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Biomedical subjects

S Lundstam

Publications and source records attributed to S Lundstam.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effects of free radical scavengers on renal circulation after ischaemia in the rabbit.

The intrarenal erythrocyte distribution, total renal blood flow and renal vascular resistance were studied before and during recirculation after 60 min of warm ischaemia in three groups of rabbits. One group was pretreated with superoxide dismutase, another with catalase and the third group was not pretreated at all. In non-pretreated ischaemic kidneys there was a significant trapping of labelled erythrocytes in the outer stripe of the medulla. This trapping was not seen in non-ischaemic control kidneys and was completely prevented by pretreatment with either superoxide dismutase or catalase. In non-pretreated ischaemic kidneys there was a transient increase in total renal blood flow during the first 5 min of recirculation, after which it returned to preischaemic values. After pretreatment with catalase the postischaemic increase in blood flow was more pronounced but again the blood flow returned to preischaemic values within 30 min. Pretreatment with superoxide dismutase resulted in a rapid postischaemic increase in blood flow which remained high throughout the 30 min period studied. The renal vascular resistance decreased initially during recirculation after ischaemia in both pretreated and non-pretreated kidneys. In the latter it returned to pre-ischaemic values within 10 min whereas a slower increase was observed after catalase pretreatment. After pretreatment with superoxide dismutase the resistance remained low during the 30 min recorded.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Metabolism in the hypothermically perfused kidney: utilization of mevalonate in the human and in the dog kidney.

The metabolism of mevalonate was studied in 6 dog kidneys and in 5 human tumour-involved kidneys during 6 days of hypothermic perfusion. 14C-mevalonate in the perfusate decreased and was incorporated into the total lipid fraction of the cortex in both human and dog kidneys. 80% of the incorporated radioactivity was found in the non-saponifiable lipids and after separation of that lipid fraction the radioactivity was recovered in cholesterol as well as in the cholesterol precursors lanosterol and squalene. Only very low levels of radioactivity were recovered in the tumour lipids. It is concluded that the kidney utilizes mevalonate for cholesterol synthesis during hypothermic perfusion and that addition of mevalonate may be of importance for preserving the membrane stability. Furthermore, it is suggested that hypothermic perfusion has a more deteriorating effect on the viability of the tumour tissue when compared to normal renal parenchyma.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Postoperative wound infections in patients with long preoperative hospital stay.

In a prospective study of 1243 operations the rate of postoperative wound sepsis was 9.3%. Factors associated with high infection rate were high age, emergency operations, long duration of surgical procedure, potentially contaminated and contaminated operations, diabetes and treatment with steroids. The frequency of wound sepsis was also increased in patients with long preoperative hospital stay or 12.5% as compared to 4.5% in patients with a preoperative stay of one day. Among patients with long preoperative hospitalization, high age, long operative procedures, contaminated operations and treatment with steroids were significantly more common. 85% of the patients with long preoperative hospital stay and wound infection had three or more other factors associated with increased frequency of wound sepsis. No patient had long preoperative hospital stay as the only factor associated with high rate of wound infection. These data indicate that long preoperative hospitalization is not in itself a causative factor in wound infections, but might be related to other factors associated with increased likelihood of wound sepsis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Percutaneous drainage of intraabdominal fluid collections.

Nine cases of percutaneous drainage of intraabdominal fluid collections in eight patients are reported. Ultrasonography and conventional radiography was utilized to make the diagnosis and to plan and perform puncture and drainage. In one case of subhepatic abscess only punction and aspiration was performed. In all other cases draining catheters were left between 3 and 21 days. Except in one case which later proved to be a cystic adenopapillary carcinoma of the kidney the results were good.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Metabolic and circulatory aspects of hypothermic perfusion of human kidney cancers].

In this study a report is made on the hypothermal perfusion of 15 renal tumours. Protein synthesis by incorporation of 14C leucine, lipide synthesis by conversion of 14C mevalonic acid and the activity of the sodium-potassium pump by incubation of sections of tissue were used as parameters of the vitality of the tissue. Circulation was studied before and after perfusion by means of angiography and the microsphere technique. After 6 days of perfusion the tumour tissue is found to be less vital in comparison with the renal cortex.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed1980

Postoperative wound infections--a prospective study in a newly opened hospital.

