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Biomedical subjects

S McFadden

Publications and source records attributed to S McFadden.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Autologous diaphragm reconstruction with the pedicled latissimus dorsi flap.

The latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle has been previously described to repair diaphragmatic defects, but as a "reverse" flap, relying on secondary blood supply from the perforating lumbar vessels rather than primary inflow from the dominant thoracodorsal artery. We report resection of a retroperitoneal synovial sarcoma, with reconstruction of the hemidiaphragm using the LD rotated on its primary neurovascular bundle. By using the dominant pedicle, the vascularity of the flap is improved, minimizing the chance of flap tip loss. Maintaining an intact nerve supply prevents atrophy. As the distal origin of the LD is broad and flat, it is ideally suited for diaphragm repair. A latissimus-sparing thoracotomy incision is required to enable this method of diaphragm reconstruction.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed2002

LCD versus CRT displays: a comparison of visual search performance for colored symbols.

Visual search performance for tactical symbols was examined with liquid-crystal (LCD) and cathode-ray tube (CRT) displays. Twenty-four adult participants (19 men, 5 women; mean age 41 years) searched for navy tactical display symbols on a map background. LCD and CRT displays of similar size and resolution (52 cm diagonal, 1280 x 1024 pixels) were used. Viewing angle (0 degrees vs. 60 degrees of azimuth), set size, target color (blue, red, or white), target presence, and search type (feature vs. conjunction) were also manipulated. Participants showed reduced sensitivity for red and blue symbols viewed 60 degrees off axis with the LCD relative to on-axis LCD, or to the CRT on or off axis. Colored symbols viewed off axis on the LCD produced longer response times in feature search and lower search efficiency in conjunction search. The results argue against the use of current LCD technology when off-axis viewing is likely and color coding is used.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Helping children with communication difficulties in the classroom.

As we move towards a more inclusive education system teachers are becoming more aware of children with speech and language difficulties and the implications for their future learning and literacy development. In order to address this and promote collaborative working practice between teachers and speech and language therapists two advisory speech and language therapy posts were created for a two-year pilot project.

Child↗
PubMed2000

Leiomyoma of the esophagus associated with bronchial obstruction owing to inflammatory pseudotumor in a child.

Although relatively common in adults, leiomyoma of the esophagus is a rare disorder in children. A single case report describes the coexistence of both esophageal and bronchial leiomyoma in a child. The authors describe the diagnostic and treatment challenges encountered in a 2-year-old boy with coexisting inflammatory pseudotumor and esophageal leiomyoma presenting as massive atelectasis.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1989

Hepatic portal venous gas in adults: importance of ultrasonography in early diagnosis and survival.

Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) is an ominous radiologic sign and indicates the need for urgent surgical intervention. The causes are varied, but the commonest and most serious is infarcted bowel. Because HPVG is difficult to detect on plain abdominal x-ray films, more reliable methods have been sought. The authors describe the case of a 31-year-old man to illustrate the need for and benefit of early detection of HPVG using ultrasonography, which was instrumental in the survival of the patient.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteochondral dowel transplantation for repair of focal defects in the knee: an outcome study using an ovine model.

OBJECTIVE: A model system was developed to objectively assess the quality of articular cartilage after surgical reconstruction of focal defects in the median femoral condyle using osteochondral dowel grafts. STUDY DESIGN: The surgical technique was developed and customized to reproducibly minimize surgical trauma and graft instability in order to improve the survival of the transplanted cartilage and the long-term integrity of the joint surfaces. ANIMALS OR SAMPLE POPULATION: 24 adult female Suffolk-Romanoff crossbred sheep. METHODS: Biomechanical creep testing, paravital staining for chondrocyte viability, histological analysis, and gross morphological analysis were performed at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively to compare fresh autografted osteochondral dowels with allografts that had been subject to a freezing protocol known to kill chondrocytes. The latter was used to investigate the time course of cartilage degeneration after injury. These two groups were also compared with normal unoperated control tissue. RESULTS: Biomechanical behavior, chondrocyte survival, and cartilage histology differed significantly between fresh grafts and those that had been frozen. CONCLUSIONS: Indentation testing and paravital staining were able to identify degenerative changes earlier than other methods of assessment. The technique developed here reproducibly and reliably transplanted osteochondral dowel grafts while minimizing the confounding effects of surgical trauma and graft instability. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The technique provides both a promising surgical technique for the repair of focal defects of the medial femoral condyle and a sensitive model for the future study of cryopreservation strategies for articular cartilage.

Animals↗