HMG-COA reductase inhibitor cerivastatin prolonged rat cardiac allograft survival by blocking intercellular signals.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
S Mieno
Publications and source records attributed to S Mieno.
Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel plays a dominant role in ischemic preconditioning of rabbit heart.
BACKGROUND: The ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel has been shown to be important in the ischemic preconditioning (IPC) response. Recently, the mitochondrial rather than the sarcolemmal K(ATP) channel has been focused on due to its energy-modulating property. Hence, this study was undertaken to elucidate the role of the mitochondrial K(ATP) channel in IPC by modulating the mitochondrial K(ATP) channel in isolated perfused rabbit hearts. METHODS: Seven hearts served as a control with no interventions. Seven hearts underwent IPC consisting of two 5-min cycles of global ischemia followed by 5 min of reperfusion. Seven hearts received the selective mitochondrial K(ATP) channel blocker 5-dehydroxydecanoate (5-HD, 100 microM) for 5 min before IPC, and 7 hearts received the selective mitochondrial K(ATP) channel opener diazoxide (50 microM) for 5 min. Then, all hearts were subjected to 1 h of left anterior descending coronary artery ischemia and 1 h of reperfusion. Left ventricular pressures, monophasic action potentials and coronary flow were measured throughout the experiment and infarct size was detected at the end of experiment. RESULTS: (1) The mitochondria-selective K(ATP) channel opener diazoxide reduced infarct size as compared to control (p < 0.05); (2) IPC reduced infarct size and preserved postischemic diastolic function as compared to control (p < 0.05), and (3) the mitochondria-selective K(ATP) channel blocker 5-HD reversed these effects. CONCLUSION: The mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel may be a potential site of cardioprotection.
Action Potentials↗
[A case report of vein graft rupture (post-CABG) by poststernotomy mediastinitis].
Mediastinitis after cardiac surgery is a serious complication with high mortality rates. A 66-year-old woman undergoing CABG developed mediastinitis due to MRSA. The infection was treated by radical debridement and continuous mediastinal irrigation. At the 9th day of irrigation, vein graft rupture with massive bleeding was suddenly occurred and instantly surgical repair (suture of ruptured vein graft) and omental transposition were done. We conclude that omental flap transposition is effective in the management of mediastinitis after cardiac surgery.
Aged↗
[Rupture of thoracic aorta due to blunt trauma: a report of three cases].
Three cases of the thoracic aortic rupture due to blunt trauma were successfully treated. All of the cases were young male motorcyclists. The chest X-ray on admission showed either a widened mediastinum or an apical extrapleural cap sign. Ruptures were confirmed by an enhanced CT clearly showing the presence of a psuedoaneurysm and a hematoma around the isthmus of the aorta. One of them was operated upon urgently and others in whom heparin could not be used because of associated injuries were operated upon electively two and three months after the traffic accident, respectively. In two of them, aneurysms were removed and replaced with dacron grafts and in the remaining one, the aneurysm was resected and repaired directly under the femoro-femoral bypass. Post-operative courses were uneventful. They discharged and are doing well after the treatment for associated injuries. In view of the high early mortality of aortic rupture, an early diagnosis and treatment is important. But in the case who has stable hemodynamics and contraindication for heparinization, a delayed operation may be recommended.
Accidents, Traffic↗
[Method for evaluating the masticatory function. Masseter muscle cross-sectional image by X-ray CT scan].
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Humans↗
Na(+)/H(+) exchanger inhibitor HOE642 offers myoprotection in senescent myocardium independent of ischemic preconditioning mechanisms.
BACKGROUND: Inhibition of Na(+)/H(+) exchange has been shown to provide functional protection during ischemia and reperfusion in mature heart. This study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of Na(+)/H(+) exchange inhibitor HOE642 in the aged rabbit heart. METHODS: Isolated rabbit hearts were subjected to 1 h of left descending coronary artery (LAD) ischemia and 1 h of reperfusion. To determine the effects of HOE642 on ischemia/reperfusion injury, seven aged or mature hearts received the Na(+)/H(+) exchange inhibitor HOE642 (1 microM) for 15 min before the ischemia and for 30 min after reperfusion. Seven aged (more than 135 weeks) or mature (15-20 weeks) rabbit hearts served as a control (untreated) with no interventions. Left ventricular pressures, monophasic action potentials and coronary flows were measured throughout the experiment and infarct size was detected at the end of experiment. RESULTS: (1) In the mature hearts, HOE642 improved postischemic functional recovery (63.1 +/- 5.0% vs. 84.4 +/- 5.4%, mature untreated vs. mature HOE, p < 0.05) and reduced infarct size as compared to untreated hearts (42.0 +/- 2.5% vs. 24.8 +/- 2.3%, mature untreated vs. mature HOE, p < 0.05). (2) Although infarct size in aged untreated hearts was significantly decreased as compared to mature untreated hearts (42.0 +/- 2.5% vs. 19.3 +/- 1.6%, mature untreated vs. aged untreated, p < 0.05), there are no significant differences regarding postischemic functional recovery between mature and aged untreated hearts (63.1 +/- 5.0% vs. 59.5 +/- 5.9%, mature untreated vs. aged untreated, p = n.s.). (3) In the aged hearts, HOE642 improved postischemic functional recovery as compared to untreated hearts (59.5 +/- 5.9% vs. 85.9 +/- 8.1%, aged untreated vs. aged HOE, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Na(+)/H(+) exchange inhibitor HOE642 is effective against ischemia-reperfusion injury in senescent as well as mature hearts.
