Biomedical subjects
S Lyager
Publications and source records attributed to S Lyager.
[Smoking habits of medical students. Smoking habits of Danish medical students and their knowledge about and attitudes to the tobacco problem].
In 1987, 74 Danish first-year and 90 final-year medical students from Aarhus University participated in a global questionnaire investigation concerning the smoking habits of medical students and their attitudes to the tobacco problem. This investigation was initiated by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. In order to observe particular characteristics or unexpected findings, the Danish percentage replies were calculated and compared with corresponding average figures for the other European medical students and Danish doctors and the normal population. A statistically significant difference was demonstrated in a single instance only: the proportion of smokers among Danish final-year female medical students in the last term was considerably higher than among junior doctors. Strikingly few Danish medical students towards the end of their curriculum considered smoking the main cause of coronary disease but problems in translation were possibly involved here. Unless a concrete reason was present, Danish medical students were very reticent concerning discussion of the injurious effects of smoking with patients. A possible reason for this was that only one fourth of the Danish final-year students considered that their present knowledge formed an adequate basis for patient counselling.
[Lung mechanics evaluated by an Airflometer].
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Can postoperative pulmonary conditions be improved by treatment with the Bartlett-Edwards incentive spirometer after upper abdominal surgery?
During the immediate postoperative course after upper abdominal surgery, pulmonary complications often occur, caused, inter alia, by reduced regional ventilation and by atelectases as a result of: (1) narrowing of the small peripheral bronchi, and (2) impaired respiratory function. Based on these pathophysiological mechanisms, an instrument (Bartlett-Edwards Incentive Spirometer) has been devised, which aims at giving the patient an opportunity of sustained maximal inspiration under standardized and controlled conditions. The use of this instrument has been followed by reports of a considerable reduction in postoperative pulmonary complications. In a controlled clinical investigation of the pre- and postoperative condition of the lungs, we were unable to show any beneficial effect of the instrument. In general, we have a low frequency of severe postoperative pulmonary complications, as compared with the results reported in the literature. We ascribe this to our very effective pre- and postoperative respiratory therapy.
Lung function and morphology after hemorrhagic shock, soft tissue trauma and regional ischemia in dogs.
Among 40 dogs submitted to 1 of 3 experimental shock procedures: hemorrhagic shock, soft tissue trauma or regional ischemia, 24 dogs fulfilled the criteria of irreversible shock, based on survival or characteristic hemodynamic and metabolic changes. The 24 dogs were studied by measurements of lung function and hemodynamics. During the shock period no impairment of lung function was observed. The pulmonary shunting ratio fell and pulmonary vascular resistance increased. The macroscopical aspect of the lungs did not differ from that of 10 control dogs. The microscopical examination of the lungs, performed after infusion fixation, revealed only a higher granulocyte infiltration in traumatic shock and more severe congestion in hemorrhagic shock.
Absence of major morphological and functional lung changes during experimental hemorrhagic shock.
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