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Biomedical subjects

S Muir

Publications and source records attributed to S Muir.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Comparison of two host cell range variants of feline immunodeficiency virus.

Two molecular clones of feline immunodeficiency virus were compared. The first clone, 34TF10, was from a Petaluma, Calif., isolate; the second, PPR, was isolated from a cat in the San Diego, Calif., area. The cats from which the isolates were obtained suffered from chronic debilitating illnesses. The two molecular clones differed in their in vitro host cell range. The 34TF10 clone infected the Crandall feline kidney and G355-5 cell lines, but replicated less efficiently on feline peripheral blood leukocytes. In contrast, the PPR clone productively infected the primary feline peripheral blood leukocytes but not Crandall feline kidney or G355-5 cells. The 34TF10 and PPR clones had an overall sequence identity of 91%. The env gene was the least conserved (85% at the amino acid level). Additionally, the potential open reading frame for a Tat-like protein, ORF 2, contained a stop codon in the 34TF10 isolate which was not found in the PPR clone. This truncation did not prevent in vitro or in vivo replication of 34TF10. Two splice acceptor sites were identified in the 34TF10 clone. One was 5' to the beginning of the putative tat open reading frame, and the other was 5' to the putative vif product. Both of these acceptor sites were conserved in the PPR clone. The long terminal repeats of the viruses were 7% divergent between the two clones, with a lack of conservation in putative NF-kappa B, LBP-1, and CCAAT enhancer-promoter sites.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ingestion in children.

The effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors on children is not well documented. A recent increase in popularity of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors has resulted in an increased availability in the home with resulting heightened probability of accidental ingestion of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors by children. In response to this we did a retrospective study of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ingestions in children (ages 1-5 years) from two regional poison centers certified by the American Association of Poison Control Centers. The records of the Delaware Valley Regional Poison Control Center and the New Jersey Poison Information Education Systems were reviewed for 1986 and 1987. Forty-eight angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor exposures in children 1-5 were identified. Twenty exposures (12.5-300mg captopril, 5-15mg enalapril) were managed with syrup of ipecac in a hospital emergency room. All 20 remained asymptomatic for their stay. None required admission to the hospital. Seven exposures (12.5-75mg captopril, 5-10mg enalapril) were managed at home with syrup of ipecac and 1-, 4-, 24-hour follow up by telephone. All 7 remained asymptomatic. 16 exposures (12.5-100mg captopril, 5-30mg enalapril) were managed by phone at home with observation alone and 4-6 hour follow up. All 16 remained asymptomatic. Five exposures were lost to follow up. A larger series is needed to determine risk, but home monitoring seems adequate for children ingesting no more than the therapeutic dose for adults (12.5-100 mg captopril, 5-30 mg enalapril).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Hepatic and renal tubular cell nuclear glycogenosis in goats.

Nuclear glycogenosis has not been reported in goats. This paper describes five cases of hepatocellular and/or renal tubular cell nuclear glycogenosis in goats in which the histological and ultrastructural details were studied. Our findings support the concept that nuclear glycogenosis reflects a compensatory adaptation by the cells rather than a degenerative process even though the initiating stimulus and pathogenesis are not known.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Coccidioidomycosis in the llama: case report and epidemiologic survey.

An 8-year-old nongravid female llama with a 1-month history of progressive posterior paresis was referred because of suspected degenerative myelopathy secondary to copper deficiency or plant poisoning. Neurologic examination revealed loss of conscious proprioception and slightly depressed bilateral patellar reflexes. Electromyographic examination of hindlimb flexors and extensors did not elicit evidence of lower motor neuron disease. Possible fragmentation and mottling of the 10th thoracic vertebral body were noted radiographically. Results of a lumbar CSF tap, complete blood count, and fecal flotation were not diagnostic. In the face of poor prognosis, the llama was euthanatized. Postmortem and histologic evaluation revealed, in addition to disseminated visceral granulomas, an extradural pyogranulomatous mass compressing the cord laterally at the level of T-10. Large numbers of Coccidioides immitis were dispersed throughout the granulomas. Complement fixing antibody tests in 11 other herd members showed evidence of C immitis infection in three.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Molecular cloning of the gene for the beta-lactamase of Bacillus licheniformis and its expression in Escherichia coli.