The rate of postoperative wound infections was determined in a prospective study during one year in a newly opened University hospital. Protocols which were part of the routine care of the patients were used for recording of wound infections. This method of registration was simple and proved to be efficient with a failure rate of only 1%. The overall infection rate was 9%--after clean surgery 2.6%, potentially contaminated surgery 14% and contaminated surgery 16%. Old age, long preoperative hospital stay, emergency operations and long operative times were associated with high frequency of wound infections. The importance of continuous recording of wound infections in a surgical unit was emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Metabolism in hypothermically perfused human kidney carcinoma: utilization and production of amino acids and glucose.

The metabolism of human kidney carcinoma was studied during hypothermic perfusion. Ten kidneys with carcinomas of different size were perfused in a Gambro perfusion machine for 6 days at +8 degrees C to +10 degrees C. The tumourous kidneys were allocated to one of two groups depending on the relative size of the tumour. Tumours occupying more than 40% of the total kidney volume were designated as "large tumours" and tumours occupying less than 40% as "small tumours". The net glucose uptake was greater during perfusion of kidneys with large tumours than during perfusion of kidneys with small tumours. A lower gluconeogenesis was found in kidneys with large tumours compared to perfusion of kidneys with small tumours and this could explain a large part of the difference in net glucse uptake. The uptake of fatty acids per unit kidney weight was lower during perfusion of kidneys with large tumours. A considerable uptake and release of amino acids were found in both groups. The uptake of proline, aspartate, glycine, and arginine as well as the release of alanine and serine was lower during perfusion of kidneys with large tumours. The nitrogen balance was negative in both groups, with a net release of amino acids to the perfusate. The results suggest a higher glucose uptake, a lower gluconeogenesis, a lower fatty acid uptake and a decreased metabolization of amino acids in the tumour compared to the renal tissue. The model appears promising for studies of human kidney carcinomas at various experimental conditions.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Metabolism in hypothermically perfused human kidney carcinoma: incorporation rate of leucine into proteins.

Protein synthesis in tumour-involved human kidneys was studied before, during and after hypothermic perfusion. Before and after perfusion the incorporation rate of leucine into tumour and kidney cortex proteins was determined by incubation of tissue slices at 37 degrees C. During perfusion the incorporation of leucine from the perfusate into tumour and kidney cortex proteins was determined. Before hypothermic perfusion the incorporation rate of leucine into proteins at 37 degrees C was almost the same in kidney cortex and tumour. Leucine was incorporated linearly with time into kidney cortex and tumour proteins during hypothermic perfusion but the incorporation rate was 3-4 times higher into kidney cortex proteins than into tumour proteins. After 6 days of hypothermic perfusion the leucine incorporation rate into proteins at 37 degrees C was depressed by 50% in kidney cortex and by 90% in tumour tissue. The specific activity of leucine in the perfusate decreased during the perfusion period indicating a release of leucine from degradation of proteins. It is concluded that the effect of hypothermic perfusion on protein synthesis was more pronounced in the tumour than in the normal renal parenchyma.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

A ten-year material of insulinoma: diagnosis and surgical treatment.

A 10-year series of patients operated for insulinoma at Sahlgren's Hospital, Gothenburg, is presented. Twelve patients (three men, nine women) aged 26--70 years are included in the material. The patients had a history of recurrent hypoglycemic symptoms of 1 month to 20 years. Hyperinsulinism was established by determinations of blood glucose and plasma insulin in the fasting state. Selective angiography could show the tumor in 3 out of the 12 patients. A through pancreatic mobilization and palpation was performed during operation. Solitary pancreatic tumor was found in 10 patients, and 1 of them had also metastases in the liver. One patient had two tumors, one in the head and one in the tail of the pancreas. In one patient it was not possible to find any tumor at operation. Distal pancreatic resection and splenectomy were performed when the tumor was localized in the body or tail or when no tumor was found. Tumours in the head were excised locally. Microscopy showed insulinoma without malignancy in 10 patients, malignant tumor in insulae with metastases in the liver in 1 patient, and multiple adenomatosis of insulae in the patient without any palpable tumor. The 11 patients with benign disease were examined 1--10 years after the operation and had no signs of hyperinsulinism or of diabetes.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1977

Metabolism in the hypothermically perfused dog kidney. Utilization and production of amino acids.

