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Biomedical subjects

S Manimekalai

Publications and source records attributed to S Manimekalai.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

alpha-fetoprotein and screening markers of congenital disease.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is produced in the gut and liver during fetal life and appears to act like albumin in the adult. Because AFP appears in the maternal circulation during pregnancy, interest has been focused on its measurement in maternal serum to predict fetal abnormality. In addition, AFP, as an embryonic product, is elevated in certain malignant states. This article provides a summary of current clinical knowledge of AFP and its applications.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1985

The effect of vitamin E on mammary dysplasia: a double-blind study.

Alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) has been used to treat patients with benign breast disease. To evaluate the efficacy of this treatment, a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study was performed on 128 women with confirmed mammary dysplasia. Patients were treated with placebo or 150, 300, or 600 IU of d, 1 alpha-tocopherol per day for two months; breast examinations, sonography, and thermography were performed in the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle before and after treatment. No significant objective effects to treatment were noted in any of the parameters monitored. In addition, serum concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and testosterone were measured before and after treatment. There were no significant effects on concentrations of these hormones. From this study, d, 1 alpha-tocopherol does not seem to be beneficial in the treatment of patients with mammary dysplasia.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1984

The effect of alpha-tocopherol on premenstrual symptomatology: a double-blind study. II. Endocrine correlates.

In a randomized, double-blind, dose-response study, alpha-tocopherol significantly ameliorated symptoms in three of the four classes of the premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Alpha-tocopherol treatment had no significant effect on serum concentrations of testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), estradiol, and progesterone. However, independent of treatment, a significant correlation emerged between temporal changes in one PMS category and changes in DHEA-S concentrations. These results suggest that improvement in PMS severity is not mediated through direct effects of alpha-tocopherol on serum steroids. Androgens, however, may play a role in some PMS symptomatology.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1981

alpha-Tocopherol and serum lipoproteins.

Twenty-six patients with clinically confirmed mammary dysplasia and five age-matched controls were treated with alpha-tocopherol, 600 mg/day. Serum samples collected on the 21st day of the menstrual cycle were analyzed for cholesterol in lipoprotein fractions, isolated by a combination of precipitation and ultracentrifugation techniques. Eighty-five percent of patients showed objective and subjective remission from disease following therapy. In mammary dysplasia patients, the ratio of serum cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher than those in age-matched controls, an abnormality which was corrected by alpha-tocopherol therapy. Furthermore, as a result of therapy, high density lipoproteins increased and ester cholesterol associated with low density lipoproteins decreased. The results suggest that alpha-tocopherol may serve as an effective agent in treating patients with benign disease, as well as correct the inherent abnormality in serum cholesterol distribution in mammary dysplasia patients.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1980

Lipid pattern in split ejaculate and Klinefelter's syndrome.

Total lipids, phospholipids, and cholesterol are present in greater amounts in fraction I of split ejaculates of normal healthy volunteers than in other fractions. Glyceride concentrations are higher in fraction III. The cholesterol-phospholipid ratio varies significantly in different fractions. The free ester-cholesterol ratio is also altered in different fractions. The relative importance of these findings in relation to sperm survival and motility is discussed. In whole ejaculates of patients with Klinefelter's syndrome, glyceride concentrations are higher, phospholipid concentrations are lower, and cholesterol concentrations remain unaltered as compared with samples from normal healthy volunteers.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Hormonal influence on uterine lipids.

The effects of oestrogen (OE), progesterone (P) and oestrogen plus progesterone (OEPP) on uterine lipids of adult ovariectomized rats were studied. Administration of gonodal hormones brought about considerable alterations in total lipids, mainly due to an increase in phospholipids and glycerides in the case of OE and P groups. Even though the total cholesterol remained unaltered, a marked alteration in its fractions was evident in all the groups. Oestrogen seems to decrease all the glyceride classes while progesterone induces accumulation ot triglycerides with concomitant decrease in mono- and diglycerides. Individual classes of phospholipids show marked alterations in their distribution in all the groups studied.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of hormones on accessory sex glands in males.

Administration of testosterone, oestrogen, progesterone and prolactin for seven days affected the epididymal lipids markedly whereas seminal vesicular and prostatic lipids were less affected. The increase in total lipids of caput epididymis by testosterone, oestrogen and progesterone was due to an elevation in neutral and phospholipid contents. However, progesterone alone caused an increase in total lipids of the cauda epididymides while oestrogen and prolactin decreased the same. In seminal vesicle and prostate, testosterone elicited a significant rise in total lipids. However, an opposite trend was obvious by the other three hormones. Testosterone alone was effective in elevating the total lipids, phospholipid, cholesterol and glycerides in prostates. Prolactin does not affect the prostatic lipids markedly. The significance of the lipid changes are discussed in relation to various physiological activities of sex accessories.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lipid pattern in female reproductive tissues during different phases of estrous cycle.

The normal pattern of lipids during various phases of estrous cycle in different reproductive tissues of female rats was analysed. The various lipid calsses undergo striking cyclical changes in harmony with the rhythm of endogenous gonadal and gonadotrophic hormones. A comparison of lipid pattern was made between various phases of estrous cycle. Ovary exhibited marked alterations in the distribution of lipids in different phases of the cycle compared to other tissues. Total lipids were maximum in diestrus phospholipids in estrus with a concomittant fall in triglycerides in all the tissues. The fluctuation in oviductal and vaginal lipids was much less compared to other tissues. Hormone-lipid interrelationship and tissue specificity may be attributed to these changes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lipids in accessory sex glands of immature, mature and castrated male rats.

The distribution of lipids in accessory sex glands of male rats (immature, adult and castrated) has been analysed. The total lipids and phospholipids in adult rats were maximum in caput epididymis and minimal in prostate. An intermediary picture existed in the cauda epididymis and seminal vesicle. In general, phosphatidyl choline and ethanolamine were the major phospholipids in the tissues. Castration depleted the phospholipids in all the tissues. Glycerides were found to accumulate in caput and cauda epididymis, but were depleted in seminal vesicle and prostate in castrated rats. In immature rats, the total lipids were more than that of adults in caput and cauda epididymis but were less in seminal vesicle and prostate. It is suggested that these discrepancies may be due to the differences in the endogenous titres of hormones, and/or associated with structural and functional specificity of the tissues.

Aging↗