PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Lundeberg

Publications and source records attributed to S Lundeberg.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Comparison of the analgesic efficacy of ketobemidone and morphine for management of postoperative pain in children: a randomized, controlled study.

BACKGROUND: Ketobemidone has been used as an analgesic for postoperative pain in children, but to our knowledge the effect and occurrence of adverse effects of ketobemidone compared to morphine is not known. The aim was to determine if the analgesic potency and the occurrence of adverse effects of ketobemidone differ from morphine when administered to children, as measured by patient-controlled analgesia consumption (PCA) for postoperative pain. METHODS: Sixty healthy children, aged 6 to 16 years, scheduled for elective surgery were randomized to receive either ketobemidone (Ke) 1 mg ml(-1) or morphine (Mo) 1 mg ml(-1) for postoperative pain through PCA. Drug consumption (microg kg(-1) h(-1)), the number of PCA doses, pain intensity, and adverse effects were recorded at regular intervals. RESULTS: Data on total drug consumption were based on 26 children in the Ke group and 28 in the Mo group. A non-statistically significant difference for total mean consumption of ketobemidone (18.6 microg kg(-1)h(-1)) and morphine (23.2 microg kg(-1)h(-1)) was obtained. The mean dose ratio (Mo/Ke) was 0.80 and the median was 0.94. Children's characteristics, loading dose, PCA doses, VAS scores, and adverse effects showed no significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: The analgesic potency and adverse effects of ketobemidone are similar to morphine when used for postoperative pain management in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Retrospective evaluation of continuous epidural infusion for postoperative pain in children.

BACKGROUND: The safety and efficacy of postoperative epidural analgesia (EDA) in children are not well documented in larger series of patients given routine postoperative care. The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of pain relief, determine the incidence and type of complications during the entire period of epidural pain treatment in children, and assess the factors affecting efficacy METHODS: Children treated postoperatively with an EDA infusion during the period 18 September 1994 to 1 January 1999 were studied. Data regarding the age, gender, efficacy of analgesia, duration of epidural infusion, types of side-effects and complications, reasons for discontinuation, and types and duration of surgery were collected daily by the Acute Pain Treatment Service. The sensory dermatomal level of the surgical incision site was included retrospectively. RESULTS: Five hundred and eighteen epidural infusions were given to 476 children. Pain relief was rated as 'good' at 76% of visits. There were no major complications or sequelae. Thirty-seven per cent of the epidural infusions were prematurely discontinued, and 21% were discontinued because of unsatisfactory analgesia. Factors related to a higher percentage of unsatisfactory function were surgical incision site located above the umbilicus, gastroenterologic surgery, protracted surgery and age. Age and duration of surgery were significantly related to unsatisfactory function. CONCLUSION: This study shows that continuous epidural infusion for postoperative pain was satisfactory in most cases, and that no major side-effects or complications occurred in children nursed on regular wards. The early recognition of unsatisfactory function of an EDA is important for a child's well being.

Analgesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1999

Effects of intrathecal galanin on nociceptive responses in rats with mononeuropathy.

The present study was performed on rats with experimental mononeuropathy induced by left common sciatic nerve loose ligation. Unilateral sciatic nerve loose ligation induced decreases of the hindpaw withdrawal latency to the hot-plate test, cold-plate test and the Randall Selitto test. Sciatic nerve loose ligation induced hyperesponsiveness to touch at room temperature also. Intrathecal administration of either 3 or 6 nmol of galanin, but not 1 nmol, induced significant bilateral increases in hindpaw withdrawal latencies to the hot-plate test, cold-plate test and the Randall Selitto tests in rats with left mononeuropathy. The results indicate that galanin may play important roles in transmission of presumed nociceptive information in the spinal cord of mononeuropathic rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide-(8-37) on withdrawal responses in rats with inflammation.

The present study was performed to explore the effect of subcutaneous injection of carrageenan into the rat plantar region on hindpaw edema formation and the latency of hindpaw withdrawal to presumed nociceptive stimulation. Subcutaneous injection of carrageenan into the left hindpaw induced a significant increase in the volume of the left hindpaw, leaving the right side unaffected. In addition, we found a bilateral decrease in hindpaw withdrawal latency to heat and mechanical, but not to cold stimulation. The decreased bilateral hindpaw withdrawal latency to heat stimulation lasted for 14 days after carrageenan injection. The decreased bilateral hindpaw withdrawal latency to mechanical stimulation lasted for 2 days after the injection, then reversed and increased from day 3 to 14. Intrathecal injection of either 10 nmol of calcitonin gene-related peptide 8-37 or 26.6 nmol of morphine induced significant bilateral increases in hindpaw withdrawal latency, which were more pronounced with the morphine. The results show that experimentally induced unilateral hindpaw inflammation induces a bilateral decrease in hindpaw withdrawal latencies to presumed nociceptive stimulation while the sensory systems for heat and mechanical stimulation were differently affected after carrageenan injection.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed1996

Rectal administration of morphine in children. Pharmacokinetic evaluation after a single-dose.

