Fine needle aspiration cytology of malignant melanoma of soft parts: a case report and literature review.
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Abscess↗
Biomedical subjects
S M Hombal
Publications and source records attributed to S M Hombal.
Pasteurella multocida endocarditis.
Human infection with Pasteurella multocida is the leading cause of animal bite wound infection. Life-threatening infection may occur in patients with a variety of underlying disorders and an immunocompromised state. Infective endocarditis with P. multocida is very rare and only a few clinically diagnosed cases have been reported. Described here is an autopsy case of a 61-year-old man with polycystic kidney disease who had P. multocida bacteremia and acute infective endocarditis with multiple bacterial clumps involving bicuspid aortic valve. The organisms were gram negative. Apparently the sepsis with P. multocida was acquired via licking of leg ulcers by his pet dog, establishing an animal-related causal relationship. Because P. multocida is a very common flora of many animals, infection with this organism probably occurs more frequently than is commonly appreciated. High index of suspicion and early diagnosis, especially in immunocompromised patients, are warranted because the disease is potentially life threatening, yet is a readily treatable infection.
Endocarditis, Bacterial↗
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). A review on relevant pharmacology and clinical uses.
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan; Cy) is an alkylating agent with cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activities. The parent compound is inactive in vitro and exerts its biologic activity through metabolites, mainly phosphoramide mustard generated by hepatic microsomal enzymes. The exact mode of cytotoxic and immunosuppressive action of Cy at cellular level is not completely understood. Myelosuppression, hemorrhagic cystitis, alopecia, and gonadal damage are the main toxic effects. Available data suggest that Cy has carcinogenic potential in humans. Cy is widely used for cancer chemotherapy. As an immunosuppressive agent, it is successfully used in certain nonmalignant diseases in which autoimmune phenomena are established or suspected in the pathogenesis of the disease. It is the drug of choice in Wegener's granulomatosis. Extensive efforts are being made to synthesize Cy analogues with greater selective cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activity. Ifosfamide, a Cy analogue, appears to possess similar cytotoxic activity with less myelosuppression. Further research will help in synthesizing a Cy analogue with specific pharmacologic activity and reduced or absent harmful effects.
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
Detection of Schistosoma mansoni in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. A case report.
BACKGROUND: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a useful tool in the diagnosis of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic pulmonary infections. There have been rare reports of parasitic infestations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. This is the first case report on detecting a Schistosoma ova in BAL fluid. CASE: A 40-year-old, Egyptian male presented with a fever and productive cough. He had a right pleural effusion and segmental collapse of the right lower lobe. BAL fluid showed several ova of Schistosoma mansoni and established the diagnosis of schistosomiasis. Abdominal ultrasound revealed mild hepatic cirrhosis. CONCLUSION: Schistosomiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary problems in patients with disseminated disease in endemic areas.
Adult↗