PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S N Polivoda

Publications and source records attributed to S N Polivoda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Changes in activity of transcription factors in the cells of vascular endothelium as a pathological mechanism of its dysfunction in essential hypertension].

AIM: To study activity of transcription factor (TF)--the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB)--and its role in formation of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in patients with essential hypertension (EH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The examination covered 74 patients with EH stage I-II with the first-third degree of arterial hypertension (AH) by WHO/IHS classification (48 males, 36 females, mean age 46.39 +/- 3.47 years, free of symptomatic AH, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, IHD, congestive cardiac failure or other diseases with proved formation of ED or NF-kB activity alteration) and 26 healthy persons (control group). Venous occlusive plethysmography of the arms for assessment of blood flow in brachial arteries with measurement of blood flow velocity at rest and after the test for reactive hyperemia was made. Functional state of vascular endothelium was estimated according to mechanic sensitivity coefficient (MSC). Molecule-1 intercellular adhesion (ICAM-1) and E-selectin production were measured in blood. By ED degree, the patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1--patients with EH and mild ED (MSC > M +/- sigma), group 2--patients with EH and moderate ED (MSC = M +/- sigma), group 3--patients with EH and severe ED. RESULTS: In EH patients, MSC is lower than in healthy controls, serum ICAM-1 level and E-selectin production were higher (by 26.99 and 50.77%, respectively). E-selectin was higher in group 2 than in group 2 by 32.70%, in group 3--by 55.84 and 17.44% than in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Serum level of ICAM-1 in group 3 was by 25.31% in group 2 by 12.02% higher than in group 1. The regressive analysis revealed that there is a significant correlation between MSC and ICAM-1 in the serum. The level of ICAM-1 is an independent factor determining MSC. CONCLUSION: EH patients demonstrate activation of HF-kB transcription factor in the cells of vascular endothelium, manifesting with an E-selectin production rise and elevation of serum ICAM-1. Activation of NF-kB in the cells of vascular endothelium is an independent and pathophysiologically significant factor promoting formation of ED in EH patients.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed2004

[Structural and functional reconfiguration of large arteries in hypertensive disease: a role of connective tissue metabolic disturbances].

The study was undertaken to define a role of connective tissue metabolism (CTM) in the structural and functional changes of arterial vessels in patients with hypertensive disease (HD). Eighty-nine patients with HD and 33 apparently healthy individuals were examined. The morphometrical parameters of the aorta were studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), external and internal diameters (ED and ID, respectively) and the thickness of the wall (Hao) at the level of the ascending aorta and its mass (Mao) were determined. To evaluate aortic function, the authors made Doppler studies and determined aortic pulse wave velocity (APWV) and the aortic rigidity coefficient (RC). CTM was evaluated by the serum content of free oxyproline (FOP) and peptide-bound oxyproline (PBOP), type I procollagen C propeptides (PCPP), circulating antibodies (Cab) to elastin, and by the urinary levels of total glycosaminoglycans (TGAG) and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (SGAG). The patients with HD were found to have significantly higher levels of ID, ED, Hao Mao, APWV, RC, which is indicative of dilatation of the aorta and the increased thickness and rigidity of its wall. Patients with HD showed statistically significant serum elevated levels of PBOP and type I PCPP, a decrease in CAb to elastin, and increased urinary content of TGAG and SGAG, which indicates the activated synthesis of collagen and structural proteoglycans and the degradation of elastin in HD. The results of a multiple regression analysis demonstrated a role of CTM changes as a significant and independent factor that determines structural and functional impairments of large arteries in patients with HD.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Remodeling of elastic arteries in patients with hypertensive disease: diagnostic value of pulse pressure].

The study was undertaken to examine a role of pulse blood pressure (PBP) as a diagnostic marker of remodeling of large elastic arteries in patients with hypertensive disease (HD). A hundred and sixty-eight patients with HD and 38 apparently healthy individuals (a control group) were examined. In all the examinees, PBP was measured and central PBP (PBPc) was calculated. According to the value of PBPc, the patients with HD were divided into 4 groups: 1) PBPc was equal or less than 45 mm Hg; 2) that was 46-50 mm Hg; 3) PBPc was 51-64 mm Hg; and 4) that was equal or more than 65 mm Hg. With Doppler study, the aortic pulse wave propagation velocity (PWPV) was determined and the aortic stiffness coefficient was (C). Seventy-seven patients with HD and 20 control individuals underwent magnetic resonance imaging with the aortic intraluminal diameter (D(ao)) and wall thickness (H(ao)) being estimated. As compared with the controls, patients with HD were found to have significantly increased PWPV, C(s), D(ao), and H(ao) which characterizes elastic arterial remodeling in HD. Comparison of these parameters in persons with different levels of PBPc demonstrated progressive dilatation, the increased stiffness and enlarged thickness of the wall of elastic arteries in those having higher PBPc. The results of a regression analysis confirmed that there is a significant relationship of PBPc with C(s), D(ao), and H(ao) and the coefficients of correlation between were 0.89, 0.71, and 0.75, respectively. The findings have indicated that the level of PBPc may serve as a marker of remodeling of large elastic arteries in patients with HD.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[The activity of the antioxidant system and membrane lipid peroxidation in hypertension patients].

