PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S N Rasmussen

Publications and source records attributed to S N Rasmussen.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effects of Ringer fluid on regional blood flow and filtration rate in the cat kidney.

The larger subcapsular veins of the in situ cat kidney were cut open near the hilus and occluded between the slits and the common renal vein, thus permitting separation and direct measurement of venous outflows from the superficial (outer cortex) and deep (inner cortex plus medulla) drainage area. The direct recording of venous outflow in the two areas combined with plasma inulin and protein analyses provided consecutive determinations of the rate of glomerular filtration and arterial inflow of both areas. Our primary result is the demonstration of a regional difference in the renal response to extracellular isotonic volume expansion. Infusion of Ringer fluid at a moderate rate (1.0-2.0 ml X min-1) increased both blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in both areas; however, the RBF response was proportionately greater in the deep area and the GFR response was proportionately greater in the superficial area. Compared with a noninfused control series, statistically significant differences occurred after about 1 h of infusion. After 80 min, average RBF had increased by 33 and 20%, while average GFR had increased by 31 and 54% in the deep and in the superficial areas, respectively. To reveal direct renal effects of the Ringer fluid, the site of infusion was shifted alternately between the renal artery and the jugular vein. The results suggest that the changes in blood flow are elicited indirectly by neural or humoral mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Chronic pancreatitis possibly caused by occupational exposure to organic solvents.

Acute pancreatic injury has been attributed to occupational exposure to chemical agents in workers, but there have been no previous reports of occupationally induced chronic pancreatitis. Severe chronic exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was found in a 29-year-old house painter, where other known causes of chronic pancreatitis could be ruled out. The patient had previously experienced abdominal pain and diarrhoea associated with exposure to spray paints followed by remission of the symptoms during vacations. Although the association between exposure and pancreatic insufficiency may be a random one, a possible causal relation should be further evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Non-tropical sprue. Malignant diseases and mortality rate.

The complications of non-tropical sprue were registered in 100 patients seen during an 18-year period. The patients had a significantly higher mortality than the age- and sex-matched general population. They had an increased incidence of malignancies, predominantly malignant lymphomas and carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. The disease must be considered a premalignant condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Rectal wall thickness measured by ultrasound in chronic inflammatory diseases of the colon.

Rectal wall thickness was measured ultrasonically by means of a 7-MHz transducer. 2 mm in diameter. In eight autopsy cases differences between ultrasonic and slide gauge measurements varied from -0.7 mm to 0.2 mm, with a median of 0.05 mm. Patients studies were carried out in 19 control subjects, showing a median rectal wall thickness of 2.6 mm, in 33 patients with ulcerative colitis with a median wall thickness of 2.8 mm, and in 18 patients with colonic Crohn's disease with a median wall thickness of 3.2 mm. These differences were not statistically significant. Subgroups of ulcerative colitis patients showed increasing wall thickness with increasing clinical activity (p less than 0.02), with increasing proctoscopic changes (p less than 0.01), and with increasing histologic activity (p less than 0.05). Corresponding correlations could not be demonstrated within the group of colonic Crohn's disease. It is concluded that even though the method could not distinguish between patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease of the colon, further studies concerning application of the measuring principle in gastroenterological endoscopy are indicated.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1984

Pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin and its metabolite doxorubicinol in rabbits with induced acid and alkaline urine.

The pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin in rabbits preloaded either with ammonium chloride or sodium hydrogencarbonate have been investigated following single IV administration of 5 mg/kg. Plasma samples and urine collections were obtained over 3 h following administration, and were assayed in duplicate for doxorubicin and its main metabolite doxorubicinol by reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. The plasma concentration of doxorubicin was fitted to an open two-compartment model. The areas under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC) of doxorubicin in rabbits with alkaline urine were approximately half the areas in rabbits with acid urine. A pharmacokinetic analysis indicated an increase in the central volume of distribution, which is interpreted as an increase in tissue permeability in the alkaline state, due to the acid-base properties of the doxorubicin molecule. The renal excretion of doxorubicin and doxorubicinol was quantitatively similar in the two groups of rabbits. The total renal excretion of anthracyclines during the experiment was calculated to approximately 6% of the administered dose. The clearances of doxorubicin were initially three times higher than inulin clearance, but approximated this value at the end of the experiment. The renal handling of doxorubicin in the rabbit is explained by glomerular filtration followed by tubular secretion and finally by a reabsorption mechanism with limited capacity.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1984

Calcium absorption and acceptance of low-lactose milk among children with primary lactase deficiency.

