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Biomedical subjects

S N Sinha

Publications and source records attributed to S N Sinha.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Clinicopathological features of primary gastrointestinal lymphomas: a study of 42 cases.

The clinicopathological features of 42 patients with gastrointestinal lymphoma during the period 1982-88 are described. Ten cases (23.8%) were seen in the stomach, 23 cases (54.8%) in the small intestine and 9 cases (21.4%) in the large intestine. In 4 cases multiple sites were involved. The tumours occurred most frequently in the 2nd to 4th decade. Histologically, using the working formulation for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, all were found to be diffuse and mostly of the high grade type (45%). Seven lymphomas were seen in children. Three were of the Burkitt's type. Patients presented quite late in a large number of cases (43%). Compared with most other published series small intestinal involvement was common. There was a high incidence in males. Predominant small intestinal involvement did not result in malabsorption syndrome and primary lymphomas constituted 3.5% of all malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Trauma patients in an Indian hospital.

The study was carried out at the Emergency Department of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, to ascertain the pattern of trauma in the patients. A total of 2446 trauma cases were recorded in the year 1987. Accidental falls were the commonest cause of injury, i.e 35.7%, followed by motor-vehicle collisions (23.5%), pedal cyclists (8%), occupational injuries (5.2%) and sports injuries (5.2%). The commonest age group involved was 5-15 years which accounted for 32.8% of all trauma. Fractures (44%) were the most frequently observed nature of injury. Death due to trauma was highest in motor-vehicle collisions (31%) followed by accidental falls (16%), and occupational injuries (12%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Anthropometric measurements in rural school children.

Anthropometric measurements of 1012 rural school-going children, selected randomly, were performed. There were 776 males and 236 females in the age group of 5-15 years. The values of weight and height were recorded for every child in the study sample. Age and sex break-up was studied and compared with the ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research) standard. The comparison made separately for boys and girls showed that the values for both sexes and in all age groups were less than the ICMR standard. The majority (83.6%) of the children belonged to the middle and low social class according to the modified Prasad's classification. An inference is, therefore, drawn that rural school children of middle and low socio-economic status are shorter and lighter as compared with even their own counterparts on whom the ICMR values are based. The state of health of school-going children in India is far from satisfactory despite the fact that school health programmes along with other nutritional programmes have been in operation for several decades. School-going children constitute a sizeable section of India's population, i.e. about 27%, which is easily accessible and also receptive. An early and convenient method of assessing nutritional and socio-economic status of growing children is anthropometry. Physical growth, in terms of weight and height, is considered an important parameter reflecting the pattern of growth and development in a community. In the developing countries, the growing children by and large are deprived of good nutrition on account of their poor socio-economic status, ignorance and lack of health promotional facilities. This nutritional deprivation results in relative stunting of growth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Road traffic accident fatalities in Port Moresby: a ten-year survey.

A retrospective analysis for a 10-year period (1976-1985) of Road Traffic Accident (RTA) fatalities was carried out in Port Moresby, the capital of Papua New Guinea. The majority of the victims were males and under the age of 45. Passengers formed the largest number, followed by pedestrians and drivers. Most fatal accidents occurred during the weekend. Analysis of injuries reveal head injury to be the dominant and possible cause of death in all three categories of victims. Multiple injuries involving many organs were more common in pedestrians and passengers than drivers. Factors contributing to the high rate of RTAs are discussed and measures to minimise the rate of such accidents have been suggested.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1989

Responses of small intrapulmonary arteries to vasoactive compounds in the fetal and neonatal lamb: norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin, and potassium chloride.

Despite considerable study, the mechanisms responsible for the transition of the pulmonary circulation from the fetal to newborn life remain obscure. We compared the responses of third and fourth generation pulmonary arteries to norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin, and KCl from lambs 7 d preterm and 1, 7, and 21 d of age to assess differences between age and third and fourth generations of the pulmonary arterial tree during the transitional period. Preterm vessels were significantly smaller in internal diameter than all other aged vessels for both generations. Fourth generation vessel response to KCl increased with age (94 +/- 15 mg/mm2, preterm; 259 +/- 31 mg/mm2, 21 d). Third generation vessel response to KCl did not change with age (135 +/- 15 mg/mm2, preterm; 158 +/- 18 mg/mm2, 21 d). There were no differences in maximum response to norepinephrine and epinephrine between ages; however, third generation vessel response to these compounds was significantly greater (30-60% of maximum KCl response) than fourth generation vessel response (0-10%). Third and fourth generation vessels had the same maximum response to serotonin regardless of age or generation. Third generation vessels were significantly reduced in sensitivity (log molar concentration which produced 50% of the maximum response--EC50) to norepinephrine at d 1 (5.89 +/- 0.12 log molar) and 7 (5.90 +/- 0.21) compared to preterm (6.48 +/- 0.10) and 21 d of age (6.50 +/- .03).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Illness with fatalities in premature infants: association with an intravenous vitamin E preparation, E-Ferol.

