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Biomedical subjects

S Melin

Publications and source records attributed to S Melin.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

MHC gene configuration variation in geographically disparate populations of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus).

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II DRB genotypes were examined in two geographically isolated populations of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) (Gulf of California and California coastal Pacific Ocean). Genomic DNA from 227 California sea lions was examined using eight sequence-specific primer (SSP) pairs flanking the putative peptide-binding site. A total of 40 different Zaca-DRB genotype configurations were identified among the 227 individuals. Using SSP-PCR, significant differences were found between coastal California and Gulf of California Zalophus populations in numbers of DRB sequences per individual and configuration of sequences within individuals. Additionally, unique local patterns of MHC diversity were identified among the Midriff Island animals. These population differences are consistent with either ecologically distinct patterns of selection pressures and/or geographical isolation. The consequences of these partitioned MHC configurations at the population level are as yet unknown; however, the worldwide increase in emerging marine diseases lends urgency to their examination.

California↗
PubMed1992

Simultaneous chemoradiation in the treatment of advanced head and neck cancer.

Fifty-eight patients with either advanced or unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were randomly selected to receive either twice daily radiation alone or twice daily radiation plus concomitant chemotherapy with cisplatin and fluorouracil (5-fluorouracil). There was no advantage in survival or time to progression with the addition of chemotherapy to twice daily radiation for patients with advanced resectable cancers. In the group of patients with unresectable cancers, however, there was a statistically significant advantage to the addition of chemotherapy, both in terms of disease-free survival and date to progression.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A double-blind comparison between a new multidose powder inhaler (Turbuhaler) and metered dose inhaler in children with asthma.

Turbuhaler is a ready-loaded multiple dose inhaler which does not require co-ordination between release of dose and inhalation. 57 children with asthma participated in this clinical trial to compare the clinical effect and acceptance of terbutaline sulphate via Turbuhaler with that of metered dose inhaler (MDI). The trial consisted of two parts. In the first part of the study, which made use of a double-blind cross-over design, the clinical effect and number of treatment occasions with Turbuhaler were compared with those of MDI. In the second part, which was open, all patients were treated with Turbuhaler for 2 weeks. At the end of this period the patients were asked to make a subjective assessment of effect and to state their preference. There was no difference in clinical effect and number of treatment occasions between Turbuhaler and MDI. A majority of the patients thought Turbuhaler had the best effect and was easy to use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effects of inhaled N-acetylcysteine in combination with terbutaline.

The additional effect of N-acetylcysteine in combination with inhaled terbutaline was studied in a controlled randomized double-blind cross-over study of one week periods in 22 patients with stable reversible chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The patients improved clinically, more during the period with acetylcysteine in combination with terbutaline, than during the period with placebo/terbutaline. The differences were particularly noticeable on the parameters 'difficulties in raising sputum' and 'number of coughs'. Seventeen of 22 patients felt greater improvement during the period with acetylcysteine. Also a small improvement in FEV1 was found by addition of acetylcysteine. No side-effects of acetylcysteine were reported in this combination.

Acetylcysteine↗