With the view to study state of antioxidant protection and membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO) in hypertonic disease (HD) 200 patients with HD of I and II stage (WHO classification) were examined. Structural and functional state of myocardium was assessed echocardiographically. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic LPO, catalase and superoxide-dismutase activity were analyzed in erythrocytes. Destabilization of cell membranes due to LPO activation and alteration of antioxidant potential established in patients with HD was paralleled by the degree of left ventricle hypertrophy.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1992

[Calcium metabolism in various forms of hypertrophy of the "hypertensive" heart].

To study the changes occurred in integral calcium metabolic parameters in evolving "hypertensive" heart, a total of 100 patients with Stage I-II (WHO Classification) were examined. Myocardial structure and function were echocardiographically examined. Plasma concentrations of ionized calcium were measured by direct potentiometry. Plasma levels of calcitonin and parathyroid hormone were measured by radioimmunoassay. As the "hypertensive" heart progressed, the ionization of serum calcium was found to enhance along with an increase in calcitoninemia. In early formation of the "hypertensive" heart, parathyroid hormone remained unchanged, but became elevated only in severe left ventricular hypertrophy. The findings may explain the features of the clinical aspects of variant left ventricular hypertrophies in the "hypertensive" heart.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1991

[Structural-functional state of the hypertensive heart and atrial natriuretic factor during treatment with nifedipine].

The time course of structural and functional parameters using echocardiography and the level of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) employing immunoradiometric assay were examined in 37 patients with essential hypertension taking a 3-week therapy with nifedipine (corinfar) in doses individually chosen. The changes in the structural and functional parameters of the hypertensive heart were found to be associated with its endocrine function. A course therapy of patients with essential hypertension with nifedipine in individually based doses caused a significant rise in plasma ANF levels, a normalization of cardiac compensatory mechanism function. The findings may be a basis for studying the new mechanisms of calcium antagonist action.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Atrial natriuretic factor and the structural and functional condition of the "hypertensive" heart].

A radioimmunoassay was used to study the structural and functional status of the myocardium and blood natriuretic factor levels in 45 patients with hypertensive disease and 17 healthy subjects. Left atrial dysfunction was revealed to affect natriuretic factor levels in the blood of hypertensive patients with moderate left ventricular hypertrophy. As myocardial contractility became lower, natriuretic factor levels were reduced. The changes found in the levels in left ventricular hypertrophic variants may be accounted for by various values of intramyocardial stress. The findings suggest that cardiohemodynamic abnormalities may affect the secretion of natriuretic factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Diastolic heart function during bicycle ergometry in patients with hypertension and different mass of the left ventricle].

Changes in parameters for cardiac filling and pump functions during graded exercise were studied in 29 hypertensive patients with various left ventricular myocardial mass and 30 healthy subjects by unidirectional echocardiography. The volume of early diastolic filling decreased and that of diastasis and atrial systole increased with increasing left ventricular mass. These changes were found during graded exercises rather than at rest.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1989

[Myocardial status, hemodynamics and pressor humoral substances in patients with bronchial asthma and arterial hypertension].

The analysis of data obtained for 101 bronchial asthma (BA) sufferers with hypertension and 30 normotensive patients demonstrated the dependence of arterial hypertension in BA patients on a significant increase in the systemic peripheral resistance, pulmonary circulation pressure, diastolic dysfunction, reduced cardiac output, pulse brain filling as well as on elevated serotonin level and monoamine oxidase hyperactivity. The findings provided additional information on the causes and triggering mechanisms of arterial hypertension in BA patients, are helpful in design of antihypertensive treatment and the disease prevention.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1988

[Hypotensive effect of nifedipine in hypertension patients with different functional activity of the sympathetic-adrenal system].

Sympatho-adrenal activity (SAA) was assessed in 67 male patients with essential hypertension and 20 normal subjects. The patients were divided into 2 groups: those with increased (group 1) and normal (group 2) basal SAA. Hyperreactive and normally reactive patients were identified on the basis of plasma norepinephrine elevation in response to one-hour walking in both groups. Therapy with nifedipine alone for 3 weeks was ineffective in hyperreactive first-group patients. The efficiency of nifedipine treatment for essential hypertension may be dependent on baseline sympatho-adrenal activity and reactivity.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1986

[Comparative characteristics of the structuro-functional state of the heart in patients with essential hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension].

Heterogeneity of the structural-functional state of the right and left sides of the heart was detected in patients with essential hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pulmonary hypertension was characterized by a raised frequency of development of asymmetric interventricular septal hypertrophy, pronounced diastolic dysfunction, considerable hypertrophy of the right ventricular anterior wall, an increased amplitude of its movement and noticeable dilatation of the right ventricular cavity.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Regional hemodynamic function in chronic obstructive bronchitis with arterial hypertension].

The state of regional hemodynamics (pulmonary, cerebral and peripheral) was studied in patients suffering from chronic obstructive bronchitis with symptomatic "pulmonogenic" hypertension. Pronounced disorders of regional hemodynamics accompanied by pulmonary hypertension, an increase in the tone of the cerebral and peripheral vessels and their lowered blood filling in patients with a stable phase of this type of hypertension, were established. Multimodality therapy including antihypertensive drugs (Cordanum, clonidine, hydrochlorothiazide, hydrolasin) significantly improved regional hemodynamics.

Adolescent↗