Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Neff.
Recombinant vectors derived from the broad-host-range mobilizable plasmid pSUP2021 were constructed and transferred by IncP-mediated conjugation from Escherichia coli to Sorangium cellulosum, where they were integrated into the chromosome by homologous recombination and maintained stably. This appears to be the first system of gene transfer to S. cellulosum.
We conducted a detailed MRI study of posterior fossa structures in 13 autistic children, 10 without seizures and three with seizures, and 28 controls, 17 without seizures and 11 with seizures, using computer-assisted planimetry, and measured midsagittal areas of cerebellar vermal lobule group I-V, vermal lobule group VI-VII, the pons, and fourth ventricle height. There were no significant differences between autistic and control subjects in any of the four regions measured, or in the ratio of areas of vermal lobules VI-VII to I-V.
Osteoid osteoma is an uncommon benign tumor of bone that rarely involves the cranium. If often causes local pain that is worse at night, characteristically relieved by aspirin, and does not correlate with the size of the lesion. The diagnosis depends on skull radiographs and computed tomography. This report describes a case in which radiographs showed nothing abnormal. The diagnosis and operative localization were accomplished with radionuclide bone scanning. Thus, the possibility of radiographically cryptic lesions must be considered in the evaluation of atypical head pain syndromes.
Alzheimer's disease is a central nervous system disorder characterized by the presence of neurofibrillary tangles, neuritic plaques and dystrophic neurites in susceptible areas of the brain. Investigation of the mechanism and development of the disease has been hampered by the lack of an animal model and the inaccessibility of neural tissue during the illness. Deficits in odour detection and discrimination are among the signs of Alzheimer's and previous anatomical studies suggest that olfactory pathways may be involved early in the illness. Neurons in the olfactory epithelium, which are of central origin, are relatively accessible for biopsy and could be used as a source of living nerve cells for the study of Alzheimer's disease if they can be shown to have characteristics of this disease. As these neurons have the unusual property of arising from stem cells throughout the life of the organism, they are good candidates for the development of cell cultures or cell lines which may express the disorder from living patients. We report here that nasal epithelium tissue taken at autopsy shows unique pathological changes in morphology, distribution and immunoreactivity of neuronal structures in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
We performed a phase 1-2 antiviral dose escalation trial of rifabutin, a rifamycin antibiotic with anti-HIV-1 activity in vitro. We followed 16 men with AIDS-related complex (ARC) for a mean duration of 29 weeks; the maximum toxicity-limited dose of rifabutin was 2400 mg/day, which was achieved in two patients. There was some evidence of anti-HIV-1 activity in two patients, one of whom had an improvement in immune status, but 11 of the 16 patients showed a deterioration in either virologic or immunologic status. The majority of the patients under study remained clinically stable during the trial, but there was clinical deterioration in the three who entered with CD4 cell counts of less than 100 x 10(6)/l. On the basis of this trial, rifabutin as a single antiviral agent does not appear to be beneficial to ARC patients.
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We compared the Abbott enzyme immunoassay for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen with the reverse transcriptase assay (RTA) as a means of monitoring HIV infection during an antiviral trial. The Abbott enzyme immunoassay detected HIV earlier than RTA whether or not the patients were antigenemic and appears to be superior to RTA for detecting HIV in cultures used for monitoring clinical trials.
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The development of subclinical DIC in a patient with factor IX hemophilia receiving concentrate replacement therapy during surgery is discussed with respect to pertinent laboratory features. Subsequent thromboembolic phenomena are presented in the context of current literature. Of significance is the failure of heparin given with the factor IX concentrate to prevent DIC. The value of adequate laboratory monitoring during therapy is stressed.