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Biomedical subjects

S Meske

Publications and source records attributed to S Meske.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

MRI of knee arthritis in rheumatoid arthritis and spondylarthropathies.

The knees of fifty-two patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 22 patients with seronegative spondylarthopathies (SA) as well as of 20 healthy volunteers were examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Osseous erosions (RA 52%-SA 18%; P less than 0.005), Baker cysts (RA 56%-SA 12%; P less than 0.005), pannus formation (RA 67%-SA 36%; P less than 0.05), and cartilage thinning with narrowing of the joint space (RA 46%-SA 18%; P less than 0.05) proved to be more frequent MRI findings in patients with RA. Additionally, in patients with RA erosions were more extensive. Follow-up MRI examinations of 19 patients revealed an improvement in MRI changes in SA within an average interval of 6 months. No substantial changes were noted in 7 of 13 RA patients. Quantitative and qualitative MRI findings of knee arthritis differ in patients with RA and SA and this was statistically significant. However, as there is considerable overlap of the MRI and radiographic changes in both groups the discriminating diagnostic value in the individual case was limited.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Successful therapy of meningococcal sepsis in acute disseminated lupus erythematosus with plasmapheresis, immunosuppression, and antibiotics.

A 17-year-old female with a 5-year history of disseminated lupus erythematosus has remained without immunosuppressive therapy for the last 3 years. She was admitted to the hospital for acute abdominal pain, generalized edema, and rapidly developing dyspnea and somnolence. Although all symptoms were consistent with active SLE, septicemia was suspected because of leukocytosis (20,000/microliters), greatly elevated C-reactive protein (45 mg/dl), and normal complement values (C3 0.74 g/l, C4 0.21 g/l). Directly after bacterial blood cultures were prepared, a combined treatment was instituted consisting of plasmapheresis (3 x 2.1 l against fresh frozen plasma), antibiotics, prednisolone, and cyclophosphamide following the last plasmapheresis. Within three days cerebral function returned to normal, edema improved, and CRP fell to 0.5 mg/dl. The blood cultures and pericardial effusion displayed meningococcal colonies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Rheumatoid arthritis lesions of the wrist examined by rapid gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging.

Alterations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relaxation time and intensity can be helpful in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) lesions like synovial infiltration, local inflammation and exudation. Fast low angle shot magnetic resonance imaging (FLASH-MRI) is a rapid method showing anatomy and inflammatory pathology of the examined joint comparable to late spin echo T2 images. The following study presents our results of FLASH-MRI wrist examinations of 15 patients suffering from RA according the ARA criteria and 10 healthy volunteers compared to T1 and T2 weighted MR-images and conventional X-rays.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1987

[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography of the sacroiliac joint. A new examination technic in the differential diagnosis of rheumatic diseases of the lumbosacral transition].

25 patients with the clinical diagnoses of possible sacroiliitis were investigated by Magnetic Resonance Tomography (MR). Using axial or coronal tomography in a T1-weighted sequence (7 slices, 1 echo, NEX: 2, slice thickness 8 mm, TR: 600 ms, TE: 33 ms) and in a T2-weighted sequence (7 slices, 4 echos, NEX: 2, slice thickness 8 mm, TR: 1800 ms, TE: 33, 66, 99, 132 ms) we found normal sacroiliac joints in 10 patients, in 12 patients we diagnosed a sacroiliitis, in 3 patients a sacroiliac sclerosis. Descriptive evaluation and T2-calculation we showed, that MR is specific in differentiation of inflammation from sclerosis. The mean T2-relaxation time is 126 ms in healthy subjects, 320 ms in sacroiliitis and 87 ms in sclerotic areas. The results are significant in the Student-T-test (5% level). In addition the method allows the distinction of sclerosis from inflammation with a resolution of 2 mm. In evaluating sacroiliac rheumatic diseases MR may be helpful as a new imaging technique to complete the information of conventional radiography, computer assisted tomography and scintigraphy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Kidney function in therapy with non-steroidal antiphlogistic drugs. A double-blind cross-over study with diclofenac, indomethacin and piroxicam].

