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S Moser

Publications and source records attributed to S Moser.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The technique of fibrin adhesion for premature rupture of the membranes during pregnancy.

The description of a new technique for fibrin adhesion (in 28 patients) for premature rupture of the membranes in pregnancy is reported. Unless cerclage has been carried out earlier, it is necessary to suture the cervical canal immediately after rupture of the membranes in order to be able to insert a fibrin clot. The author's modified cerclage technique (reverse McDonald procedure) is described. The advantages are minimal trauma to the lower uterine segment and a somewhat physiologic fixation of the synthetic suture material. For application of the fibrin sealant, the Duploject syringe clip is used, as it allows exact dosage and blending of the two sealant components in the course of their application to the site of sealing. The problem of evaluation of the results of the procedure is discussed. The technique carries no risk to mother or child. No cases of amniotic infection syndrome have been observed. Through prolongation of the pregnancy, time is gained for maturation of the fetal lungs. Accordingly, the authors recommend the technique for treating premature rupture of the membranes, although there is as yet no definite answer as to the optimal timing of this adhesion treatment during pregnancy.

Drug Combinations↗
PubMed1982

Impaired energy metabolism in rat myocardium during phosphate depletion.

The effects of phosphate depletion (PD) of 4, 8, and 12 wk duration on myocardial energy metabolism were studied in rats fed a phosphate-deficient diet and compared with rats pair-fed a normal phosphate diet. Myocardial biopsies were examined for high-energy phosphate bonds. The results show that PD causes a significant reduction in myocardial concentration of inorganic phosphorus at 4 wk of PD and creatine phosphate at 8 wk of PD, while adenine nucleotides were significantly reduced only after 12 wk of PD. The changes in cellular inorganic phosphorus and creatine phosphate displayed a significant correlation with serum phosphorus levels. Mitochondrial respiration was impaired early in PD. Total cellular, mitochondrial, and myofibrillar creatine kinase activities were significantly reduced at 4 wk of PD and fell further at 8 and 12 wk. These data show that chronic PD is associated with reduced mitochondrial capacity to produce ATP, impaired transport via the creatine phosphate shuttle, and reduced myofibrillar ability to utilize ATP. These abnormalities indicate that all steps of myocardial energetics are impaired in PD and provide the molecular basis for the altered myocardial function seen in PD.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effect of thiazides on the hypercalciuria of phosphate depletion.

The present investigation was carried out to examine the effect of thiazides on the hypercalciuria of phosphate depletion. Studies were done on 160 to 190 gm male rats, utilizing metabolic balance techniques. Animals were assigned to a phosphate-deficient diet and divided into a vehicle and thiazide-treated group. Both groups raised on a phosphate-deficient diet developed hypophosphatemia, hypercalciuria, and hypercalcemia; the latter was significantly greater in the thiazide-treated group. The magnitude of the hypercalciuria was significantly smaller in the thiazide-treated group. This occurred despite a significantly greater elevation in the concentration of serum calcium and its filtered load in the rats treated with the diuretic. Thiazides failed to produce natriuresis in the phosphate-deficient rats, suggesting a possible tubular resistance to the natriuretic action of the drug in phosphate depletion. Our data demonstrate that thiazide administration blunts the hypercalciuria of phosphate depletion. The results are consistent with the postulates that (1) phosphate depletion suppresses tubular calcium reabsorption at a site proximal to the segment where thiazides enhance calcium transport or (2) thiazide enhances calcium reabsorption at a terminal site in the nephron where a decrease in calcium transport may occur during phosphate depletion.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects of pH during recombination of human erythrocyte membrane apoprotein and lipid.

The recombinates from human red cell membrane proteins and lipids resulting from dialysis of the components in 2-chloroethanol against aqueous buffers from pH2-12 have been studied by density gradient centrifugation, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and freeze-fracture electron microscopy. Between pH 4 and 10 most of the proteins were found in the recombinates whereas below pH 4 and above pH 10 only part of them were recovered in the lipoprotein band after density gradient centrifugation. At low pH, increasing incorporation of the "major glycoprotein" into the recombinates was detected by gel electrophoresis and in parallel increasing amounts of particles were found in the freeze-fracture membrane faces. The necessity of working at low pH values from pH 2-4, however, and a critical evaluation of all the data presently available leads to the conclusion that the 2-choloroethanol technique is not adequate for recombination studies tending to membrane reconsitution.

Apoproteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dual-regulated expression technology: a new era in the adjustment of heterologous gene expression in mammalian cells.

