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Biomedical subjects

S N Rous

Publications and source records attributed to S N Rous.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Paratesticular multicystic mass of Wolffian, probably paradidymal, origin.

A unilateral multicystic mass in the connective tissue adjacent to the vas deferens in a 46-year-old man is reported. Anatomically, it was distinct from the epididymis and vas and contained no sperm. The epithelial lining was simple, ciliated, and cuboidal to columnar. The cysts were surrounded by connective tissue collars containing smooth muscle. The authors postulate that this lesion represents a cystic hyperplasia of vestigial Wolffian duct remnants, based on its unique histologic features and the exclusion of other plausible explanations. The supraepididymal, paravasal location suggests origin in the paradidymis.

Cysts↗
PubMed1988

The current status of undergraduate urological teaching.

At the request of the Society of University Urologists a survey of urological teaching at 113 United States medical schools was done. The most distressing finding was that more than two-thirds (68 per cent) of the schools do not require any clinical exposure to urology before graduation. In view of the fact that urology is rarely, if ever, taught in any of the primary care disciplines after graduation, it is suggested that patient care may well suffer for this shortcoming in our medical education curriculum.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1985

Evaluation of gross and microscopic hematuria.

In summary, hematuria, either gross or microscopic and with or without any accompanying symptoms, should always alert the clinician to the possibility of serious urologic disease and should virtually always trigger a thorough urologic investigation. This can be done by immediate referral to the urologist, or it can be done by the primary care physician initiating the diagnostic work-up in children by obtaining studies for acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis and in adults by obtaining excretory urograms with physiologic voiding films and also by urine cytologic studies and urine cultures. Appropriate referral to a urologist can then be made for additional studies that might be indicated, such as cystoscopy and cystourethroscopy and for meticulous follow-up of any abnormal findings. The physician who delays or defers a careful investigation into the cause of a given patient's hematuria (gross or microscopic) does the patient a disservice at best and, at worst, may inadvertently permit a significant disease process to become more extensive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Automated erythrocytopheresis for relief of priapism in sickle cell hemoglobinopathies.

Priapism, a complication of male patients with sickle hemoglobinopathies, has been managed by a variety of surgical and nonsurgical forms of therapy that often are unsuccessful. The application of automated erythrocytopheresis (red blood cell exchange) by continuous-flow and semicontinuous-flow procedures appears to offer distinct advantages in the treatment of complications resulting from sickle hemoglobinopathies. The successful application of erythrocytopheresis for the relief of priapism in a patient with hemoglobin SC disease is presented and probably represents the first case reported on the use of automated red blood cell exchange procedures in the treatment of this condition. Data and results of automated erythrocytopheresis in 4 additional patients are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of erythrocytopheresis in the treatment of priapism (and other complications of sickle hemoglobinopathies) are discussed and the method is compared to other modes of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A review of 171 consecutive patients with urinary lithiasis.

During a 3-year interval 171 patients with urinary tract calculi were seen and studied: 98 had kidney, 52 had ureteral and 21 had bladder calculi. In 54 of the 98 patients with kidney stones (55 per cent) abnormal elevations of the blood and/or urine calcium, uric acid or creatinine were noted. Of these 98 patients 54 (55 per cent) were treated with observation only, 42 (43 per cent) were treated surgically (with an operative mortality of 2.4 per cent) and in 2 the renal stones passed spontaneously. Sixty-two per cent of the patients with renal calculi had a history of stones. It is believed that asymptomatic renal stones located in a calix or calices and not associated with infection are best managed nonoperatively. The average age of the 52 patients presenting with ureteral calculi was 12 years younger than that of patients presenting with renal calculi (36 versus 48 years). In 46 per cent of these cases the ureteral calculi ultimately passed spontaneously. Conservative therapy of ureteral calculi with long-term expectant observation (weeks and even months) often is indicated in the obstructed and uninfected patient. Twenty-nine per cent of the patients with ureteral calculi had a history of stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A comparison of cefaclor versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination in the treatment of acute urinary infections.

Acute lower urinary tract infections were treated in 57 women according to a randomized protocol, using either cefaclor, a cephalosporin whose chemical structure is similar to that of cephalexin, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination. Urine cultures were made before treatment was started, midway through the 10-day course of therapy, 1 week after therapy and 4 to 6 weeks after therapy, if possible. Urine cultures in 100 per cent of the patients became sterile during therapy and remained so 1 week after therapy. Of those patients undergoing followup cultures 4 to 6 weeks after therapy 98 per cent had sterile urine. Twenty-nine patients were randomized to cefaclor therapy and 28 received a trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination. There was no difference between the 2 drugs studied in terms of efficacy. No side effects were noted with cefaclor and 2 minor side effects were noted with the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination. Cefaclor in a twice daily dosage schedule appears to be a safe and useful drug in the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by the common gram-negative organisms and it appears to be as efficacious as the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The treatment of urethral stricture disease by internal urethrotomy: a clinical review.

The results of internal urethrotomy with 6 weeks of postoperative catheter drainage and antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of urethral strictures in 28 patients are presented. Satisfactory results were obtained in 68 per cent of the patients. Because of the simplicity of this technique and the good results obtained we believe that internal urethrotomy often is the best initial approach to strictures that become difficult to manage by periodic dilation.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Gallium-67 scanning and conservative treatment in acute inflammatory lesions of the renal cortex.

Three cases of suspected acute suppurative lesions of the renal cortex treated successfully with antimicrobial agents are presented. In support of other reports it appears that selected cases, particularly when diagnosed early, may be managed conservatively without surgical drainage. In those cases of severe sepsis, large intrarenal or perinephric abscesses, resistant organisms or those that are refractory to treatment, surgical intervention may be unavoidable. Gallium-67 nuclear scanning is a safe, non-invasive method of locating rapidly these areas of inflammation and has proved to be a useful tool in earlier diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Cinoxacin in the treatment of acute urinary tract infections: an evaluation of efficacy and a comparison of dosage schedules.

Fifty-one women with acute urinary tract infections have been treated with cinoxacin, a new synthetic compound that is similar chemically and in antimicrobial activity to nalidixic acid. Urine cultures were made before treatment was started, midway through the 7 to 10-day course of therapy, 1 week after therapy and 4 to 6 weeks after therapy, if possible. Pre-treatment , mid-therapy and post-therapy evaluations of renal and liver function along with a complete blood count were done. All patients were believed to have lower urinary tract infections. Urine cultures in 48 of the 51 patients (94 per cent) became sterile during therapy and 47 patients (92 per cent) maintained sterile urine 1 week after therapy. Of those patients undergoing followup cultures 4 to 6 weeks after therapy 72 per cent had sterile urine. No significant hematological, renal, hepatic or gastroenterologic toxicity was noted. Cinoxacin seems to be a safe and useful drug in the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by the common gram-negative organisms and there does not seem to be any difference in efficacy between the dosage schedules tested.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Medical records were reviewed for 17 consecutive patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder. This number represented 6.5 per cent of all patients with bladder cancer seen during the study period. All 4 patients who underwent cystectomy and urinary diversion are well 3 1/2 to 6 1/2 years after treatment. All 13 patients treated with various other modalities are dead, with an average survival from diagnosis to death of 9 months. It is concluded that cystectomy is the treatment of choice for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder that is not already stage D.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