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Biomedical subjects

S Mogensen

Publications and source records attributed to S Mogensen.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Long-term oxygen therapy in chronic respiratory insufficiency].

The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the accordance between the indications used for prescription of continuous domiciliary oxygen and the guidelines recommended by the Danish Society of Pulmonary Medicine. Sixty-two patients with chronic hypoxic respiratory insufficiency in chronic domiciliary oxygen therapy were investigated. Only one patient fulfilled all the prescribed recommendations and, in general, there were no registrations of compliance or of follow-ups in the patient records.

Denmark↗
PubMed1995

Nail abnormalities in nondermatologic patients: prevalence and possible role as diagnostic aids.

BACKGROUND: Nail changes have traditionally been used as diagnostic aids. Their usefulness in general and predictive value in particular, however, is not known. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to survey nail changes and to clarify the potential of nail abnormalities to diagnose nondermatologic diseases. METHODS: The fingernails of 567 patients admitted to general medical and surgical wards were examined. The point prevalence rates were calculated on the basis of a binomial distribution. The results were compared with the diagnosis with logistic regression analysis correcting for age and sex. RESULTS: The most common findings were absence of lunulae (22.9% [19.5% to 26.6%]), white nails or apparent leukonychia (11.8% [9.3% to 14.8%]), and red lunulae (5.1% [3.5% to 7.3%]). The following significant associations were noted: pulmonary disease and clubbing (odds ratio[OR] = 4.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.7 to 9.5), hematologic disease and brittle nails (OR = 4.6, 95% CI = 1.6 to 13.7), hematologic disease and Terry nails (OR = 8.7, 95% CI = 2.7 to 27.0), gastrointestinal disease and pincer nails (OR = 33.6, 95% CI = 3.7 to 307.3), and gastrointestinal disease and subjective complaints (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.4 to 5.0). CONCLUSION: Several significant associations were identified, suggesting that nail abnormalities can be diagnostic clues in the diagnosis of chronic nondermatologic diseases. An association between pincer nails and gastrointestinal disease has not been previously described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Is multiple sclerosis caused by a dual infection with retrovirus and Epstein-Barr virus?

Although the etiology of multiple sclerosis is as yet unknown, epidemiological observations strongly point toward one or more infectious agent(s) being involved in the disease. In recent years some studies have indicated involvement of retrovirus in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, an intrafamilial epidemiological study revealed that MS and the known human retroviruses had a divergent epidemiology. Some studies have shown the association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with MS and one recent study revealed dual infection by retrovirus and EBV in a cell line established from a patient with an MS-like disease. Our hypothesis for the development of MS and MS-like diseases is that a hitherto uncharacterized retrovirus is the etiological agent, but development of neurologic disease is related to or even dependent on a delayed EBV infection. The dual infection hypothesis is analyzed and found to be consistent with the epidemiological characteristics of MS.

Cluster Analysis↗
PubMed1989

[Readmitted patients at a medical ward. 1. Health conditions].

The object of this investigation was to describe the health and social-medical conditions of readmitted patients and to assess which of these conditions was the main reason for readmission. A total of 166 patients (with an average age of 73 years) readmitted to the ward within three months of the last discharge from the ward were interviewed about their health, social and housing conditions in the period prior to admission. In this first report from the investigation it was found that 57% were readmitted within one month. 71% stated that they had experienced symptoms from the heart and/or respiratory system and 52% had experienced symptoms from the locomotor system. Only 13% did not receive any daily prescription drugs. Approximately 1/3 considered their health to be good and 1/3 poor, respectively. These results were compared with the data available in the literature about the health conditions of non-hospitalized elderly persons. It was demonstrated that the readmitted patients had more health complaints, a more extensive medication and considered their health worse.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Readmitted patients at a medical ward. 2. Social and housing conditions].