A calcium absorption investigation was carried out with the purpose of determining whether lactose-hydrolyzed milk facilitates calcium absorption in subjects with lactose malabsorption. Nine children participated in the study, which was divided into two investigation periods separated by at least 1 week. During the first period the children were given a lactose-free diet, whereas during the second period their diet contained lactose-hydrolyzed milk. The amount of calcium, number of calories, and rotation of specifically defined meals in the diet during the two periods were identical, and the children functioned as their own controls. We found calcium absorption to be significantly higher with the diet containing hydrolyzed milk than with the lactose-free diet supplemented with extra calcium (p less than 0.05). During the study a double-blind lactose intolerance test was performed. The children had significantly fewer clinical symptoms and signs, such as abdominal pain, borborygmus, meteorism, and defecations, within 24 h after drinking 0.5 L of lactose-hydrolyzed milk as compared with drinking ordinary milk (25 g of lactose). None of the children experienced any unpleasant side effects when consuming the lactose-hydrolyzed milk (approximately 94% degree of hydrolysis) during the study period. All the children liked the hydrolyzed milk because it had a pleasant, sweet flavor as a result of the increased content of glucose.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Secretion rates of immunoglobulins, albumin, haptoglobin and complement factors C3 and C4 in the perfused jejunum and ileum of human Salmonella carriers.

Secretion rates of immunoglobulins and other proteins were assessed by luminal perfusion of jejunum and distal ileum, and the jejunal histology was evaluated in eight Danish chronic Salmonella typhi and paratyphi carriers compared to nine healthy controls who previously had suffered from typhoid or paratyphoid fever not followed by a carrier state. The median secretion rates for each protein investigated in the distal ileum as well as in the jejunum revealed no significant differences between the two groups. The secretion rate of secretory IgA was raised in both groups compared to previously investigated normal persons. The histological examination revealed no signs of inflammation or presence of bacteria. It was concluded that no primary humoral immune defect was revealed in the carriers.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The normal cultivable microflora in upper jejunal fluid in healthy adults.

Bacteriological studies of uncontaminated upper jejunal fluid were performed in 85 normal subjects. Fifty-three per cent of the samples were sterile (less than 10(1) CFU/ml). In 10% of the cases the total number of microorganisms exceeded 10(5) CFU/ml. The main groups of microorganisms isolated were Streptococcus sp ('Viridans group'), Lactobacillus sp., Veillonella parvula, Actinomyces sp., Haemophilus sp., Corynebacterium sp., and Candida albicans, each found in more than 10% of the subjects. Only the Streptococcus sp. exceeded 10(5) CFU/ml, and enterobacteria were found in 5% of the subjects, the number not exceeding 10(3) CFU/ml. No other typical members of the lower gastrointestinal tract were isolated. The number of subjects harbouring bacteria and the distribution of bacterial species were the same in both sexes and in different age groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

5-Aminosalicylic acid enemas in patients with active ulcerative colitis. Influence of acidity on the kinetic pattern.

Enemas containing 1000 mg 5-ASA were administered to patients with active distal colitis in three separate studies: as a single dose in a neutral solution (pH 7.4); as a single dose in a slightly acidic, buffered suspension (pH 4.8); and as multiple doses once a day for 10 days with the acidic enema. 5-ASA was relatively rapidly absorbed from the neutral solution, resulting in plasma concentrations of 5-ASA sometimes two to three times higher than those found after peroral salazosulphapyridine (SASP) treatment. In contrast, absorption from the acidic enema was reduced and/or prolonged, giving plasma concentrations similar to those found during oral SASP treatment. After repeated doses of the acidic enema, plasma concentrations after an enema resembled those seen after the single dose. Urinary excretion was significantly lower, suggesting a reduced fraction of absorption at steady-state conditions. No side effects were observed, and no local irritation was reported. An acidic buffer suspension with 5-ASA seems to be safe for use as enema and deserves further clinical testing for treatment of distal ulcerative colitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Pediatric tube system for collection of uncontaminated jejunal juice.

A tube system for collection of uncontaminated jejunal juice in children is described. It consists of an outer tube, the distal end of which is closed with a membrane, and an inner aspiration tube. When the outer tube is positioned at the site of aspiration, the membrane is perforated by applying air pressure through the outer tube. The tube was tested in 72 Danish children. With only one intubation having to be repeated, aspiration was achieved in all the children (95% confidence limits, 92.60-99.97%). The median intubation time was 10 min (range, 2-35 min). Mean time for aspiration of 1 ml of jejunal juice varied from 1 to 30 min (median, 5 min). The site of aspiration in the jejunum--expressed as the position of the tip of the inner tube--was from 0 to 6 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz (median, 3 cm). There were no complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Serum antibodies to Bacteroides species in chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