The structural gene, pen, for the beta-lactamase of B. licheniformis has been cloned into a lambda vector and shown to be expressed at a low rate in E. coli. The cloned pen gene appears to be expressed from a promoter within the fragment of B. licheniformia DNA, since its rate of expression is not affected by the presence of the phage repressor, the absence of the phage's positive-control functions, or the position or orientation of the gene within the phage genome.

Bacillus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Five-year multicenter retrospective review of cyclobenzaprine toxicity.

Cyclobenzaprine (CBP) has a cyclic structure similar to amitriptyline. In overdose, CBP has been suggested to produce the cardiovascular and neurologic toxicity found with the cyclic antidepressants. To examine this possibility, a retrospective chart review of all cases of CBP exposure reported to five regional poison centers was performed for the years 1989-93. There were a total of 750 charts identified for CBP exposure, of which 523 had data sufficient for evaluation. There were 121 polydrug ingestions leaving 402 pure CBP ingestions. Ages ranged from 7 mo to 77 yrs, with a mean of 20 yrs; 26% were 6 yrs or less. Females comprised 63% of the patient group. No deaths occurred. Dysrhythmias beyond sinus tachycardia were infrequent, and none were life-threatening. No seizures occurred. Common effects were lethargy, sinus tachycardia, and agitation, and both hypertension and hypotension were seen. All symptomatic cases with a known time of ingestion were symptomatic within 4 h of ingestion. Doses ingested ranged from 5-1000 mg, with a mean of 133 mg. Asymptomatic and symptomatic patients had a mean dose ingested of 45 mg and 183 mg, respectively. Treatment was primarily gastrointestinal (GI) decontamination and supportive care. Other therapies required were mechanical ventilation, dopamine, fluid bolus, sedation, and foley catheter. Symptoms requiring treatment beyond GI decontamination did not occur with ingestions less than 100 mg. In conclusion, cyclobenzaprine does not appear to produce the life-threatening cardiovascular or neurologic effects of the cyclic antidepressants in doses less than 1 g. Lethargy and anticholinergic effects are prominent, though serious toxicity is infrequent.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mapping of the gene for the human telomerase reverse transcriptase, hTERT, to chromosome 5p15.33 by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Telomerase, the enzyme that maintains the ends of chromosomes, is absent from the majority of somatic cells but is present and active in most tumours. The gene for the reverse transcriptase component of telomerase (hTERT) has recently been identified. A cDNA clone of this gene was used as a probe to identify three genomic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones, one of which was used as a probe to map hTERT by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to chromosome 5p15.33. This BAC probe was further used to look at copy number of the hTERT region in immortal cell lines. We found that 10/15 immortal cell lines had a modal copy number of 3 or more per cell, with one cell line (CaSki) having a modal copy number of 11. This suggests that increases in copy number of the hTERT gene region do occur, and may well be one route to upregulating telomerase levels in tumour cells. 5p15 gains and amplifications have been documented for various tumour types, including non-small cell lung carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck, and uterine cervix cancer, making hTERT a potential target.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Haemorrhagic brain injury: a care study.

Mark was only 20 years old when an unfortunate sequence of events dramatically altered his life. In July 1989 he sustained two subarachnoid haemorrhages within a fortnight, first from a left anterior communicating artery aneurysm and then from a right middle cerebral artery aneurysm. Both aneurysm were successfully clipped but Mark remained hemiplegic with severe physical and behavioural problems, including incontinence, sexual disinhibition, aggression and uninhibited spitting. In November 1989, he was transferred to a neuro-rehabilitation unit and his management there will be described, showing how his complex problems were managed within enforced environmental limitations.

Adult↗