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Biomedical subjects

S N Lurie

Publications and source records attributed to S N Lurie.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Psychological issues in treatment of the "chemical imbalance".

Recent advances in neuroscience and psychopharmacology have been tremendously effective in expanding our ability to help our patients. However, these techniques too are limited and in our excitement at the advance of science and under the increasing pressures for simple answers and rapid treatment we must be careful not to ignore our patients' intrapsychic lives. Failing to consider the psychodynamic implications of the chemical imbalance and of prescribing medications sets the stage for the transference to be repetitively acted out around medication issues. By taking a psychodynamically informed approach to the treatment of patients the psychiatrist is prepared to provide comprehensive care and make better decisions regarding the appropriateness or timing of medications and may avoid participating in the patients' repetitions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Pituitary size in depression.

Magnetic resonance images centered at the pituitary stalk were used to measure pituitary gland size in 19 patients with major depression compared with that in age- and sex-matched controls. Depressed patients had significantly greater pituitary cross-sectional area (P = 0.0009) and volume (P = 0.007) than the controls. This difference was particularly prominent in elderly depressed patients compared to elderly controls. These results provide the first demonstration of structural alterations in the pituitary gland in major depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

In vivo assessment of pituitary gland volume with magnetic resonance imaging: the effect of age.

We used sagittal and coronal T1 weighted magnetic resonance images, at 1.5 Tesla, to measure the height, width, length, and cross-sectional area and to generate two estimates of pituitary gland volume in 35 normal volunteers aged 26-79 yr (19 females and 16 males). Subjects over 50 yr of age had significantly smaller pituitary gland height (P = 0.03), area (P = 0.04), and volume (P = 0.04) than those under 50 yr (by two-tailed t test). Overall, age was negatively correlated with pituitary volume (V1: r = -0.51; P = 0.003; V2: r = -0.47; P = 0.008), area (r = -0.43; P = 0.009), and height (r = -0.46; P = 0.005), but not with pituitary length or width. There were no statistically significant differences in pituitary size between men and women (by two-tailed t test). These findings suggest that pituitary gland height provides a good single measure for the assessment of pituitary gland size and that age must be controlled for in studies of pituitary gland size.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Caffeine-modified electroconvulsive therapy in depressed patients with medical illness.

Although pretreatment with intravenous caffeine is an effective technique for increasing seizure duration during a course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), little has been published regarding the use of this technique in patients with severe medical illness. The authors describe nine depressed inpatients with major cardiovascular or other medical disease or both whose ECT seizure durations declined despite maximal settings on the ECT device. In all cases, caffeine pretreatment lengthened seizures, and clinical improvement followed. The caffeine-modified ECT treatments were well tolerated and were associated with no clinically significant adverse cardiovascular effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Plummer's nails.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, 19th Century↗
PubMed1987

Early ontogeny of kappa-opioid receptor regulation of prolactin secretion in the rat.

Although both mu- and kappa-opioid components of prolactin (PRL) secretion have been identified in the adult rat, the neural pathways through which these multiple receptor subtypes modulate PRL secretion have not been thoroughly investigated. The present study utilizes the differential ontogeny of opioid systems which alter PRL release to examine the mechanisms by which mu- and kappa-receptors regulate prolactin. The responses of PRL, corticosterone and growth hormone to opioid receptor subtype-specific agonists were studied in neonatal rats. The PRL response to the kappa-agonist, U50488, preceded the response to the mu-agonist, morphiceptin. Like adults, neonates demonstrated a growth hormone, but not a PRL, response to the delta agonist, [D-pen2,pen5]enkephalin. U50488-induced PRL secretion was not attenuated by cyproheptadine in adults or neonates, suggesting that the kappa-opioid mechanism operates independently of serotonin. In contrast, the PRL response to morphine was attenuated in adult rats. In addition, U50488 decreased median eminence dopamine synthesis in both adults and neonates. These findings suggest that the early developing, serotonin-independent opioid regulation of PRL is mediated through kappa-receptors, while the later-developing mechanism which requires intact serotonergic transmission works through mu-receptors. kappa-Receptors appear to regulate PRL secretion by directly inhibiting the activity of tuberoinfundibular dopamine neurons, while mu-receptors might regulate the tonic dopaminergic inhibition of PRL through a serotonergic pathway.

3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cycloh↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR assessment of pituitary gland morphology in healthy volunteers: age- and gender-related differences.

PURPOSE AND METHODS: High-field MR images at 1.5 T were used to characterize the effects of age and gender on pituitary size and shape in a sample of 71 adult volunteers (40 females), aged 21 to 82 years. FINDINGS: For all subjects, age was inversely correlated with pituitary height (r = -.43, P less than .0002) and cross-sectional area (r = -.35, P less than .0028). Age-specific gender differences were also present in pituitary height and area. A convex upper pituitary margin was more common in females (P = .002) and younger subjects (P = .009). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that aging is accompanied by gender-specific changes in pituitary size and shape, and provides normative data that may facilitate evaluation of the pituitary gland in neuroendocrine disorders.

Adult↗