BACKGROUND: On the basis of the compatible streptogramin- and tetracycline-responsive expression systems, a series of dual-regulated expression systems have been established for use in sophisticated biopharmaceutical manufacturing, advanced gene therapy, and tissue engineering. METHODS: Dual-regulated expression concepts enable streptogramin- and tetracycline-responsive control of two different (sets of) transgenes (multi-regulated multigene metabolic engineering), dual-autoregulated expression configurations for one-step chromosomal integration of two antibiotic-adjustable expression units, and artificial regulatory cascades for multi-level regulation of transgenes and optimized integration of molecular interventions into mammalian regulatory networks. RESULTS: This report describes the construction and testing of a family of dual-regulated expression vectors which are compatible with the pTRIDENT vector construction kit, and, in some cases, adapted for retroviral expression technology enabling straightforward transduction of difficult-to-transfect cell lines such as primary cells and stem cells. CONCLUSIONS: Dual-regulated expression technology will probably become of prime interest for a variety of therapeutic applications, including biopharmaceutical manufacturing, gene therapy, and tissue engineering.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An update of pTRIDENT multicistronic expression vectors: pTRIDENTs containing novel streptogramin-responsive promoters.

We present an update on the pTRIDENT multicistronic mammalian expression vectors and their implications in various metabolic engineering and therapeutic applications. The pTRIDENT vector family has been expanded by construction of a new set of pTRIDENT-based vectors containing constitutive promoters of human origin (ubiquitin C and EF-1alpha promoters) and selectable markers (zeocin resistance) and expressing different reporter genes (secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) and the secreted single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (low-M(r) u-PA)). In addition, we have constructed pTRIDENT derivatives with novel streptogramin-repressible and streptogramin-inducible promoters for simultaneous and adjustable expression of three different transgenes. Streptogramin-inducible and tetracycline-repressible pTRIDENT derivatives were used to simultaneously control expression of three fluorescent proteins in mammalian cells: the enhanced cyan fluorescent protein (CFP), the recently isolated red fluorescent protein (RFP, also designated dsRed), and the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (YFP). Owing to their modular structure, the pTRIDENT vector family represents a construction kit for the design of novel multicistronic expression constructs.

Genetic Vectors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Autoregulated multicistronic expression vectors provide one-step cloning of regulated product gene expression in mammalian cells.

Regulated expression of a cloned gene often provides much higher final expression of the gene product. Also, regulated expression of an activity can enable optional metabolic engineering and simplify functional genomic research. We constructed di-, tri-, and quattrocistronic mammalian expression vectors which allow the simultaneous, coordinated, and adjustable expression of up to two product genes. A single, tetracycline-regulatable promoter, PhCMV*-1, drives high-level expression of a multicistronic expression unit, containing the product gene(s), the gene for tetracycline-responsive transactivator (tTA), and, in the case of pQuattro-tTA, also the neomycin resistance gene. This autoregulatory genetic configuration retains a very low basal transcription activity in the presence of tetracycline, thereby reducing or eliminating possible toxic effects of tTA expression. However, upon withdrawal of tetracycline, a positive feedback regulation loop is activated which leads to higher levels of tTA expression and consequently also to higher expression levels of all other cistrons encoded on the multicistronic expression unit. Since such multicistronic expression vectors combine all genetic elements necessary for high-level expression as well as regulation in a single multicistronic expression unit, they alleviate limitations of previously reported tetracycline-regulatable vector systems and allow straightforward, one-step genetic engineering of eucaryotic cells to give an adjustable phenotype under strict control of the external stimulus, here tetracycline. Because the expression vectors described here were used for the expression for several heterologous product genes such as the green fluorescent protein and the tumor suppressor gene p21 in several cell lines (CHO-K1, BHK-21, and HeLa), we expect these multicistronic, positive feedback regulation vectors to function in a wide variety of eucaryotic cells and to be useful for basic as well as for applied research applications. Other vectors based upon the same autoregulation and multicistronic expression concepts can be constructed using other regulator gene-regulated promoter elements.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reliability and validity of preverbal pain assessment tools.

Pain assessments using three different observational pain assessment tools--the Post Operative Pain Score (POPS), the Nursing Assessment of Pain Intensity (NAPI), and the Pain Rating Scale (PRS)--were made on 98 preverbal children following surgery in an attempt to establish the reliability and validity of the three tools. Two observers (raters) scored pain intensity using each of the three instruments before and after administration of an analgesic. Interrater agreements were satisfactory on all three tools, with Interclass Correlations (ICC) ranging from .71 to .85. T tests supported the discriminant validity of all three tools at the p < .0001 level. The POPS and NAPI had internal consistency reliability alphas ranging from .79 to .88 for the POPS and .59 to .77 for the NAPI. Item analyses suggested specific revisions of the tools that might increase their reliability.

Age Factors↗