphocyte receptors induced by beta-OH butyrate.

The serum concentration of ketones increases in both fasting and diabetic ketoacidosis. Whether ketones alter, independent of changes in pH, in number and affinity of insulin receptors is not known. The binding of insulin 125I by 24 X 10(6)IM-9 lymphocyte cells was examined in both the presence and absence of 8 mM beta-OH butyrate. Studies were conducted at multiple concentrations of insulin. A consistent increase of insulin binding was induced by beta-OH butyrate. The mean maximum increase of insulin binding was 35%, which achieved significance at the 1% level.

Acidosis↗