PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S M Bergman

Publications and source records attributed to S M Bergman.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Tetrodotoxin protects against acute ischemic renal failure in the rat.

Tetrodotoxin has been reported to cause prolonged systemic hypotension without resultant ischemic damage. We tested its ability to protect the kidney during 60 minutes of warm ischemia in uninephrectomized rats. Protection was observed when tetrodotoxin was given intravenously at two microgram./kg. and four microgram./kg. as assessed by serial plasma blood urea nitrogen and creatinine measurements over two weeks. Tetrodotoxin was protective when given immediately before or immediately after the ischemic period. The renal protection of tetrodotoxin was not due to its effects on renal nerves as renal denervation did not protect the kidney from the ischemic damage. The renal protective effects of four microgram. tetrodotoxin/kg. were similar to those of four mg. captopril/kg. but the combination of the two was paradoxically without effect. We tested whether tetrodotoxin and captopril chemically antagonized each other, but in the presence of tetrodotoxin, captopril was still a potent inhibitor of the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. These results indicate that tetrodotoxin could be useful in elucidating the sequence of events associated with ischemic-reperfusion renal injury and in identifying ways of preserving renal function during renal surgery.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1990

Ureteral obstruction due to blood clot following percutaneous renal biopsy: resolution with intraureteral streptokinase.

The nonsurgical approach to unilateral ureteral obstruction due to impaction of a blood clot is described. A patient with the nephrotic syndrome secondary to minimal change disease had gross hematuria and acute renal failure following percutaneous renal biopsy. After he responded to prednisone therapy, clot obstruction developed at the site of the percutaneous biopsied kidney, which was treated with intracaliceal infusion of streptokinase via a ureteral catheter. Complete resolution of the clot and the urinary tract obstruction was accomplished within 3 days. This approach appears to be the treatment of choice in upper urinary tract obstruction secondary to blood clots when simple ureteral catheter drainage is ineffective.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Vitamin-A-induced hypercalcemia: response to corticosteroids.

Hypercalcemia caused by vitamin A toxicity and its prompt response to prednisone is described. Diagnosis was difficult in this 16-year-old patient because she denied recent ingestion of vitamin A and was thought to be bulimic. Intravenous fluids and loop diuretics lowered the serum calcium and ameliorated the symptoms of nausea and vomiting temporarily. During the 10 days of this therapy the serum calcium never fell below 11.5 mg/dl. Oral prednisone was then started and produced a prompt and lasting reduction of the serum calcium to normal. Physicians should be aware of this complication in teenagers who use vitamin A for cosmetic purposes and in patients who habitually overuse vitamin preparations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Renal disease and syphilis: a report of nephrotic syndrome with minimal change disease.

A case of nephrotic syndrome and acute renal failure in a 74-year-old man with latent syphilis is described. A renal biopsy demonstrated focal global sclerosis in three of nine glomeruli, however, the remaining glomeruli revealed typical lesions of minimal change disease. Previous reports of renal involvement in syphilis have described membranous glomerulonephritis, mesangial and endothelial cell proliferative glomerulonephritis, and, recently, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The proteinuria and renal failure resolved after penicillin therapy alone. This response strongly suggested that there was a causal relationship between the syphilis and the nephrotic syndrome. This is the first report of such a relationship.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1980

Expression of A and B tissue isoantigens in benign and malignant lesions of the breast.

AB isoantigens are widely distributed in human tissues and loss of AB isoantigen expression has been shown to be an early marker for carcinomatous transformation in some tissues. We therefore applied the Specific Red Cell Adherence Reaction (SRCA) for detection and localization of AB isoantigens in tissue to the study of benign and malignant proliferative lesions of the breast. Twenty-nine lesions in 19 patients were studied. AB isoantigen expression in normal breast tissue was found to be largely confined to the mammary duct system. Loss of AB isoantigen expression was a consistent feature of intraductal carcinoma (3 of 3 cases). Proliferative lesions associated with fibrocystic disease also demonstrated varying degrees of isoantigen loss (simple cystic disease, 3 of 8 cases; intraductal hyperplasia, 6 of 7 cases; sclerosing adenosis, 4 of 4 cases; and intraductal papillomatosis, 7 of 7 cases negative for isoantigen). In contrast to other systems, loss of AB isoantigen expression in the breast appears to be a consistent marker of apparently benign proliferative duct lesions associated with fibrocystic disease, as well as duct carcinoma. The early loss of AB isoantigen expression in these histologically benign lesions supports a possible link between fibrocystic disease and mammary carcinoma. In contrast to other tissues, loss of AB isoantigen expression in proliferative breast lesions is not necessarily evidence of malignancy.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1979

Urinary tract obstruction secondary to cerebrospinal fluid cysts.

