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Biomedical subjects

S Misra

Publications and source records attributed to S Misra.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Nerve conduction studies in upper limbs of patients with cervical spondylosis and motor neurone disease.

Proximal conduction studies by F-wave technique, with conventional distal motor and sensory conduction were performed along the ulnar nerves of 20 patients each with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy and/or myelopathy and with classical motor neurone disease (MND). Such F-wave parameters as shortest F-latency, F-conduction velocity, conduction time and F-ratio were calculated. Twenty-five age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers acted as controls. Proximal slowing associated with sensory conduction abnormalities and normal distal motor conduction favored cervical spondylosis (CS). Distal slowing with a normal proximal motor and sensory conduction was associated with motor neurone disease.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1988

Stage-specific antibody response of Mastomys natalensis during the course of Dipetalonema viteae infection.

Stage-specific haemagglutinating (HA) and precipitin antibodies (PA) to infective larvae (L3), adult worms and microfilariae (mf) have been demonstrated in sera of Mastomys natalensis during the course of Dipetalonema viteae infection using indirect haemagglutination (IHA) and Ouchterlony's gel-diffusion tests. L3-specific HA antibody titre was shown to be quite low and lasted for shorter period whereas adult-specific antibody response was significantly higher and persisted for longer duration (beyond day 240 post exposure). No precipitin antibody to L3 stage could be detected, however, significant adult-specific antibody was detected which ultimately tapered off by day 210 post exposure (p.e.). In contrast, mf-specific PA which appeared at the beginning of patency, never disappeared even at the late stage of infection. Mf-specific HA antibody appeared at early incubation period (day 15 p.e.) and after exhibiting two peaks, one in the midst of prepatent period (day 30 p.e.) and the other on day 180 p.e. persisted at low level during the late stage of infection when amicrofilaraemia developed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Dipetalonema viteae in Mastomys natalensis: effect of pregnancy and lactation on establishment and course of infection.

The susceptibility of hosts to filarial infection during pregnancy and lactation was studied using Dipetalonema viteae in Mastomys natalensis as working model. Though no difference in prepatency could be observed yet significantly higher density of microfilaraemia than controls was detected in both pregnant and lactating groups. Extended duration of patency was also found in both pregnant and lactating animals. On autopsy, animals exposed at the time of pregnancy or lactation revealed significantly higher recovery of adult worms as compared to normal controls. Thus pregnancy and/or lactation may lead to higher density and duration of microfilaraemia and enhanced establishment of adult worms in female mastomys which are otherwise less susceptible to filarial infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Cerebellar ataxia and total albinism.

In this report a family is described where cerebellar ataxia occurred along with total albinism. A possibility of syntenic condition of the two genes responsible for the traits could explain the occurrence of the two conditions. The presence of two traits singly in the sibs reflects a recombinant event and suggests that the linkage is not absolute. Chromosomal study did not show any structural or numerical anomalies except in 1/50 metaphase plates scored in the proband (with cerebellar ataxia) where in chromosome No. 14 proximal intense band (21) seemed to be shifted, inv. (14) (q13q23?). The affected sibs with ataxia and albinism or ataxia alone depicted relatively a lower sister chromatid exchange (SCE) rate than their parents and age matched controls.

Albinism↗
PubMed1987

Assessment of autonomic dysfunction in Guillain-Barré syndrome and its prognostic implications.

Twenty-four patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome were prospectively evaluated for evidence of autonomic dysfunction. It occurred in 16 (66.7%) patients, usually during the peak period of paralysis, in the form of either excess or inadequate activity of sympathetic and/or parasympathetic nervous systems. Its clinical manifestations comprised of sinus tachycardia (33.3%), bradycardia (8.3%), hypertension (33.3%), postural hypotension (35%), urinary sphincteric disturbances (20.8%) and anhydrosis of lower limbs (12.5%). Assessment of cardiovascular responses to autonomic function tests revealed impaired alterations in heart rate during deep breathing (31.6%), Valsalva's manoeuvre (28.6%), sustained handgrip (25%), cold-pressor test (36.4%), postural change (35%) and atropine test (20%); and impaired rise in blood pressure during firm handgrip (25%) and cold-pressor test (36.6%). ECG abnormalities were noticed in 8 (33.3%) patients. They comprised of depressed ST segment in 5, inverted T wave in 3, tall T wave in 2 and prolonged QTc in 2 patients. Two patients died of respiratory failure. Autonomic dysfunction in Guillain-Barré syndrome did not appear to have any prognostic significance as there was no significant difference in autonomic dysfunction between good - and bad - outcome groups of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of the multitest medium for rapid presumptive identification of Vibrio cholerae from environmental sources.