BACKGROUND: There is limited knowledge about the pharmacokinetics of morphine and its metabolites after rectal administration in children. In this study the pharmacokinetics of two different rectal formulations of morphine were examined and compared with intravenous morphine. METHODS: Children undergoing elective surgery received rectal morphine 0.2 mg/kg before start of surgery. Ten children (mean age 14 months) received morphine rectally in a hydrogel formulation and another 10 children (mean age 16 months) received morphine rectally in a parenteral formulation. For comparison, 6 children (mean age 21 months) were given the same dose intravenously. The plasma concentrations of morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) were measured by HPLC over 6 h after drug administration. RESULTS: The mean rectal bioavailability of morphine was 35% (range 18-59) after hydrogel administration and 27% (range 6-93) after the solution. Mean values of Cmax were 76 nmol/l (25-129) and 56 nmol/1 (15-140), respectively. The results showed that morphine gel had a significantly higher bioavailability (P < 0.02) than the solution. The ratios of plasma (M3G + M6G) to morphine were higher after rectal administration (mean 7.5-8.7) than after i.v. injection (mean 5.3), indicating the presence of first-pass metabolism using the rectal route. CONCLUSIONS: The rectal morphine hydrogel has pharmacokinetic properties which makes it a useful formulation for premedication and pain alleviation in paediatric patients.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed1991

Growth hormone improves muscle protein metabolism and whole body nitrogen economy in man during a hyponitrogenous diet.

Healthy male volunteers (n = 12) were given a normocaloric hyponitrogenous diet for a conditioning period of 7 days. Thereafter they were blindly randomized to receive daily injections of methionyl recombinant human growth hormone (met-hGH) 0.06 IU/kg or saline during a second week of hyponitrogenous nutrition. The met-hGH group showed a lower urinary urea excretion and a lower serum concentration of urea as compared with the control group. In skeletal muscle, the polyribosome concentration, indicative of muscle protein synthesis, as well as the concentrations of glutamine, alanine, aspartate, serine, and threonine, decreased in the control group, whereas no such changes were seen in the met-hGH-treated group. Since provision of met-hGH prevented protein catabolism in muscle and improved whole body nitrogen economy, investigations of the possible beneficial effects of met-hGH to prevent skeletal muscle vast after surgical trauma are advocated.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1991

Interaction of diazepam and naloxone on acupuncture induced pain relief.

We have studied if 2 Hz electroacupuncture alleviates chronic nociceptive pain and if so whether the alleviation was related to the release of endogenous opioids. Thirty-two patients suffering from osteoarthritis were subjected to electroacupuncture, with or without pretreatment with naloxone or diazepam. The effect of the different experimental procedures was assessed using scales for the intensity (sensory component) and unpleasantness (affective component) of pain. Electroacupuncture induced a significant alleviation of pain. This alleviation was more significant on the affective scales (p less than 0.01) than on the sensory scales (p less than 0.05). After pretreatment with diazepam or naloxone, the subsequent pain alleviating effect was reduced. These data indicate that acupuncture induced analgesia may partly be mediated through endogenous opioids which are affected by pretreatment with diazepam or naloxone.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1989

Acupuncture and sensory thresholds.

The effect of acupuncture on sensory thresholds was studied in 6 healthy subjects. The modes of acupuncture studied were: 1. manual stimulation, 2. electrical stimulation at 2 Hz, 3. electrical stimulation at 80 Hz. Superfiscial-acupuncture was used as placebo. Insertions of needles or application of electrodes were bilateral, at St 7 (intrasegmental) or Li 4 (extrasegmental). The study showed that manual or electro-acupuncture were effective when used intrasegmentally, raising pain threshold values 1.1 to 1.4 times that prior to stimulation. The pain threshold elevation obtained was not significantly related to plasma levels of beta-endorphin, ACTH or prolactin. Other sensory thresholds, thermal, vibrotactile and electrotactile were unaffected by such conditioned stimulation. Superfiscial-acupuncture had no significant effect on the sensory thresholds tested.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