Three clusters of an unusual syndrome in premature infants were investigated in three intensive care nurseries in 1984. A retrospective cohort study of 68 infants weighing less than or equal to 1,250 g at birth and surviving at least 72 hours revealed that in 13 infants ascites developed and in four at least two of the following abnormal laboratory values were found within a seven-day period: serum direct bilirubin greater than or equal to 2 mg/dL, blood urea nitrogen greater than or equal to 40 mg/dL or serum creatinine greater than or equal to 2 mg/dL, and platelet count less than or equal to 60,000/microL. All cases occurred after the introduction and use of intravenous E-Ferol, a vitamin E preparation that was new on the market when the clusters were reported. All 17 case infants but only 23 of 51 (45%) noncase infants received E-Ferol (P less than .0001). Case and noncase infants were similar with respect to other complications and to receipt of medications and parenteral nutrition. A dose-response relationship was found; cases occurred in infants receiving E-Ferol dosages of greater than 20 U/kg/d. Case infants who had higher daily doses of E-Ferol had a shorter latency. No new cases were reported after use of E-Ferol was stopped. Results of these investigations led to a nationwide recall of intravenous E-Ferol.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Specific transcription of preformed nucleoprotein complexes, containing the adenovirus major late promoter, with a chromatographic fraction containing RNA polymerase II.

Incubation in a HeLa whole-cell extract converted a plasmid DNA containing the adenovirus type 2 major late promoter into ordered nucleoprotein complexes similar to those described for simian virus DNA [Sinha, S. N., Hellwig, R. J., Allison, D. P. & Niyogi, S. K. (1982) Nucleic Acids Res. 10, 5533-5552]. Purified nucleoprotein complexes containing the plasmid DNA were able to serve as template for accurate transcription in vitro. Use of such nucleoprotein complexes eliminated the need for addition of nontemplate DNA (poly[d(I-C)]) to transcription reaction mixtures with template concentrations too low to yield a detectable specific-transcription signal from "naked" DNA. Of the four fractions resulting from phosphocellulose column chromatography of the whole cell extract, only the fraction that contained the RNA polymerase II activity was needed to accurately transcribe these nucleoprotein complexes in the presence of human placental ribonuclease inhibitor. In contrast, specific transcription of naked template DNA under these conditions required at least one additional fraction containing specificity factors. These results show that the nucleoprotein complexes contain factor(s) needed for specific initiation of transcription and that these complexes may be useful in the purification and analysis of these factors.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1985

Simultaneous anterior and posterior dislocation of the hip joints.

A case of successful treatment of simultaneous anterior and posterior bilateral traumatic dislocation of the hips associated with injuries of iliac and pubic segments of the pelvic ring is reported. The mechanism of this rare injury is thought to have been a simultaneous force from front and rear of the patient while he was seated in an airplane which crashed, with his right hip adducted and his left hip abducted.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1985

Hepatocellular carcinoma--an update.

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest malignant diseases in the world. In this study the association of HBsAg and HCC, together with the role of other aetiological agents, is reviewed. Alfa-foeto-protein continues to be the best marker for early diagnosis of HCC. Surgical resection provides the only chance of cure, but the proportion of patients with resectable tumour is small. The hope for prevention of HCC lies in the use of a vaccine against hepatitis B virus.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1985

Unusual syndrome among premature infants: association with a new intravenous vitamin E product.

Eight small, premature infants developed an unusual symptom complex of pulmonary deterioration, thrombocytopenia, liver failure, ascites, and renal failure. Five infants died; the health of the other three infants improved and they were discharged from the hospital. This unusual syndrome occurred after introduction of a new intravenous vitamin E product (E-Ferol, alpha-tocopherol acetate) for routine use in the intensive care nursery. Even though no definite conclusion was reached as to its cause, the administration of this intravenous vitamin E product appears to be a significant risk factor.

Acute Kidney Injury↗