Bilateral hydroureteronephrosis secondary to mechanical kinking of the ureteral-conduit anastomosis or ureteral compression caused by a large intra-abdominal cerebrospinal fluid cyst should be considered in patients who have ventriculoperitoneal shunts, abdominal ascites, and deteriorating upper tracts. Therapy directed at correction of the cerebrospinal fluid cyst should be sufficient to correct the urologic dysfunction.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

Abnormal seminiferous tubule cells associated with choriocarcinoma: immunoperoxidase study.

A case is presented of widely metastatic choriocarinoma, associated with an intratubular proliferation of atypical germ cells in the testis and a minute adult cystic teratoma. Immunoperoxidase study of the intratubular germ cells did not confirm their trophoblastic origin. Intratubular proliferation of undifferentiated germ cells may be associated with choriocarcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Correlation of the cell surface antigens with stage and grade in cancer of the bladder.

We examined 76 bladder tumors of various stages and grades for the presence of the ABO (H) cell surface antigen, using the specific red cell adherence technique. Of the grade I lesions studied 70 per cent were positive for the cell surface antigen and none of the 26 grade III tumors retained the antigens. When correlated with clinical stage the tumors showed no antigens for those of stages B1 to D, while 12 of 16 stage A lesions were positive for the antigen. When stage A lesions were studied and the findings were correlated with recurrence and metastasis/invasion rates the cell surface antigen was present on the initial tumor in only 1 lesion that recurred at an invasive stage. The findings of this study show that the specific red cell adherence technique may be valuable for predicting malignant potential in low grade, low stage cancer of the bladder. If supported by further investigation this technique may offer the capability of selecting low grade, low stage bladder tumors that are destined to invade or metastasize while they are at curable stages.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1978

Complication with mechanical stapling device in creation of ileoconduit.

Of 296 patients with pelvic malignancy and ileal urinary conduits, urinary tract calculi developed in 14. Calculi which ordinarily require surgical intervention because of their size may pass spontaneously in patients with ileoconduits because of the presence of a chronically dilated colllecting system and the surgical elimination of three of the four sites of stone impaction (pelvic brim, ureterovesical junction, and ureteral orifice). In 1 patient multiple calculi developed around the surgical staples used to create the proximal end of the ileal conduit. We recommend that autosuture with stapling devices not be used to create the proximal end of an ileal urinary conduit.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Postoperative management of patients with pheochromocytoma.

The optimal preoperative and postoperative management of patients with pheochromocytoma demands a multidisciplinary approach. We report on 5 recent patients to illustrate the large volumes of fluid needed in the early postoperative period. This large fluid requirement is owing to a combination of a change in vascular compliance after excision of a pheochromocytoma, the residual effects of specific preoperative medications (phenoxybenzamine and alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine) and the loss of fluid into the retroperitoneal compartment (third space) produced by extensive dissection. It takes 3 half-lives (36 hours) to dissipate the effects of phenoxybenzamine and alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, which corresponds to the time in which these patients require large volumes of intravenous fluids.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Block copolyurethanes in the urinary system.

Free floating segments of block copolyurethane were implanted into rat bladders and compared with similar implants of silicone rubber. This urethane was far superior to silicone rubber in its ability to withstand incrustation in the rat bladder. Ten dogs had a segment of right ureter replaced by a tubular segment of smooth (or film) urethane and were followed with intravenous urography. At 1 month, eight of 10 dogs had right hydronephrosis. At the time of sacrifice (4 or 8 months) seven dogs had reduced hydronephrosis, and in three dogs intravenous urography was unsatisfactory for grading. Only two of the ten dogs had significant urinary infection. A smooth protein-like coasting appeared along the lumen of the graft, incrustation was minimal, and new mucosa and smooth muscle regeneration was seen. This material was well tolerated in the urinary tracts of dogs and rats.

Animals↗