The uptake and utilization of amino acids in dog kidneys during hypothermic perfusion were studied. 21 kidneys were perfused in a Gambro perfusion machine for 6 days with perfusates based on human albumin with and without addition of 17 L-amino acids. Net glucose uptake by the kidney was lower during perfusion with amino acids in the perfusate than during perfusion without amino acids. A decrease in specific activity of labelled glucose was found during perfusion with amino acids in the perfusate indicating a considerable gluconeogenesis which could explain the difference in net glucose uptake. A higher uptake of fatty acids by the kidney was found during perfusion with amino acids in the perfusate than during perfusion without amino acids. In perfusion without amino acids the concentration in the perfusate of almost all amino acids and ammonia increased and thus a net release of nitrogen was found indicating degradation of protein. In perfusion with amino acids in the perfusate a considerable uptake and release of amino acids by the kidney were found. The most pronounced uptake was registered for glutamine, proline and glycine. The most pronounced release was registered for glutamate, alanine and ammonia. During perfusion with amino acids in the medium, the uptake and release of nitrogen were balanced as distinguished from perfusion without amino acids in the perfusate.

Alanine↗
PubMed1977

Metabolism in the hypothermically perfused dog kidney. Incorporation rate of leucine and threonine into proteins.

The incorporation of [14C]leucine and [14C]threonine into kidney cortex proteins was studied during 6 days' hypothermic perfusion of dog kidneys at 8-10 degrees C and during in vitro incubation of dog kidney cortex slices at 37 degrees C. Leucine carbon was incorporated into proteins at a higher rate than threonine carbon both during in vitro incubation of kidney cortex slices and during hypothermic kidney perfusion. The incorporation of leucine and threonine during hypothermic perfusion was linear for 6 days but 50-100 times lower than the incorporation of leucine and threonine in kidney cortex slices at 37 degrees C. During hypothermic perfusion there was a decrease in specific activity of leucine and threonine in the perfusate corresponding to a degradation of proteins which was greater than protein synthesis as calculated from the incorporation of label into proteins. Leucine carbon was recovered in CO2 during hypothermic perfusion and in vitro incubation of kidney cortex slices at 37 degrees C. The incorporation of threonine carbon into CO2 was about 10% of the corresponding value for leucine both during hypothermic kidney perfusion and during in vitro incubation of kidney cortex slices at 37 degrees C. It is concluded that there is a turnover of kidney proteins during hypothermic perfusion with a perfusate containing amino acids.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1977

Transmembrane fluxes of potassium in dog kidney slices. A quantitation of the effect of warm ischemia.

The effect of warm ischemia on the transmembrane transport of potassium in dog kidney slices was studied by measurement of the uptake of 42K. The requirement for steady-state conditions concerning the intracellular potassium concentration was thereby studied. The total potassium content in the slices was found to be constant between 120 and 180 min incubation at both 25 and 37 degrees C. The cell water calculated from the total tissue water and 14C-inulin space in the dog kidney slices amounted to 38 ml-100 g wet weight-1 at 37 degrees C and 45 ml-100 g wet weight-1 at 25 degrees C and was found to remain constant for the incubation interval 120--180 min. The major part of the tissue uptake of 42K could be described by one single mono-exponential function under these conditions. The transmembrane influx at 37 degrees C calculated by using a modified Keynes formula amounted to 1.70 mmol K+-kg wet weight-1-min-1 after no warm ischemia and to 0.89 mmol K+-kg wet weight-1-min-1 after 2 h warm ischemia. The corresponding values for incubation at 25 degrees C were 1.26 and 0.77 mmol K+-kg wet weight-1-min-1, respectively. In the slices incubated at 25 degrees C, the potassium content was higher and the sodium content lower than in slices incubated at 37 degrees C.

Animals↗