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Biomedical subjects

S M Karim

Publications and source records attributed to S M Karim.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Effect of topical prostaglandins on nasal patency in man.

The effect of prostaglandin E1 and 17 phenyl trinor PGE2 on nasal patency has been studied in healthy volunteers and in patients with vasomotor and allergic rhinitis. Both drugs applied topically increased nasal patency. The effect of a single dose of either compound lasted for several hours. Prostaglandin E1 produced nasal irritation and throbbing, lacrimation, headache and sore throat. Except for occasional brief nasal irritation, these side effects were not encountered with 17 phenyl trinor PGE2.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1978

Intramuscular administration of 16 phenoxy omega 17,18,19,20 tetranor PGE2 methyl sulfonylamide for pre-operative cervical dilatation in first trimester nulliparae.

A single intramuscular dose of 500 microgram 16 phenoxy omega 17,18,19,20 tetranor PGE2 methyl sulfonylamide was used for cervical dilatation prior to vacuum aspiration in 80 first trimester nulliparae. Three hours after prostaglandin administration the cervix had dilated to 8 mm or more in 60 patients (75%). The uterus was evacuated in these patients without mechanical dilatation of the cervix. In the remaining 20 patients the cervix had dilated 4 to 7 mm. Further mechanical dilatation to 8 mm was carried out easily in most of these patients. Side effects included pain requiring analgesic (3 patients), vomiting (4 patients) and transient pyrexia (greater than 1 degrees C, 2 patients). There were no complications or damage to the uterus or the cervix during evacuation of the uterus.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1978

Neonatal serum bilirubin levels in spontaneous and induced labour.

An investigation was made into the onset and severity of neonatal jaundice in 114 patients following spontaneous labour and labour induced by (a) amniotomy, (b) amniotomy and simultaenous infusion of oxytocin, (c) amniotomy and simultaneous administration of oral prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). No significant difference in serum bilirubin levels in the first five days of life was found in the four groups.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1977

Effects of histamine on the human penis muscle in vitro.

Histamine produced three types of effects on corpus cavernosa muscle of the human penis: contraction, relaxation or a contraction followed by a relaxation. 2-Methylhistamine, which acts mainly on histamine H1-receptors, stimulated all the penile strips tested. 4-Methylhistamine, which acts predominantly on H2-receptors produced relaxation in two-thirds of the strips and contraction in the rest. Contractions produced by histamine, 2-methyl histamine and 4-methylhistamine were selectively abolished by mepyramine. Burimamide antagonised the relaxant effect of histamine and of 4-methylhistamine. Corpus cavernosa muscle of the human penis has both histamine H1- and H2-receptors.

Drug Interactions↗
PubMed1977

The effect of loperamide on prostaglandin induced diarrhoea in rat and man.

Loperamide, a new antidiarrhoeal compound, effectively antagonised prostaglandin induced diarrhoea in adult healthy male volunteers and in patients undergoing pregnancy termination with prostaglandins. This compound is effective in inhibiting prostaglandin induced fluid accumulation in the small intestine in rats. Loperamide also blocked smooth muscle stimulating action of prostaglandins, acetylcholine and histamine on gastrointestinal smooth muscle preparations from several laboratory animals.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1977

Cervical dilatation with 16,16 dimethyl PGE2 p-benzaldehyde semicarbazone ester prior to vacuum aspiration in first trimester nulliparae.

The efficacy of 16,16 dimethyl PGE2 p-benzaldehyde semicarbazone ester for cervical dilatation prior to evacuation of the uterus in 180 first trimester nulliparae has been studied. The drug was injected into the muscle of the cervix 3 hours before vacuum aspiration. In 143 patients (80%) the cervix had dilated adequately to enable evacuation of the uterus without mechanical dilatation. In the remaining 37 patients (20%) the cervix had dilated to 6 or 7 mm and additional mechanical dilatation could be performed easily in most of these patients. Side effects consisted of vomiting (11%), diarrhoea (7%), transient pyrexia and shivering (7%). There were no complications in any of the patients and no perforation of the uterus or damage to the cervix resulted during evacuation.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1977

F prostaglandin levels in amniotic fluid in premature labour.

The concentration of prostaglandin F (PGF) in amniotic fluid was measured by radioimmunoassay in 27 patients admitted in premature labour. There was a strong correlation between PGF levels in amniotic fluid and both cervical dilatation (r = 0.81; P less than 0.001) and duration of labour (r = 0.79; P less than 0.001). Cervical dilatation greater than 7 cm was associated with levels exceeding 2000 pg/ml. When contractions were present for less than one hour, levels of PGF were below 50 pg/ml. Low levels of PGF were found in amniotic fluid from a separate group of three patients, of whom two had cervical incompetence. It is concluded that the onset of premature labour is not associated with elevated levels of PGF in amniotic fluid. During premature labour, concentrations rise to an extent comparable to that observed in labour at term.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1977

The effect of 15 (R) 15 methyl prostaglandin E2 on gastric acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients.

The effect of synthetic analogue 15 (R) 15 methyl PGE2 on basal and pentagastrin stimulated maximal acid output in 24 duodenal ulcer patients has been studied. The prostagoandin analogue in a single oral dose of 150 mug reduced both basal and maximum output. Basal acid output fell from a mean control value of 5.9 +/- 1.5 mEq/hr to 2.1 +/- 0.6 mEq/hr (p less than 0.05) and maximum acid output from 32.1 +/- 1.6 mEq/hr to 20.6 mEq/hr (p less than 0.001). The volume of gastric secretion did not alter significantly in the basal state but fell significantly in the maximally stimulated state after prostaglandin administration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Non-specific prostaglandin antagonism by 8-ethoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-10, 11-dihydro-PGA1-ethyl ester (HR 546) on some smooth muscle preparations in vitro.

The ability of 8-ethoxycarbonyl-10, 11 dihydro-A-prostaglandin(HR 546) to antagonise smooth muscle contracting effect of prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha on isolated preparations of rat and hamster stomach fundus, guinea pig ileum and gerbil colon has been studied. HR 546 was found to be a potent, non-specific, probably competitive, prostaglandin antagonist on these four smooth muscle preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Mechanism of relaxant action of prostaglandin F2alpha on the guinea-pig isolated trachea.

Prostaglandin F2alpha consistently produced a dose-related triphasic response in guinea-pig isolated tracheal chain preparations. The response consisted of an initial transient contraction followed by a transient relaxation, followed by a further contraction. The relaxant action was not due to adrenergic or histaminergic transmission, but might be due to a PG-like material released by the PGF 2alpha-induced contraction.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Termination of pregnancy with vaginal administration of 16, 16 dimethyl prostaglandin E2 p-benzaldehyde semicarbazone ester.

A 16,16 dimethyl prostaglandin E2 p-benzaldehyde semicarbazone ester was used for termination of pregnancy in 54 late first trimester and second trimester patients. The drug (750 microng in gelatine glycerine pessaries) was administered every four hours. Fifty patients (92-5%) aborted during the 36 hours treatment. Side effects were mild and consisted of vomiting in five patients, diarrhoea in three patients and transient pyrexia in two.

Abortifacient Agents↗