Action Potentials↗
Left ventricular mechanical unloading restores Beta-2-adrenergic receptor mRNA expression and decreases susceptibility to ischemia and reperfusion in the failing heart.
OBJECTIVES: Left ventricular (LV) mechanical unloading is known to reduce the hemodynamic demands of failing LV, resulting in improved myocyte contractility. This study was designed to examine effects of LV unloading on beta-adrenergic receptor (BAR) expression and ischemic susceptibility to ischemia reperfusion. METHODS: Five groups were studied: group 1 [unloading myocardial infarction (MI), n = 6], MI hearts 2 weeks after coronary ligation subjected to LV unloading by heterotopic heart transplantation for 2 weeks; group 2 (2-week MI, n = 6), MI hearts left for 2 weeks without unloading; group 3 (4-week MI, n = 6), MI hearts left for 4 weeks without unloading; group 4 (control, n = 6), normal (non-MI) hearts as a control with no interventions, and group 5 (unloading control, n = 5), normal (non-MI) hearts subjected to LV unloading for 2 weeks. Then, all hearts were isolated and subjected to 20 min of global ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion on Langendorff apparatus. LV pressures and coronary flow were measured throughout the experiment. Either total BAR density or beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (B2AR) mRNA expression in the noninfarcted myocardium was determined by radioligand binding assays or real-time quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS: LV unloading improved postischemic functional recovery (unloading MI vs. 2-week MI vs. 4-week MI: 74 +/- 6 vs. 54 +/- 5 vs. 51 +/- 4%; p < 0.05 vs. unloading MI). LV unloading restored B2AR mRNA expression (unloading MI vs. 2-week MI vs. 4-week MI: 4.78 +/- 0.21 vs. 2.80 +/- 0.19 vs. 2.24 +/- 0.17 x 10(7) copy/microg total RNA; p < 0.05 vs. unloading MI). CONCLUSION: LV mechanical unloading restored B2AR mRNA expression and improved postischemic functional recovery.
Animals↗
Intra-arterial bone marrow cell transplantation induces angiogenesis in rat hindlimb ischemia.
BACKGROUND: Bone marrow (BM) cells have been shown to augment local angiogenesis by differentiating vessels themselves and/or secreting paracrinally angiogenic growth factors. Herein, the angiogenic effects of intra-arterial BM mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) transplantation were evaluated in a rat ischemic hindlimb model. METHODS: Unilateral hindlimb ischemia was created by excising the femoral artery and its branch in Lewis rats. BM-MNCs were isolated by centrifugation through a Histopaque density gradient. One week after excision of the unilateral femoral artery, BM-MNCs (5 x 10(6) cells, Group A, n = 6) or PBS (Group B, n = 7) were injected into the ischemic thigh skeletal muscles at the six points with a gauge needle. Another injection of BM-MNCs (3 x 10(7) cells, Group C, n = 6) or PBS (Group D, n = 7) was administered via the indwelling catheter in the right common iliac artery. RESULTS: Four weeks after the BM-MNC transplantation, angiographic examination revealed the development of collateral vessels in both BM-MNC-transplanted groups. The difference in skin temperature between right and left hindlimbs was significantly reduced in both BM-MNC-transplanted groups (0.93 +/- 0.15 vs. 2.84 +/- 0.35 vs. 1.20 +/- 0.26 vs. 2.61 +/- 0.37 degrees C, Group A vs. Group B vs. Group C vs. Group D, p < 0.05). Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that capillary endothelial cells were increased in both BM-MNC-transplanted groups. CONCLUSION: BM-MNC implantation was able to induce functional neovascularization in rat ischemic hindlimb. The intra-arterial administration offered similar levels of angiogenic activity as intramuscular injection.
Angiography↗