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Biomedical subjects

S M Hashim Nainar

Publications and source records attributed to S M Hashim Nainar.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Predoctoral dental student evaluation of American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry's Caries-Risk Assessment Tool.

The purpose of this study was to determine predoctoral dental student evaluation of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry's Caries-Risk Assessment Tool (CAT) for children. Dental students were introduced to the CAT instrument as part of their didactic pediatric dentistry curriculum. These students were later encouraged to use the CAT instrument for determining caries risk in their pediatric patients. Following a two-year exposure to the CAT instrument, dental students completed an anonymous seven-item evaluation of the instrument at the end of their primary clinical experience in pediatric dentistry. The students were asked to score each item on a five-point scale ranging from strongly agree (#5) to neutral (#3) to strongly disagree (#1). Ninety-seven percent of eligible students completed the CAT evaluation questionnaire. Most students agreed that the CAT instrument was easy to understand (86 percent), simple to apply (76 percent), useful for prescribing radiographs (76 percent), and useful for determining preventive procedures (84 percent). Eighty percent of them indicated that they were likely to use the CAT instrument in their clinical practice. In conclusion, student acceptance of the CAT instrument indicates that it may educate predoctoral dental students regarding caries risk assessment in children.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2004

Survey of dental prophylaxes rendered by pediatric dentists in New England.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this anonymous postal survey was to assess the provision of dental prophylaxis by pediatric dentists in New England. METHODS: The questionnaire survey was sent by first class mail in September, 2001 to all 217 American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) members in active private practice in the six New England States of Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. A self-addressed, stamped envelope was provided to facilitate the returned response. RESULTS: The survey had a response rate of 70%. Most practitioners (93%) routinely recommended dental prophylaxis for their recall patients. The proportion of practitioners who considered the following indications for recommending dental prophylaxis was: plaque, stain, and/or calculus removal - 99%; caries prevention - 75%; prior to topical fluoride application - 82%; prior to sealant application - 58%; and for behavioral modification - 68%. Almost two thirds of the practitioners (62%) defined dental prophylaxis as referring to both rubber cup pumice prophylaxis as well as to toothbrush prophylaxis. However, only one in four practitioners (26%) had modified her/his clinical practice to substitute toothbrush prophylaxis in lieu of rubber cup pumice prophylaxis. CONCLUSION: Pediatric dentists in New England routinely provide dental prophylaxis to their recall patients.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed2003

Targeting of the year one dental visit for United States children.

The aim of this review was to evaluate the evidence with regard to the timing of the first dental visit for children in the United States. It was concluded that the Year One dental visit should be performed for all children of low socioeconomic status. However, it should be regarded as an elective procedure for infants of middle-to-high socioeconomic status, except for certain selected high dental caries risk subgroups.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

Assessment of evidence-based dental prophylaxis education in postdoctoral pediatric dentistry programs.

The objective of the study was to investigate various aspects of evidence-based dental prophylaxis education in postdoctoral pediatric dentistry training programs in the United States. An anonymous nationwide postal survey of fifty-two postdoctoral pediatric dentistry program directors was conducted in September 2001. The survey had a response rate of 75 percent with all geographic regions of the nation represented and with a preponderance of university-based programs (62 percent). Most of the training programs (74 percent) routinely recommended dental prophylaxis for all recall patients. The proportion of programs that recommended dental prophylaxis for the following indications were: plaque, stain and/or calculus removal--97 percent; caries prevention--59 percent; prior to topical fluoride application--67 percent; prior to sealant application--62 percent; and for behavioral modification--77 percent. Most training programs (77 percent) defined dental prophylaxis as both rubber cup pumice prophylaxis and toothbrush prophylaxis. However, only one-half of the training programs (51 percent) had modified their teaching to substitute toothbrush prophylaxis in lieu of rubber cup pumice prophylaxis. In conclusion, only one half of postdoctoral pediatric dentistry training programs in the United States teach evidence-based practice of dental prophylaxis for recall patients.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Internet usage by pediatric dental practices in Connecticut.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine Internet usage by pediatric dental practices in Connecticut. METHODS: A seven-item anonymous survey was mailed to all the 64 pediatric dentists in private practice in Connecticut. Each survey form was mailed along with a stamped and pre-addressed return envelope. Frequency distribution analyses and chi-square tests were performed. RESULTS: The survey had a response rate of 73%. More than three-fourths of the pediatric dental practices were connected to the Internet. Seventy-two percent of the practices submitted third-party claims electronically. Almost all of the respondents did not use email to communicate with patients or to discuss individual patient issues with other health care providers. Only two-fifths of the practices had a World Wide Web site. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the pediatric dental practices in Connecticut were connected to the Internet. Electronic third-party claims submission was the predominant Internet service used by these practices.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Children's first dental visit: attitudes and practices of US pediatricans and family physicians.

PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to survey the recommendations and practices regarding the first dental visit by young children, as reported by family physicians and pediatricians in the United States. METHODS: A representative sample of family physicians and pediatricians was surveyed in the year 2000. The initial survey was mailed out to 1,500 family physicians and 1,000 pediatricians who were selected from the AMA Masterfile. After the first mailing, 3 follow-up questionnaires and a postcard reminder were mailed to the nonresponders within a period of 3 months. The questionnaire described case scenarios of 2, 12-month-old children, one with low caries-risk and the other at high risk with noticeable cavitation of the maxillary front teeth. RESULTS: The response rate to the survey was 43% (622 out of 1,439) for family physicians and 52% (493 out of 957) for pediatricians. When the case scenario of a child with high caries risk was presented, more than 90% of the respondents recommended that the child see a dentist as soon as possible. For the child with low caries-risk, the proportion of respondents recommending early dental visit was significantly lower: only about 19% of family physicians and 14% of pediatricians. For a child at low risk for dental caries, about 40% of family physicians and 63% of pediatricians recommended the first dental visit around the third birthday. The majority of the respondents (pediatricians=91% and family physicians=77%) reported frequent screening for gross tooth decay. However, only a minority of them (pediatricians=33% and family physicians=19%) frequently checked for early signs of tooth decay as part of their regular practice. CONCLUSIONS: US physicians can decide on referral patterns based on the risk status of a child. However, the majority of respondents do not regularly screen for early signs of early childhood caries.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diet counseling during the infant oral health visit.

Diet counseling is an integral part of anticipatory guidance during the infant oral health visit. Similar to dietary instructions for children of all ages, the primary emphasis is on sugar intake frequency. There are, however, other infant-specific dietary issues that must also be addressed during the infant oral health visit. Breast-feeding should be promoted during the first year of life, although ad libitum nocturnal breast-feeding should be discouraged after the first primary tooth erupts. Bottle-fed infants should not be put to sleep with the bottle. Weaning from the breast or the bottle should be encouraged by 12 to 14 months of age. Infants older than 6 months and with exposure to less than 0.3 ppm fluoride in their drinking water need dietary fluoride supplements of 0.25 mg fluoride per day. Only 4 to 6 oz of fruit juice should be consumed by infants per day. Infants should not be given powdered beverages or soda pop, as these drinks pose increased risk for dental caries. Iron-fortified infant cereals, along with breast milk or infant formula, should be consumed by infants who are at least 6 months of age. Cow's milk should be completely avoided in the first year of life and restricted to less than 24 oz per day in the second year of life. Parents should be cautioned regarding the potential of various foods to constitute a choking hazard for infants.

Bottle Feeding↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Geographic distribution of pediatric dentists in private practice in the United States.

PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were to: (1) determine the geographic distribution of pediatric dentists in private practice across the United States; and (2) compare state-based pediatric dental practitioner-to-children ratios. METHODS: Enumeration of pediatric dental practitioners was derived from the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry's 2000-01 Membership Directory by including all active and fellow members who were in private practice in the United States. Population information for the 50 states and District of Columbia was obtained from Census 2000 data available on the US Census Bureau's Web site. RESULTS: A total of 2,913 pediatric dentists were in private practice in the United States, with the largest number located in California (333), Texas (238), and New York (202), and the smallest number located in Maine (3) and North Dakota (4). There were 4.03 pediatric dental practitioners for every 100,000 US children younger than 18 years of age. Connecticut and Massachusetts had almost twice (7.7) as many pediatric dental practitioners per 100,000 children as the national average. On the other hand, Maine had only one fourth (1) the number of pediatric dental practitioners per 100,000 children as the national average. CONCLUSIONS: Marked differences exist between the various states in their pediatric dental practitioner-to-children ratio.

Adolescent↗