It has been proposed that the presence of elevated serum titres against various Bacteroides species among patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease (CIBD) may yield aetiological, pathogenic, or prognostic information. Using a crossed immunoelectrophoretic method, we investigated circulating antibodies against four Bacteroides species in 122 patients with CIBD (80 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 42 with Crohn's disease (CD)) and in 32 patients with the irritable colon syndrome. In this cross-sectional study we found raised titre scores (greater than 0) among 26% of the patients with CD, among 46% of the patients with UC, and among 34% of the patients with the irritable colon syndrome. These differences are not significant. There were no correlations between the antibody titres and the duration of the disease, the clinical disease activity, or the site of the disease. Furthermore, the antibody titres yielded no prognostic information as to the necessity of surgery--that is, colectomy and/or small-bowel resection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Biliary calculi in chronic Salmonella carriers and healthy controls: a controlled study.

A controlled study was performed to evaluate the incidence of gall bladder and biliary duct disease in chronic typhoid and paratyphoid carriers. Eight chronic carriers were compared with a comparable group of control persons who had previously had acute typhoid or paratyphoid fever without developing a chronic carrier state. By combined surgical and radiological evaluation biliary calculi were detected in 88% of the carrier group and in 11% in the control group. This difference is statistically significant (p less than 0.02). No difference in biliary function was found between the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of Crohn's disease with peroral 5-aminosalicylic acid.

Eighteen patients with active Crohn's disease entered an open trial with 5-aminosalicylic acid in a slow-release preparation. All had lesions of the small bowel. Ten of them also had Crohn's disease of the colon. 5-Aminosalicylic acid, 500 mg three times daily, was administered for 6 wk. Even with meticulous monitoring, no side effects of any kind were observed, particularly no cases of renal affection, which could have been expected from animal studies. The clinical course was estimated as improved in 13 patients (72%), unchanged in 2 patients (11%), and aggravated in 3 patients (17%); 2 of these 3 were withdrawn from the study and switched to alternative treatment. The Crohn's disease activity index decreased from a median of 226 points to 99 points. On the basis of these results, large-scale controlled therapeutic trails seem warranted in order to establish clinical evidence for the benefit of peroral treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid in patients with Crohn's disease.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Humoral and cellular immunity in typhoid and paratyphoid carrier state, investigated by means of quantitative immunoelectrophoresis and in vitro stimulation of blood lymphocytes.

The humoral and cellular immunity of 8 Salmonella carriers and 9 non-carriers was investigated and compared to findings in normal persons. The antibody response in serum and intestinal secretions was investigated by means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis, and blood lymphocytes were investigated by in vitro stimulation. Both carriers and non-carriers showed increased levels of precipitating antibodies as well as lymphocyte responses, when compared to normal persons. No differences in the antibody responses either qualitatively or quantitatively were found between carriers and non-carriers. Only few precipitins could be detected in intestinal secretions. Lymphocyte responses to S. typhi and S. paratyphi were significantly higher in carriers and non-carriers than in the controls. No significant difference in lymphocyte response to S. typhi, S. paratyphi and mitogens was obtained between carriers and non-carriers. Thus, the carrier state seems not due to detectable major immunodeficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of saline on continuously recorded filtration fractions in cat kidney.

The radioactivity of [51Cr]EDTA and [125I]albumin in arterial and in deep and superficial renal venous blood was continuously measured in an extracorporeally recirculating system. The filtration fraction of plasma in the superficial (FFs) and in the deep (FFD) venous drainage area was computed every 100 s. Following infusion of Ringer fluid a decrease in the FFD/FFs ratio was observed--mainly due to a fall in FFD. The decrease in the FFD/FFs ratio was more pronounced with infusion of Ringer fluid directly into the renal artery than with infusion at the same rate (1.0-1.5 ml . min-1) into a jugular vein, showing that a direct renal effect is involved. The sensitivity of the FFD/FFs reaction is high, as the fluid loads given were moderate. The fall in FFD may be due to a preferential increase in medullary blood perfusion, which, by wiping out the medullary hyperosmolality, promotes diuresis.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Fecal blood loss caused by two differently microencapsulated acetylsalicylic acid preparations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective crossover study.

In an investigator-blind crossover study, fecal blood loss determined by 51Cr-labelled red cells was measured in 17 male patients with rheumatoid arthritis and one with anchylosing spondylitis. In two periods, each of one week's duration and separated by a 3-week wash-out period, the patients received microencapsulated acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 3 g daily--either iwht time-dependent (Acetard) or with pH-depeendent release (Reumyl). With the exception of one patient, who suffered clinically significant bleeding, both preparations produced only moderate bleeding. The bleeding provoked by ASA with pH-dependent release (median blood loss in ml/day: first period 1.6; last period 2.6) was less than with time-dependent release (first period 1.8; last period 3.5).

Adult↗