The effect of piroxicam (1 x 20 mg daily), diclofenac (2 x 50 mg daily) and indomethacin (3 x 25 mg daily) on renal function was compared in a double-blind cross-over study of 33 patients with various rheumatologic diseases. Individuals with preexisting renal impairment were excluded. In 16 patients piroxicam was compared with diclofenac. In another group of 17 patients piroxicam was compared with indomethacin. Each drug was given for 28 days. The mean inhibition of renal prostaglandin E2 by the three drugs was comparable. There was no significant alteration of the renal function parameters in any of the drugs. These results confirm that nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs with short (diclofenac, indomethacin) but also with long half life (piroxicam) do not decrease renal function in individuals without renal impairment.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Attempt at staging articular changes in rheumatoid arthritis using magnetic resonance tomography exemplified by the wrist joint].

Sixty-four examinations of the wrist in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by magnetic resonance imaging using a 0.23 TESLA magnet showed a great sensitivity in detecting proliferative partly exudative or destructive synovialitis, as is common in rheumatoid arthritis. In accordance to the Larsen system for grading rheumatoid arthritis lesions by conventional x-ray, we establish a clinically relevant magnetic resonance grading system which is able to diversify the stages of destruction and inflammative activity in rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Induction of chemiluminescence of human granulocytes by monocyte factors from patients with chronic polyarthritis and arthrosis].

The supernatant of peripheral blood monocytes, cultured with autologous sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, stimulates healthy human granulocytes to significantly elevated chemiluminescence (p = 0.05) compared with supernatants of monocytes from osteoarthritic patients or healthy volunteers. Cultures without autologous sera or with heat-inactivated sera demonstrate this effect less significantly (p = 0.05). The peak chemiluminescence is slightly correlated with the titer of rheumatoid factor (r = 0.42 in latex fixation, r = 0.45 in the Waaler-Rose test). The elevated release of monokines, especially interleukin I from monocytes of rheumatoid arthritis patients triggered by rheumatoid factors, immunocomplexes, complement compounds and other serum factors, may explain the phenomenon.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spontaneous pneumoperitoneum in progressive systemic sclerosis (generalized scleroderma)].

In a twenty-nine year old female patient with progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) (PSS) and an impressing involvement of the intestine (disturbance of the oesophageal motility, pseudo-obstruction, malabsorption) a spontaneous, asymptomatic pneumoperitoneum is observed. Perforation or pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) could not be proved. The possible pathogenesis, course, prognosis and therapy of this rare complication are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Liberation of the oxygen radical from peripheral human phagocytes (granulocytes and monocytes) in patients with chronic polyarthritis].

Monocytes from patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis show a significantly higher release of O2-radicals in the chemiluminescence assay (2925 X 10(3) cpm) than those of healthy volunteers (267 X 10(3) cpm) (p = 0.01). This difference does not appear in a similar test with granulocytes, which in both groups tested show a mean chemiluminescence of 2739 X 10(3) and 2547 X 10(3) cpm. The chemiluminescence of monocytes is clearly time-course dependent: in the morning we saw the least response, at noon the highest. Following our results, corticosteroids lower chemiluminescence significantly (p = 0.05), while non steroidal antirheumatic drugs and long-term therapy with gold compounds, etc., do not affect chemiluminescence.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Initial results of the clinical use of the immunostimulant bestatin (3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyryl leucine) in patients with chronic polyarthritis].

We tested the efficacy of the immunomodulator Bestatin, which has been successfully applied in Japan, in a preliminary open study in ten patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis. Patients whose arthritis was characterized by a low humoral activity showed a partial remission of the disease after six months' application of increasing doses of 10-60 mg in 48 hours. We found a significant increase in superoxide release from peripheral monocytes. Humoral parameters of inflammation such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C3a complement fraction, prostaglandin E2, and thromboxane B2 decreased. Concerning the subpopulations of lymphocytes we found a slight increase of activated T-lymphocytes and a decrease of O-cells and B-cells. The T-helper/T-suppressor ratio remained unchanged. The rheumatoid factor and the antinuclear antibodies showed no alteration under the treatment. Two weeks after withdrawal of Bestatin the improvement of the clinical and humoral parameter of the inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis vanished. No serious side effects were seen. Our results contribute to a long-term controlled study of the immunomodulator Bestatin as basic drug in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