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Biomedical subjects

S Mendelsohn

Publications and source records attributed to S Mendelsohn.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Topical tacrolimus in the management of peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum.

BACKGROUND: Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum (PPG) is a potentially disabling disease in stoma patients. Topical tacrolimus has been shown to be effective in the management of pyoderma gangrenosum. Unfortunately, greasy topical treatments may be impractical for PPG because of impaired appliance adhesion. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this open study was to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of topical tacrolimus 0.3% formulated in carmellose sodium paste compared with topical corticosteroid preparations in the management of PPG. RESULTS: A total of 11 patients with PPG received treatment with topical tacrolimus 0.3% in Orabase trade mark and 13 with topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% as monotherapy in each case. Seven of the tacrolimus-treated group healed completely (mean time to healing: 5.1 weeks) compared with five of the clobetasol propionate-treated group (mean time to healing: 6.5 weeks). Topical tacrolimus was significantly more effective than clobetasol propionate in managing larger PPG lesions (ulcer diameter > 2 cm). In six patients, who had failed to respond adequately to multiple systemic and topical treatments for PPG, the addition of topical tacrolimus was associated with healing of PPG within 6 weeks. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that topical tacrolimus 0.3% in Orabase trade mark is a more effective and expeditious treatment than clobetasol propionate 0.05% for PPG. It is significantly more effective than clobetasol propionate 0.05% in managing lesions larger than 2 cm in diameter. Topical tacrolimus may be highly effective when other systemic or topical treatments have been unsuccessful.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2000

A method for detecting current temporal clusters of toxic events through data monitoring by poison control centers.

BACKGROUND: Poison control centers have become a widely recognized source of data for chemical and other environmental exposures. Concurrently, increased emphasis on early identification of temporal clustering of toxic exposures has stimulated development of sensitive statistical methods to detect clusters at the time of occurrence. METHOD: This paper discusses the scan test which has been applied to retrospective data to detect carbon monoxide poisoning clusters. We propose a more sensitive method, based on the binomial distribution to detect current clusters of only 1 or more days duration during the ongoing data collection and monitoring process. RESULTS: Applied to daily carbon monoxide poisoning incidence data on which the scan test has been applied, the new test for current clustering evidently has much more power. For retrospective identification of previous clusters lasting more than 1 day, the scan test is recommended. However, for previous daily clusters, a third method is recommended. CONCLUSION: Certain toxic events such as carbon monoxide poisoning occasionally occur in daily clusters, or in clusters lasting a few days. Timely detection of clusters requires application of early intervention strategies fostered by sensitive statistical methods of detection, as presented here.

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning↗
PubMed1999

Unique immunobullous disease in a child with a predominantly IgA response to three desmosomal proteins.

We report the case of a 15-year-old girl who presented at 11 years of age with an interesting, acquired and, to our knowledge, unique blistering disease. It involved both skin and mucous membranes with extensive oral and periungual lesions, clinically resembling paraneoplastic pemphigus. Skin biopsy showed an inflammatory cell infiltrate in the upper dermis with numerous leucocytoclastic nuclear fragments, neutrophilic papillary microabscesses and a small subepidermal bulla. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence studies showed marked intercellular staining with IgA and less prominent staining with IgG. Granular deposition of IgA and, to a lesser extent IgG and C3, was also seen along the basement membrane zone. Immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay studies showed both IgG and IgA antibodies to desmocollin, desmoglein 3 and desmoplakin. However, despite extensive investigation, no underlying neoplasm was found. Treatment with dapsone and sulphapyridine proved ineffective but methylprednisolone and azathioprine have reduced the blistering. We believe that this patient is unique for her combination of IgA and IgG antibodies to desmoplakin, desmocollin and desmoglein 3, although further studies may provide further clarification.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1993

Basal cell carcinoma: a diagnostic opportunity for the dental surgeon.

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer and usually occurs in the head and neck region. Most basal cell carcinomas grow slowly and behave in a relatively benign, nonaggressive fashion, but a proportion of them grow rapidly and infiltrate the structures beneath the skin. The dental surgeon may well come across this tumour and is in an ideal situation to recognize it. The aim of this article is to describe the clinical features of this common skin tumour and to provide a differential diagnosis. Early recognition of a basal cell carcinoma by the dental practitioner means that the patient can be referred for a specialist opinion and the tumour treated while it is still small.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Flawed survey.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Attitude↗
PubMed1985

Allergic contact dermatitis to epoxy resin in ostomy bags.

Six ostomy patients presenting with peristomal rashes have been shown to be allergic to their ostomy bags and to epoxy resin. Subsequent investigation confirmed the presence in the bags of low molecular weight epoxy resin oligomers, which are known as potent contact sensitizers.

Colostomy↗
PubMed1984

Pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle: diagnosis by gated radioisotope imaging.

Because pseudoaneurysms of the left ventricle, although rare, can rupture, their differentiation from true aneurysm is desirable. A case is described in which a pseudoaneurysm was diagnosed noninvasively by means of a gated radioisotope ventriculogram. The diagnosis was made by noting a narrow neck leading to a large chamber. The pseudoaneurysm was successfully excised at surgery.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1983

Displacement of alpha- and beta-radioligands by specific adrenergic agonists in rat pancreatic islets.

