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Biomedical subjects

S Muravchick

Publications and source records attributed to S Muravchick.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Glycopyrrolate and cardiac dysrhythmias in geriatric patients after reversal of neuromuscular blockade.

The increase in cardiac muscarinic activity following injection of anticholinesterases can be minimized by the long-acting anticholinergic drug glycopyrrolate. In a series of 50 patients 65 years of age or older who had received glycopyrrolate (0.88 +/- 0.15 mg) mixed with neostigmine (4.40 +/- 0.66 mg) or pyridostigmine (17.46 +/- 2.92 mg) to antagonize neuromuscular blockade, the incidence of new postoperative cardiac dysrhythmias was 16 per cent. All dysrhythmias occurred in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. There was no statistically significant relationship between the incidence of cardiac dysrhythmias and the choice of anaesthetic technique or anticholinesterase drug.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Pentolinium for control of reflex hypertension in spinal cord injured patients.

Ganglioplegia was produced by intravenous infusion of pentolinium tartrate 5 mg to control reflex hypertension in 29 patients with chronic spinal cord injuries undergoing 32 elective surgical procedures. The patient group with lesions above the first thoracic segment (T1) demonstrated significant but moderate intraoperative elevation of both systolic and diastolic pressure whether pentolinium was given prior to or during surgical stimulation. Patients with lesions below T1 had no significant pressure elevations with either mode of therapy. Pentolinium ganglioplegia can safely maintain blood pressure within reasonable limits in these patients; some increase in dosage may be required in patients with lesions above T1.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Adrenergic receptors and vascular resistance in cerebral circulation of the cat.

Infusion of catecholamines and pharmacologic blockade were used to demonstrate the presence of an adrenergic receptor system with both alpha and beta components inthe feline cerebral vasculature. For this purpose, the anatomically isolated brain preparation was perfused under controlled constant-pressure conditions to eliminate active autoregulatory changes and passive fluctuations in calculated cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) secondary to alterations of perfusion pressure. Alpha adrenergic activity was demonstrated as substantial cerebral vasoconstriction in response to infusions of l-norepinephrine and epinephrine; cerebral blood flow (CBF) was decreased by mean values of 25% and 29%, respectively, with calculated increases in CVR of 82% and 62%, respectively. Marked reductions in the vasoconstriction produced by these two catecholamines followed the use of the alpha receptor blocking drug, phenoxybenzamine. Isoproterenol consistently produced cerebral vasodilation (mean CVR decrease of 22%), and this vasodilation was blocked during infusion of a specific beta adrenergic blocking agent, propranolol. Histamine vasodilation (mean CBF increase 49%) appeared to be independent of the classic adrenergic mechanisma. The observed responses are explained on the basis of a functionally significant cerebrovascular adrenergic system having high specificity and demonstrating considerable potency. The data also indicate a predominance of alpha over beta adrenergic cerebrovascular reception.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An unusual complication of lumbosacral plexus block: a case report.

Lumbosacral plexus block is a valuable anesthetic technic in the hands of an experineced anesthesiologist. However, as illustrated by this case report, anesthetic dosage must be selected with great care, and patients unable to describe paresthesias should be excluded from use of this procedure.

Aged↗