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Biomedical subjects

S Maj

Publications and source records attributed to S Maj.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Chemotherapy and immunomodulating treatment of patients with multiple myeloma].

Prospective studies were carried out on the effectiveness of various treatment methods in 208 patients with plasmocytic myeloma. In 102 patients induction therapy was based exclusively on melphalan, in 106 cases polychemotherapy was used including vincristine, melphalan, carmustine, cyclophosphamide and prednisone. The differences in the per cent of patients with good response to treatment and in the survival time after treatment beginning were statistically not significant between these groups which suggests that polychemotherapy begun from the diagnosis of the disease is justified in patients with large mass of the neoplasm and poor prognostic factors. In 45 patients chemotherapy was supported by administration of immunomodulatory agents, including calf thymus extract in 25 cases, levamisole in 18 and interferon in 2. It was observed that maintenance of remission with chemotherapy and with immunomodulatory agents calf thymus extract or levamisole prolonged the survival of the patients. In cases of leucopenia the use of calf thymus extract facilitated chemotherapy by stimulation of myelopoiesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical and laboratory analysis of the cases of multiple myeloma with over 5-year survival time from the beginning of the antineoplastic treatment].

Out of 436 studied patients with plasmocytic myeloma 67 (15.0%) survived over 5 years from the beginning of antineoplastic treatment, and 18 survived over 10 years from the first symptom of the proliferative process. The patients with long survival were younger at the time of diagnosis than the whole studied group and had normal creatinine and calcium levels in the serum. Nearly half these patients had I or II stage of clinical progression and IgG monoclonal protein. Treatment with melphalan only was given to 17 patients, 33 were treated with melphalan, followed by vincristine, cyclophosphamide, BCNU, prednisone and doxorubicin. Polychemotherapy was given from the time of the diagnosis to 13 patients, and 4 received radiotherapy or 60Co irradiation besides chemotherapy. In 81% of the analysed cases a good response was obtained. Thirteen patients are alive. In 5 cases myeloid leukaemia, in 1 case bronchogenic carcinoma and in 1 case liver carcinoma were the causes of death.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Morphological changes in peripheral blood and bone marrow in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes].

In 23 patients with myelodysplasia syndromes cytomorphological examinations of peripheral red blood cells and bone marrow cells were carried out. Apart from anisocytosis and poikilocytosis observed in all patients, the most frequent changes were macrocytosis and megalocytosis or erythrocytes and their precursors, presence of erythroblasts in peripheral blood and disturbances of megakaryopoiesis. None of these changes was characteristic in a given type of these syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Results of selected cytochemical studies of mature granulocytes in myelodysplastic syndromes and various other hematologic diseases].

The activity of alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase was measured in polymorphonuclears in 20 cases of myelodysplasia syndromes, 10 cases of chronic myeloid leukaemia. Reduced phosphatase activity was found in 5 cases and peroxidase activity in 3 cases of myelodysplasia syndromes. No evident correlation was noted between the activity of these enzymes and prognosis. Increased proportion of peroxidase-negative granulocytes was observed, moreover, in most cases of chronic myeloid leukaemia. The observations will be continued in larger material.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

[Long-term observation of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia].

Forty-nine cases of idiopathic and secondary autoimmune hemolytic anaemia (AIHA) were observed. Infections developed in 64% of them before the diagnosis of the idiopathic form had been established. In 83% of the patients warm antibodies were found, and in half these cases complement activation was observed on the blood cells. In 16% of cases autoantibodies to other tissues were present as well. Higher grade of anaemia and more severe course of the disease were observed in secondary AIHA. The survival time of patients with malignant lymphoma and haemolysis developing during the proliferation phase was twice as long as in cases with simultaneously diagnosed lymphoma and haemolysis. Idiopathic AIHA was more frequent chronic and mild. During over 2 years of follow-up haemolysis regressed in 44% of cases (in idiopathic AIHA in 65% and in secondary AIHA in 19%). The followed-up group comprised 36 patients. No immediate favourable effect of splenectomy was noted. In 43% of cases infections were a complication of pharmacological treatment and (or) splenectomy. Alloimmunization against blood cells was noted in 16% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Preliminary results of the treatment of acute leukemia with mitoxantrone].

Mitoxantrone is a new anthracenodione derivative with a high antineoplastic activity in proliferative diseases of the haemopoietic system. In the Institute of Haematology in Warsaw and in the Department of Haematology, Silesian Medical Academy in Katowice this agent was used in combination with cytarabine in 49 cases of acute leukaemia (35 with acute myeloid leukaemia and 14 with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia). The preparations used were Mitoxantrone (POLFA Works in Jelenia Góra) and Novantrone (Lederle). These agents were given intravenously in doses of 10-20 mg/m2 for 3 days in combination with cytarabine in three doses: 100 mg/m2 on days 1 through 7, and 1 g/m2 or 3 g/m2 every 12 hours on days 1 through 4 of the treatment. Complete remission was obtained in 17 cases (35%), including 13 with acute myeloid leukaemia (37%) and 4 with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (29). The most frequent side effects were: long-lasting pancytopenia (in 100% of cases), hair loss (39%) and gastrointestinal toxicity (33%). No significant differences were noted in the effectiveness and toxicity between these two preparations. In the light of the presented results it may be accepted that the combination of mitoxantrone with cytarabine is an important advance in the treatment of acute leukaemias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Ultrastructural morphometric cell evaluation in chronic lymphocytic leukaemias.

The present study was undertaken to check whether there is a correlation between the clinical stage and the ultrastructural morphometric picture of leukaemic cells. The investigations concerned 12 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Qualitative morphological differences could not be detected between cells originating from various clinical groups. Morphometric ultrastructural analysis, however, revealed differences in the volume fraction of cytoplasmic cell components, not only between clinical groups, but also within them. None of the clinical groups were homogeneous, but the cases classified to groups 0, I and II were uniform as regards the volume fractions of the nucleus and some cytoplasmic components. Ultrastructural morphometric studies seem to suggest that counterparts to the clinical state may be found in the morphology of leukaemic cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Prognostic value of DNA histograms of bone marrow cells in acute myeloblastic leukaemias.

DNA histograms of bone marrow cells were studied in 25 patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia before starting treatment. It was found that patients with complete remission showed a significantly higher proportion of cells in phase S of the cellular cycle (22 +/- 3%) than patients who failed to achieve remission (12 +/- 4%). Assessment of DNA histograms of bone marrow cells may be one of prognostic factors in acute myeloblastic leukemia.

Adolescent↗