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Biomedical subjects

S Milham

Publications and source records attributed to S Milham.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Improving occupational standardized proportionate mortality ratio analysis by social class stratification.

The standardized proportionate mortality ratio (SPMR) method uses all deaths in all occupations and, therefore, all social classes to compute expected deaths in a single occupational group. By performing SPMR analysis within groups of occupations which are stratified by social class, the occupational contribution to the SPMR can be better identified. Mortality data from Washington state were used as illustrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Mortality in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields.

In an occupational mortality analysis of 486,000 adult male death records filed in Washington State in the years 1950-1982, leukemia and the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas show increased proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) in workers employed in occupations with intuitive exposures to electromagnetic fields. Nine occupations of 219 were considered to have electric or magnetic field exposures. These were: electrical and electronic technicians, radio and telegraph operators, radio and television repairmen, telephone and power linemen, power station operators, welders, aluminum reduction workers, motion picture projectionists and electricians. There were 12,714 total deaths in these occupations. Eight of the nine occupations had PMR increases for leukemia [International Classification of Diseases (ICD), seventh revision 204] and seven of the nine occupations had PMR increases for the other lymphoma category (7th ICD 200.2, 202). The highest PMRs were seen for acute leukemia: (67 deaths observed, 41 deaths expected; PMR 162), and in the other lymphomas (51 deaths observed, 31 deaths expected; PMR 164). No increase in mortality was seen for Hodgkin's disease or multiple myeloma. These findings offer some support for the hypothesis that electric and magnetic fields may be carcinogenic.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Mortality among pulp and paper workers.

Mortality among 2,113 U.S. and Canadian members of the Pulp, Sulfite, and Paper Workers' Union, 1935 through 1964, was studied using a proportionate mortality analysis. Mortality due to gastric cancer was found to be elevated in all jurisdictions, but only in mills using sulfate or sulfite pulping. An excess of mortality due to kidney cancer was limited to mills in Oregon and Washington. Excesses of deaths due to leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and lymphosarcoma were observed only in mills in Oregon, Washington, and Wisconsin and the province of Quebec. Based on small numbers, excesses of deaths due to cancers of rectum, pancreas, kidney, and lymphosarcoma were seen primarily among sulfite process workers, while Hodgkin's disease deaths occurred primarily in sulfate (kraft) process workers. These findings suggest that cancer mortality in pulp and paper workers may be related both to pulping process and to tree species processed.

Canada↗
PubMed1979

Mortality in aluminum reduction plant workers.

Mortality in workers at a northwestern United States prebake-type aluminum reduction plant was examined in a historical prospective (cohort) study. Although the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for all causes of death was low (86), lung cancer (SMR 117), pancreatic cancer (SMR 180), lymphatic and hematopoietic cancers (SMR 184), fatal benign tumors of the brain (SMR 391), and pulmonary emphysema (SMR 204) showed excess deaths. Analysis of mortality by job-exposure category, duration of employment and latency suggests that some of the lymphatic and hematopoietic cancers (especially malignant lymphoma), lung cancers and pulmonary emphysema may be of occupational origin in this worker population.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Studies of morbidity near a copper smelter.

Children living near a copper smelter in Tacoma, Washington, have been shown to have increased levels of urinary and hair arsenic. Studies of hearing, blood status and school attendance in exposed and nonexposed children failed to detect any differences in these parameters.

Absenteeism↗