Secretion of insulin is increased by beta-adrenergic agonists and inhibited by alpha-adrenergic agonists. However, administration of epinephrine, which acts on both types of receptors, inhibits insulin secretion. A preliminary study using [3H]-dihydroergocryptine and [3H]-dihydroalprenolol as the respective alpha- and beta-receptor binding ligands, surprisingly revealed a preponderance of beta-binding sites in normal rat pancreatic islets. The present study, using displacement by epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol and clonidine validated the use of these radioligands as appropriate for specific receptor binding in pancreatic islet cells. The islets were found to have 55 fmol/mg protein of alpha-adrenergic receptor sites and 170 fmol/mg protein of beta-receptor sites. The affinity of both alpha- and beta-receptors for epinephrine was similar, as judged by the displacement of either radioligand, thus ruling out a preferential affinity of alpha-receptor binding as an explanation for the alpha-inhibition of insulin secretion. The data on radioligand displacement by clonidine indicate that the alpha-receptor is of the alpha 2-type.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A new method for quantification of aortic regurgitation during cardiac catheterization.

Clinical methods of estimating aortic insufficiency are unsatisfactory. We developed a radioisotope method of quantitating aortic regurgitant volume. The method is easily performed, convenient, and can be carried out repetitively. The mathematical derivation of the method is presented and a mechanical model is used to verify assumptions. The potential utility and possible difficulties of applying the method clinically are discussed.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1973

SP62, a viable mutant of bacteriophage T4D defective in regulation of phage enzyme synthesis.

SP62 is a mutant of bacteriophage T4D that was discovered because it produces fewer phage than the wild type in the presence of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. In the absence of phage DNA synthesis, SP62 solubilizes host DNA slower than normal; this may explain the sensitivity to 5-fluorodeoxyuridine. In Escherichia coli B at 37 C in the absence of drugs, SP62 makes DNA at a normal rate and the kinetics of appearance of phage are nearly normal. Under the same conditions, SP62 produces T4 lysozyme (gene e) at a normal rate until 20 min, but then produces it at twice the normal rate until at least 60 min. It has long been known that, when T4 DNA synthesis is blocked (DNA(-) state) in an otherwise normal infection, the synthesis of a number of early enzymes continues beyond the shutoff time of about 12 min seen in the DNA(+) state, but still stops at about 20 min. We have termed the 12-min shutoff event S1 and the 20-min shutoff event S2. We show here that, in the DNA(+) state, SP62 makes four early enzymes normally, i.e., S1 occurs. However, in the DNA(-) state (where S1 is missing), SP62 continues to make dCTPase (gene 56), dCMP hydroxymethylase (gene 42), and deoxynucleotide kinase (gene 1) for at least an hour; this results in production of up to 13 times the normal level of dCTPase at 60 min after infection, or 6 times the DNA(-) level. We conclude that SP62 is defective in the second shutoff mechanism, S2, for these three enzymes. In contrast, SP62 causes premature cessation of dTMP synthetase production in the DNA(-) state; the result is a twofold underproduction of dTMP synthetase. Autoradiograms of pulse-labeled proteins separated by slab-gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate show that a number of other T4 early proteins, including the products of genes 45, 46, and rIIA, are synthesized longer than normal by SP62 in the DNA(-) state. Few late proteins are made in the DNA(-) state, but in autoradiograms examining the DNA(+) state there is little or no effect of the SP62 mutation on the synthesis of T4 late or early proteins. Circumstantial evidence is presented favoring a role for the gene of SP62 in translation of certain mRNAs. At very high temperatures (above 43 C) in the absence of drugs, phage production, but not DNA synthesis, is much reduced in SP62 infections relative to wild-type T4 infections; this temperature sensitivity is greater on E. coli CR63 than on E. coli B. This property has facilitated recognition of the SP62 genotype and aided in complementation testing and genetic mapping. A later publication will provide evidence that SP62 defines a new T4 gene named regA, which maps between genes 43 and 62.

Coliphages↗
PubMed1971

Mutants in a nonessential gene of bacteriophage T4 which are defective in the degradation of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid.

Wild-type bacteriophage T4 was enriched for mutants which fail to degrade Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by the following method. E. coli B was labeled in DNA at high specific activity with tritiated thymidine ((3)H-dT) and infected at low multiplicity with unmutagenized T4D. At 25 min after infection, the culture was lysed and stored. Wild-type T4 degrades the host DNA and incorporates the (3)H-dT into the DNA of progeny phage; mutants which fail to degrade the host DNA make unlabeled progeny phage. Wild-type progeny are eventually inactivated by tritium decay; mutants survive. Such mutants were found at a frequency of about 1% in the survivors. Eight mutants are in a single complementation group called denA located near gene 63. Four of these mutants which were examined in detail leave the bulk of the host DNA in large fragments. All eight mutants exhibit much less than normal T4 endonuclease II activity. The mutants produce somewhat fewer phage and less DNA than does wild-type T4.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