The object of this investigation was to describe the health and social medical conditions of elderly readmitted patients and to assess which of these conditions was the main reason for readmission. A total of 166 patients (with an average age of 73 years) who were readmitted to the ward within three months of the previous discharge were interviewed about their health, social and housing conditions during the period prior to admission. The interviews were conducted in the second half of 1987. In this second report from the investigation it was found that 84% lived in flats with good facilities. 50% lived alone, 57% received at least one form of public assistance (ie home help, home nursing etc.). The interviewers considered that social and housing conditions were the only reason for 12% of the readmissions and were contributory causes in 15% of the readmissions. It is concluded that health reasons were the primary reasons for the present readmission.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Respective rôle of lymphokines and monokines in macrophage activation.

When trying to manipulate the immune system in vivo by administration of immunoregulatory mediators, it is important to know which are the target cells of the injected mediator and what direct and indirect effects are likely to be obtained. It appears that some T cell lymphokines, such as interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), are able to induce a new state of differentiation in human monocytes, without necessarily triggering an ongoing function in such cells. In doing so, however, IFN-gamma primes macrophages for increased potential functions, such as monokine secretion. Monokines, in turn, participate directly in macrophage activation in an autocrine manner. Such cascades of events are important to analyse in order to optimize the rationale behind the administration of lymphokines and monokines in patients.

Biological Factors↗
PubMed1979

A prospective study on the incidence and significance of congenital cytomegalovirus infection.

Screening of 3060 neonates for congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection by virus excretion in the urine showed an overall incidence of 0.4%. The incidence was about 1% for mothers between 16 and 25 years and only 0.2% for mothers between 25 and 35. No mothers over 35 years of age gave birth to congenitally infected infants. The percentage of women in the child-bearing age susceptible to CMV infection was estimated by the absence of CMV complement-fixing antibodies in cord sera and ranged from 48% to 33% with increasing age. None of the infected infants showed obvious signs of congenital CMV infection at birth. At follow-up, two infants showed slight, but transient symptoms compatible with a foetal infection; a pair of premature twins exhibited retarded physical and psychomotor development, but this could just as well be ascribed to the prematurity itself. None of the infants had detectable CMV--IgM antibodies in cord sera, but a trend towards elevated total IgM concentration in cord sera and elevated virus excretion titres appeared in the infants with symptoms. With the very low incidence and no signs of sensomotor sequelae the preliminary conclusion is that foetal CMV infection in our population by no means has a significance to deserve screening or a vaccination programme.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Function of fever in infectious disease.

The survival of fever in infectious disease is a controversial subject. In favour of the hypothesis that the fever response is one of the defence mechanisms of the host aginst micro-organisms are several data ranging from determinations of optimal growth temperatures of micro-organisms in vitro to in vivo experiments on the course of infections in temperature-manipulated warm-blooded and poikilothermic animals. In spite of this, the beneficial effect of an elevated body temperature has only been documented in a few human infections, and antipyretic drugs are still used in enormous quantities in the fight against the symptom "fever", as if this were the enemy.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Function of fever.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1977

Role of macrophages in hepatitis induced by Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in mice.

A marked difference was found between herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) in the induction of hepatic necrotic lesions in mice inoculated intraperitoneally. Although HSV-2 produced many large, progressive liver lesions in 4-week-old BALB/c mice, HSV-1 only occasionally induced a few, self-limiting foci, which eventually healed. This was reflected in the isolation of HSV from the liver and spleen, two organs that are rich in macrophages. Although HSV-1 could be only temporarily isolated, HSV-2 was found in the two organs until the mice died. On the other hand, no such difference was found in the isolation of virus from the brain, which contains no macrophages, and the mice eventually died from encephalitis. This difference in hepatic involvement caused by the two virus types was found to parallel a marked difference in the restriction of HSV-1 and HSV-2 replication by macrophages as measured by an infectious center assay in vitro. HSV-2 produced 17 times as many infectious centers in infected peritoneal macrophage cultures as did HSV-1. Furthermore, the HSV-2 plaques in the cell overlay were large and increasing in size, whereas the HSV-1 plaques were small and showed regression on prolonged incubation. It was shown that this diversity was unique to the macrophage population and not caused by differences in the uptake of virus by macrophages. This model involving two closely related virus types shows the importance of tissue macrophages in the primary host defense against virus infections.

Animals↗