PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Margaliot

Publications and source records attributed to S Margaliot.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Sensitivity of the high-power field method in detecting red blood cells in the urinary sediment.

The red blood cell (RBC) content of urine specimens was determined both by direct counts by a hemocytometer and by the number of RBCs per high-power field (HPF) in the sediment by routine urine analysis. The sensitivity of a finding of 1 to 3 and 2 to 4 RBCs/HPF in detecting greater than or equal to 2,000 RBCs/ml unspun urine was 63% (73/116) and 54% (63/116), respectively. There was a wide range of values of RBCs/ml determined by direct counts for each degree of microscopic hematuria as defined by the HPF method. We conclude that examination of the urinary sediment by the HPF method is not sufficiently sensitive to be used as a screening test for the detection of microhematuria in asymptomatic subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Predictive value of the resting electrocardiogram for Mobitz type I atrio-ventricular block on Holter monitoring in Israeli air force personnel.

During 1981-1984, a total of 52 airpersonnel had 24-h continuous ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring at the Israel Air Force Aeromedical Center because of an incidental finding of a first or second degree atrio-ventricular block on a resting 12-lead ECG. There were 230 other airpersonnel without AV block on the resting ECG monitored during the same period. Altogether 17 cases of second degree Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) block were identified. Mobitz type I was detected on Holter monitoring in 2 (0.9%) of the 230 cases with a normal PR interval on the resting ECG, in 6 (15.4%) of 39 cases with a PR interval of 0.22-0.25 s, in 5 (55.5%) of 9 cases with a PR interval of 0.26 s or more, and in all 4 cases with Mobitz type I on the resting ECG. It is concluded that the PR interval on the resting ECG may be useful in predicting an intermittent Mobitz type I AV block on Holter monitoring.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1987

Value of three annual blood pressure determinations in young adults as a predictor of elevated systolic blood pressure 15 years later.

The records of 726 male air force personnel aged 18 to 34 years in 1968 were searched for the results of examination of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) in 1968 and during the following 15 years ending in 1983. An elevated recent blood pressure (BP), defined as an SBP greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg on two or more of the last three follow-up examinations, done 13, 14, and 15 years after entry, was found in 3.2% of the cohort. An elevated recent BP was found in 12% of those with an SBP greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg on the first examination, in 31.7% (13 of 41 individuals) of those with an SBP greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg on two or more of the three initial annual examinations, and in 46.2% (6 of 13 men) of those with an SBP greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg on all three initial examinations. It is concluded that three annual determinations of SBP are better predictors of elevated SBP than a single causal BP measurement on entry. Still, their predictive value remains limited; 49% of those with an SBP greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg on two or more of the three initial annual examinations had a normal SBP on all of the last three annual examinations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Low back pain in pilots.

A questionnaire on low back pain (LBP) was administered to 373 fighter pilots, 165 transport pilots, and 264 helicopter pilots. Helicopter pilots had more pain during flight than did fighter or transport pilots (34.5%, 12.9%, and 5.1%, respectively). A history of LBP temporally unassociated with flight was found in 26.5% of helicopter pilots, 31.5% of transport pilots and 25.2% of fighter pilots. We conclude that, despite the pain experienced by helicopter pilots in flight, they are not at increased risk for LBP unassociated with flight.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The significance of recurrent childhood respiratory disorders in flight training applicants.

A random sample of 1700 18-year-old applicants for flight training, who had been free from respiratory symptoms for 1 year or more, was screened for respiratory symptoms in the past. Those who denied such a history had a questionnaire sent to their parents for further verification. Altogether 70 subjects with a past history of "wheezing," "asthma," or "spastic bronchitis" were thus identified. Abnormalities in either FEV1/FVC, Vmax50 or Vmax75 were found in 40% of the subjects with a history of childhood "wheezing," "asthma," or "spastic bronchitis," but only in 8% of controls without such a history. A history of wheezing had no effect on the RV/TLC ratio. The age at which the last bout had occurred had no apparent effect on the degree of flow abnormalities. The most sensitive index for a flow abnormality was Vmax50, which was less than 74% of the predicted values in 2/(30%) of the 70 subjects tested. It is concluded that, in subjects with a history of "wheezing," "asthma," or "spastic bronchitis," flow abnormalities may persist even after prolonged remissions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Factors associated with microhematuria in asymptomatic young men.

