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Biomedical subjects

S Lousley

Publications and source records attributed to S Lousley.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Low-dose guar improves diabetic control.

Twenty diabetic outpatients (12 non-insulin-treated and 8 insulin-treated) were given guar granulate in a dose of 10 g daily for two months in order to study the effect on glycaemic control and lipid levels. Mean glycosylated haemoglobin levels (HbA1c%) fell from 11.1 +/- 2.0% pre-guar to 10.5 +/- 2.2% (P less than 0.001) after one month on guar and to 10.1 +/- 2.3% (P less than 0.0001) after two months. Following discontinuation of guar, HbA1c% rose to 11.1 +/- 2.5% (P less than 0.002). However, there were no significant changes in fasting blood glucose, 1 h postprandial blood glucose following a test meal, 24 h urinary glucose excretion or in lipid levels. Gastrointestinal side effects occurred in 4 patients during treatment with guar. Four patients reduced their dose of insulin and 2 patients reduced their dose of sulphonylurea therapy during this time because of symptoms suggestive of hypoglycaemia. We suggest that the low dose of guar used in this study may help improve glycaemic control in diabetic patients and that this may be achieved with a low incidence of gastrointestinal side effects.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of cholestyramine and probucol in the treatment of familial hypercholesterolaemia.

Twelve patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) who had not achieved satisfactory cholesterol levels on dietary advice alone were treated with cholestyramine for 6 months and probucol for 6 months in a randomised cross-over study to compare the relative effectiveness of the two drugs. Over the 6-month period, mean total cholesterol fell by 16.4% on cholestyramine and 12.7% on probucol. Cholestyramine produced a 17.4% fall in low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, no significant changes in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol or high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, a 21.4% increase in HDL cholesterol subfraction HDL2 and a 24.1% increase in the HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio. Triglyceride levels rose by 29.6% but remained within the normal range. Probucol produced a 11.7% fall in LDL cholesterol, a 9.9% fall in VLDL cholesterol, a 10% fall in total HDL cholesterol, a 37% fall in HDL cholesterol subfraction HDL2 and no change in the HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio. Triglyceride levels fell by 14%. The mean corrected QT interval increased from 0.418 to 0.434 s (P less than 0.01) on probucol but did not change significantly on cholestyramine (from 0.405 to 0.41 s). The two drugs have different metabolic effects on FH. Cholestyramine has a more marked effect on LDL cholesterol, favourably influences the HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio and is therefore considered to be the drug of choice.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1982

Digestible carbohydrate--an independent effect on diabetic control in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients?

Many studies have shown high carbohydrate, high fibre diets to benefit diabetic control, the improvement being attributed mainly to an effect of fibre. This study investigated the possible beneficial effects of the digestible carbohydrate component. A diet rich in carbohydrate was compared with a traditional low carbohydrate diet in 10 Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients, using a crossover design; both diets contained less than 20 g dietary fibre/day. During 24-h metabolic profiles carried out after 4 weeks on each diet, the mean basal plasma glucose (mean of 03.00, 05.00 and 07.00 h values) was 5.3 mmol/l on the high carbohydrate diet and 5.9 mmol/l on the low carbohydrate diet (p less than 0.05), despite the 2-h post-prandial glucose (mean of three main meals) being higher on the high carbohydrate diet than on the low carbohydrate diet (8.7 versus 7.3 mmol/l, p less than 0.01). Overall diabetic control was the same throughout the study, as judged by a mean 24-h plasma glucose of 6.7 mmol/l on the high carbohydrate and 6.6 mmol/l on the low carbohydrate diet, and haemoglobin A1c percentage of 8.3 on both diets. Mean cholesterol was 4.55 mmol/l on both diets and fasting plasma triglyceride was 2.83 mmol/l on the high carbohydrate and 2.55 mmol/l on the low carbohydrate diet (p = NS). These results indicate that a diet rich in carbohydrate, but restricted in fibre, does not cause overall deterioration of diabetic control or lipid metabolism in stable Type 2 diabetic patients, and suggest that digestible carbohydrate has an effect on basal blood glucose independent of fibre.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

A high carbohydrate leguminous fibre diet improves all aspects of diabetic control.

In a randomised cross-over study 18 nondependent (NIDDM) and 9 insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetics were put on to a high carbohydrate diet containing leguminous fibre (HL) for 6 weeks, and also a standard low carbohydrate diet (LC) for 6 weeks. During two identical 24 h metabolic profiles mean preprandial and mean 2 hour postprandial blood glucoses were significantly lower on HL in both groups, as were also several overall measures of diabetic control, including the degree of glycosuria. Total cholesterol was reduced significantly on HL in both groups, and the HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio increased significantly on HL in the NIDDM group. A diet high in complex carbohydrate and leguminous fibre improves all aspects of diabetic control, and continued use of a low carbohydrate diet no longer appears justified.

Adult↗