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Biomedical subjects

S M Gelbart

Publications and source records attributed to S M Gelbart.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Vibrio cholerae non-01 cellulitis.

A 46-year-old man presented with pain and fever and a postphlebitic ulcer on his left leg. The wound was suppurative and open at the margins, but there was little underlying fasciitis and no apparent muscle or blood vessel involvement. Three separate wound cultures were obtained at two-day intervals, and all showed only Vibrio cholerae non-01. The patient was successfully treated with cefazolin sodium. This marks the second documented case of V cholerae non-01 type alone as a causative agent of cellulitis, and the first case where no saltwater origin could be demonstrated.

Cefazolin↗
PubMed1985

A case report: Aeromonas sobria gastroenteritis in an adult.

Aeromonas sobria, a member of the Aeromonas hydrophila group, recently has been recognized as a gastrointestinal pathogen in adults. There have been a few documented cases, and these have come from far eastern countries, namely India, Thailand, and Indonesia. The authors have isolated a strain of A. sobria from a 62-year-old male patient suffering from diarrheal disease. He had no history of travel outside of the United States for several decades. He presented with a severe diarrheal disease that closely mimicked cholera, producing large quantities of green "rice water" stool. He was severely dehydrated and was in electrolyte imbalance. No other enteric pathogen could be detected. The organism presumptively was identified as Vibrio cholera (81.5% probability) by the Micro Scan system, but later was identified definitively as A. sobria using the API 20E and ZYM systems. Cell-free extract of this strain contained hemolysins, proteolytic enzymes, and enterotoxin. The strain closely fits the description of Burke and associates (J Clin Microbiol 1982; 15:48-52) for their group A, type 1 (VP positive, arabinose negative, enterotoxin producer). The patient was treated with tetracycline and recovered.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1980

Mutagenic urine in cirrhosis.

Multiple samples of daytime urine from 5 non-smoking patients with cirrhosis, 12 healthy smokers, and 15 healthy non-smokers were collected and analysed for mutagens by the Ames salmonella microsome assay. All 12 samples collected from the 5 cirrhotic patients were mutagenic. 16 of the 17 samples collected from the smokers were mutagenic, while only 2 of the 24 samples from the non-smokers were mutagenic. The discovery of mutagens in the urine of non-smoking patients with cirrhosis is new.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1978

Catheter infection factors affecting total parenteral nutrition.

During the five-year interval from January 1, 1971 to January 1, 1976 118 seriously ill adults received 2916 patient days of TPN therapy with an average infection rate of 7.6%. All patients received the benefit of a well-defined TPN catheter care protocol which emphasized regular (every 48 hours) catheter dressing changes. The lowest risk of infection, 2.7%, was seen in 73 patients who received an amino acid-glucose solution through a silicone elastomer catheter protected by an iodophor dressing. When catheter-related sepsis occurred, Staphlylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were the most common organisms cultured.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Pseudomonas cepacia strains isolated from water reservoirs of unheated nebulizers.

Pseudomonas cepacia strains were isolated from the water reservoirs of unheated nebulizers in a hospital setting. The isolates were characterized by morphology, biochemical tests, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns. An interesting feature of these organisms was their capacity for sustained multiplication in either doubly deionized or doubly distilled water as well as 5% dextrose or 0.9% saline. They could not multiply in doubly deionized and then doubly distilled water or in any of several parenteral nutrition solutions studied. Isolation of Pseudomonas cepacia from the water reservoirs of unheated nebulizers suggests that this equipment may serve as a source of respiratory tract exposure to the organism.

Equipment and Supplies, Hospital↗
PubMed1976

Effect of deworming medication on the microbial flora of the upper gastrointestinal tract of dogs.

Control cultures were taken at laporatomy of the stomach or stomach remnant, jejunum, and ileum of 26 adult dogs, 8 of which had had gastric surgery 1 yr earlier. Two wk after the control cultures were taken, 17 of the 26 dogs, including all 8 which had had prior surgery, were treated with anthelmintics, niclosamide, dichlorophene, methylbenzene, and arecoline hydrobromide. Two wk after the anthelmintic treatment, or 4 wk after the control cultures were taken, the 26 dogs were recultured. Samples of microbial flora were obtained by direct needle aspiration employing anaerobic precautions. These samples were processed both quantitatively and qualitatively using both anaerobic and aerobic technics. The specific sites cultured were the lower stomach or stomach remnant, proximal jejunum 15 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz, and distal ileum 45 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. Bacteria isolated were predominately facultative aerobes. No fungi were isolated. Cultivation of spirochetes was not attempted. The results showed that there was no significant qualitative or quantitative alteration of microbial flora caused by the anthelmintic treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Multiplication of nosocomial pathogens in intravenous feeding solutions.

A major problem in total parenteral nutrition is sepsis, particularly that caused by Candida. Studies of four solutions, a casein hydrolysate, a fibrin hydrolysate, and two crystalline amino acid solutions, show that the protein hydrolysate solutions appear to be highly selective for Candida over bacteria, whereas the crystalline amino acid solutions are not. These findings suggest that the crystalline amino acid preparations may offer a partial solution to the infection problem by minimizing the contribution of the solution as a reservoir for organism multiplication, because they retard the growth of both bacteria and Candida.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effectiveness of Gonozyme for detection of gonorrhea in low-risk pregnant and gynecologic populations.

The Gonozyme Diagnostic Kit (Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL) was evaluated in a population at low-risk for gonorrhea. Two hundred seventy-two female patients, consisting of 152 obstetrical patients and 120 gynecologic patients attending a family-planning clinic, were tested for Neisseria gonorrhoeae by use of culture and Gonozyme testing of specimens from the endocervical canal. The average ages were 16.1 years for the obstetric patients and 17.8 years for the gynecologic patients. The overall sensitivity of Gonozyme as compared with culture was 60.8% (57.1% for obstetric patients and 62.5% for gynecologic patients); the overall specificity was 98.4%. An association was observed between the number of colony-forming-units (cfu) per plate and a positive Gonozyme test; specimens with less than 60 cfu/plate usually yielded a negative Gonozyme result. We conclude that Gonozyme is a highly specific test but its low sensitivity as compared with that of culture does not allow it to replace standard culture media for screening of low-risk women for infection with N. gonorrhoeae.

Adolescent↗