The prevalence of asymptomatic microhematuria (two to four or more erythrocytes per high-power field) in 1341 male Air Force personnel was 5.4%. The most powerful predictor of microhematuria (nearly 15-fold increased prevalence) was a history of recurrent microhematuria during the previous five years. Recurrent microscopic hematuria was present in 14.5% (8/55) of men with a history of urethritis, accounting for 26% (8/31) of the cases of recurrent microscopic hematuria. The prevalence of microhematuria was not affected by physical exercise, flight duty, or sexual intercourse during the 24 h preceding the urinalysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Systolic blood pressure in fighter pilots after 12-15 years service.

Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured at entry and after 12-15 years in 112 fighter pilots and compared to 112 transport and helicopter pilots. The pilots were 20-24 years old on entry into the study. Mean SBP +/- 1 S.D. on entry was 122 +/- 12 mm Hg in fighter pilots and 124 +/- 12 mm Hg in transport and helicopter pilots. After 12-15 years follow-up the mean SBP was 118 +/- 12 mm Hg in both groups. We conclude that the stress of flying fighter aircraft for 12-15 years is not associated with an increased risk of hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Sarcoidosis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis--a chance occurrence?

We present a case of pulmonary sarcoidosis associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. This association has been reported previously and may be purely coincidental. However, in light of current knowledge about the immunoregulatory defects postulated for sarcoidosis and for Hashimoto's thyroiditis, three other possibilities that may explain this association in our patient, are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

The importance of leukocyturia in young adults.

The records of 1,000 asymptomatic male air force personnel were examined retrospectively for the results of 15 yearly examinations (1968 through 1983) of urinary sediment, beginning with subjects aged 18 to 33 years. The cumulative incidence of four to six or more WBCs per high-power field on one or more examinations was 31.8% after an average of 12.2 examinations per person over the 15-year period. In 107 subjects the WBCs were found on two or more occasions within five consecutive examinations. In 106 subjects, 140 urine cultures were sterile. In 28 cases the urine was also sterile after culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Intravenous pyelograms, obtained in eight cases, were normal. Renal biopsy in one case with recurrent hematuria and trace proteinuria showed focal glomerulonephritis. All subjects are currently active and free of urinary symptoms an average of 7.6 years after detection of leukocyturia.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Significance of erythrocyte sedimentation rate in young adults.

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was examined annually for 15 years in 1,000 asymptomatic men aged 18-33 years at entry into the study in 1968. The upper limit of the normal (mean + 2 SD) increased from 8 mm in the first hour in persons aged 18 years to 18 mm in those age 45. An increase in the ESR above the age adjusted upper limit of normal on at least three of four consecutive annual examinations was observed in 44 (4.4%) cases. The elevated ESR was associated with a diagnosed disorder in 10 of these 44 cases: myocardial infarctions (four), ankylosing spondylitis (three), inflammatory bowel disease (one), psoriasis (one), and "benign" monoclonal gammopathy (one). A persistently elevated ESR increased the likelihood of disease in general from 3.8% to 22.7% and of myocardial infarction from 0.7% to 9.1%. In eight patients the elevation of the ESR preceded the clinical manifestations by 2-10 years. It is concluded that a persistent moderate elevation in ESR detected in a young adult in the course of screening examinations is a risk factor for the development of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Lytic spondylolisthesis in helicopter pilots.

Trauma to the back from the force of chronic stress is thought to be an etiologic factor in isthmic spondylolisthesis (SLL). The relationship of first degree spondylolisthesis to low back pain (LBP) is controversial. We compare the prevalence of SLL in helicopter pilots who are subject to strong vibrational forces, with other airforce personnel. Helicopter pilots had more than a four times higher prevalence of SLL (4.5%) than did cadets (1.0%) and transport pilots (0.9%). Low back pain was more frequent in pilots with SLL than in those without this lesion but in no case was the pain disabling or the defect progressive. We conclude that SLL may be induced by vibrational forces and although SLL is associated with LBP, the pain was little clinical significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Medical air evacuation during the Lebanon War, 1982.

During the Lebanon War, 1982, 85% of the Israel Defence Forces casualties were airlifted from the battle zone by means of the aeromedical evacuation (AME) network of the Air Force. The rescue helicopter was the first point of medical contact for 4.4% of the casualties. A summary is presented of the types of aircraft used in AME and the number of casualties carried in the various flights. A brief description is also given of a new addition to the intensive care capabilities of AME helicopters: the air mobile life support unit used in combat for the first time during this war.

Aircraft↗