The multitest V. cholerae medium (VC medium) for rapid presumptive identification of Vibrio cholerae was evaluated. On the basis of reactions in the VC medium, 379 strains recovered during a yearlong ecological study in Calcutta were presumptively identified as V. cholerae. Further phenotypic characterization of these strains revealed that the reactions of 371 (97.9%) isolates were consistent with that of V. cholerae. False-positive reactions were exhibited by eight (2.1%) strains, three of which were identified as Vibrio fluvialis biotype 1. By slightly varying the basic formulation of the VC medium, we could eliminate some false-positive reactions. On the basis of the present evaluation, we recommend the routine use of the VC medium.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1986

Does non-clinical decompression stress lead to brain damage in abalone divers?

Abalone divers are subject to considerable decompression stresses and could be at risk of progressive cognitive impairment. A sample of abalone divers was compared with a sample of fishermen, by means of a battery of neuropsychological tests. No evidence of cognitive impairment was found in the divers, in spite of evidence of their exposure to decompression stress. The implications for other professional divers and for recreational underwater divers who follow standard decompression protocols are reassuring.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of microsomal ATPases from developing human placenta.

Activities and some properties of microsomal ATPases have been studied in developing human placenta. The enzyme activities (Na+ + K+ + Mg2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ dependent) in the placenta increase steadily with gestational age until the 18th to 21st week, and decrease in the second half of pregnancy. Mg2+-dependent and Na+ + K+ + Mg2+-dependent ATPases possess nearly the same Km (apparent) for ATP, while the Ca2+-dependent enzyme shows a different one. Mg2+-dependent ATPase shows higher substrate affinity than Ca2+-dependent ATPase, although the Vmax of the Mg2+-dependent enzyme is lower than that of the latter. However, for each enzyme, the Km remains almost constant and Vmax varies during ontogenic development. Vmax of the enzymes decline at term. The enzymes are heat-labile, unaffected by amino acids, namely, L-phenylalanine, L-leucine, and L-tryptophan, and deoxycholate inhibits the enzyme activities by about 50%.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1986

Muscle dysfunction in male hypogonadism.

Twenty-eight consecutive male patients with primary and secondary hypogonadism (14 each) were evaluated clinically and electrophysiologically for muscle dysfunction. Although generalised muscle weakness was initially reported by only 9 patients, on direct questioning, it was recorded in 19. Objective weakness was found in 13 patients and it involved both the proximal and distal limb muscles. Quantitative electromyography showed evidence of myopathy in the proximal muscle in 25 patients, i.e., reduced MUP duration and amplitude with increased polyphasia in the deltoid and the gluteus maximus. There were no denervation potentials. None of the patients showed clinical neuropathy or NCV abnormalities. Thus, the profile of muscle involvement in hypogonadism closely simulates limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and other endocrine myopathies. The incidence of muscle involvement was higher in secondary hypogonadism. Diminished androgens in primary hypogonadism and diminished growth hormone in the secondary hypogonadism are probably responsible for the myopathy.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1986

Ontogeny of neutrophil chemotaxis in fetal lambs.

Ontogeny of neutrophil chemotactic response using endotoxin activated adult sheep plasma as a source of complement derived chemotactic factor was examined in fetal lambs of gestational age 120-150 days. (Gestational period in sheep is approximately 150 days.) Neutrophils from fetal lambs of gestational age 120-130 days failed to respond to this chemotactic factor whereas neutrophils from fetal lambs above 131 days of gestational age responded at levels comparable to adult values. Examination of neutrophil chemotaxis in older fetuses using a different chemotactic factor derived from mitogen stimulated adult mononuclear cells revealed a selective failure of fetal neutrophils to respond to lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor in the presence of a normal response to complement derived chemotactic factor. Among prematurely delivered twin fetuses alterations in comparison with the first twin or age-matched controls in peripheral neutrophil count (increase) and in chemotaxis (increase or decrease) were noted in second of twins delivered greater than or equal to 20 min after the first lamb, suggesting an extreme sensitivity of neutrophil functions to a variety of influences, similar to that seen in humans.

Animals↗