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Biomedical subjects

S M Matloff

Publications and source records attributed to S M Matloff.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Radiographic contrast media-induced noncardiogenic pulmonary edema: case report and review of the literature.

Adverse reactions are a frequent complication of exposure to radiographic contrast media (RCM). These reactions are most often anaphylactoid in nature and are characterized by the occurrence of urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, and shock. In patients who have had an anaphylactoid reaction to RCM and in whom reexposure is indicated, various pretreatment protocols have been developed to mitigate the risk for recurrence. We report the case of a 46-year-old man who, while undergoing cardiac catheterization, developed noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. This is the first reported case of the occurrence of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema secondary to RCM documented with Swan-Ganz data. In addition, our patient developed noncardiogenic pulmonary edema despite pretreatment with prednisone and diphenhydramine, administered because of a past history of a similar reaction. Potential mechanisms for such a reaction are discussed.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1983

Reduced production of histamine-induced suppressor factor (HSF) by atopic mononuclear cells and decreased prostaglandin E2 output by HSF-stimulated atopic monocytes.

To characterize the defect responsible for abnormal histamine-induced suppressor cell function observed in atopic subjects, we studied histamine-induced suppressor factor (HSF) production and augmented prostaglandin E2 production. In addition, we exogenously provided interleukin 1 to determine whether abnormal histamine-induced suppressor cell function could be corrected by this monokine. Mononuclear cells from 16 asymptomatic atopic subjects generated significantly less (p less than 0.01) histamine-induced suppressor activity than cells from 10 nonatopic controls, and mean suppressor-factor production was also significantly reduced (p less than 0.01). The latter two responses were not corrected by interleukin 1. Atopic monocytes produced significantly less (p less than 0.01) prostaglandin E2 in response to suppressor factor than did control monocytes. The atopic group had phenotypically normal numbers of T-helper cells, T-suppressor cells, and ratios of these cells. These data indicate that despite having phenotypically adequate numbers, T-suppressor cells from atopics produce fewer suppressor signals than cells from nonatopics and their monocytes produce less prostaglandin E2 even if the suppressor signals are provided.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Systemic reactions to immunotherapy.

Systemic anaphylactic reactions occur in a small percentage of patients receiving allergen immunotherapy. A 1 year study was performed in a large health maintenance organization to determine the incidence of systemic reactions (SR) to allergen immunotherapy. We measured the number of SR that occurred during a 12 months period. A SR data sheet was completed for each reaction, documenting the time of onset, symptoms, treatment, history of asthma or previous reaction, and concentration and type of extract. Twenty-seven thousand eight hundred six injection visits resulted in 143 SR (0.51%). Forty-five percent of the patients (pts) with SR had a history of prior SR, 50% had a history of asthma, and 36% developed reactions in season. Seventy-two percent of SR started within 30 minutes, although 8% appeared after 2 hours. Fifty-seven percent of SR occurred at concentrations of 1,000-10,000 PNU/cc, 25% at 10-100 PNU/cc, and 17% when both concentrations were given at the same visit. Eighty-three percent of SR were judged to be mild, nonlife threatening reactions, requiring no treatment or antihistamine therapy only. Seventeen percent were judged to be more severe, requiring treatment with epinephrine, with or without other agents. SR are a small but definite risk of immunotherapy. Most SR are mild, but some may be life threatening. The majority of reactions occur within 30 minutes, but significant reactions may occur after 2 hours. A large percentage of SR occurred in patients with a history of asthma, previous SR, or both.

Anaphylaxis↗