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Biomedical subjects

S Nilsson

Publications and source records attributed to S Nilsson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Mechanisms for vitamin A transfer from blood to milk in rhesus monkeys.

In order to study vitamin transport during lactation tritium labeled vitamin A, attached to serum lipoproteins or retinol-binding protein (RBP), was injected intravenously into eight Rhesus monkeys. The turnover rate of vitamin A in plasma and its appearance in milk was quantitatively and qualitatively investigated. The turnover of plasma RBP-retinol, which was somewhat faster in lactating than in non-lactating animals, exceeded that of lipoprotein-vitamin A by a factor of three. Tritium--vitamin A appeared in milk mainly as retinylesters. The fractional rate of transfer was about 60% higher for vitamin bound to RBP than for other forms of plasma vitamin A. Consequently, about 90% of the vitamin A appearing in milk will normally be derived from the retinol-RBP complex. The importance of the lipoprotein-mediated transfer of vitamin A will probably increase during a high intake of the vitamin.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The effect on erection and orgasm of cystectomy, prostatectomy and vesiculectomy for cancer of the bladder: a clinical and electromyographic study.

Forty-three men who had been subjected to cystectomy and concomitant prostatectomy, vesiculectomy and urethrectomy were interviewed about their pre-operative and post-operative sexual activities at a mean of 3 (range 1 to 8) years after operation. Twenty-eight of the 38 men (74%) who had been sexually active continued to have some form of sexual activity, 21 of them achieving orgasm. Only 3 men had penile erection; 2 of them had been subjected to prostatectomy and 1 to prostatic resection. One of these men treated by prostatectomy had also had urethrectomy. Electromyographic registration from the striated external urethral sphincter, the bulbocavernosus muscle and the levator ani muscle showed normal duration of muscular contractions and length of interval between contractions after operation. The pattern of impulses during organs did not differ from that of normal men.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Applied diagnostic techniques: a decisive factor in the long-term T-year survival rate in prostatic carcinoma.

Ii is shown from statistical data reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry that in cases of prostatic carcinoma the long-term T-year survival rate is the final outcome of a complex interplay of multiple factors including diagnostic technology and techniques for staging and grading. Assessment of the value of specific therapy is not possible except in controlled clinical trials. The T-year survival rate per se does not give an accurate estimate of the effect of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Maximum urinary concentration ability in patients with idiopathic hydronephrosis.

The maximum urinary concentration ability and renal parenchymal function of each kidney were investigated in 34 patients with unilateral hydronephrosis. The ability to concentrate urine was not reduced in 10 hydronephrotic and 24 contralateral kidneys. The concentration ability was moderately reduced in 14 hydronephrotic and 10 non-hydronephrotic kidneys and severely impaired in 10 hydronephrotic kidneys. A reduced concentration ability was found almost entirely in hydronephrosis complicated with upper urinary tract infection or renal calculi. Hydronephrotic kidneys without these complications showed a normal concentration ability in 10 of 11 cases. Parenchymal function was reduced in only 10 hydronephrotic kidneys, 7 of which had had upper urinary tract infections and 3 of which had renal stones. It is our opinion that uncomplicated cases of unilateral hydronephrosis should not be operated upon unless necessitated by signs and symptoms. Measurement of the maximum urinary concentration ability might be helpful in setting the correct indication for surgery in borderline cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Improvement of semen and pregnancy rate after ligation and division of the internal spermatic vein: fact or fiction?

Male partners with left-sided varicoceles of 96 infertile couples were studied. Fifty-one patients were submitted to ligation of the testicular veins and 45 individuals were randomised as controls. During an observation period of 53 months (range 36 to 74 months) we found no statiscally significant improvement in the semen crude variables, the morphology or the progressive motility in the series of men submitted to surgery. The pregnancy rate was lower in those who had an excision of varicocelle.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

On the chromaffin system of the African lungfish, Protopterus aethiopicus.

The distribution of chromaffin tissue was studied in the African lungfish using Falck-Hillarp fluorescent histochemistry together with quantitative analysis of catecholamines in plasma and tissue extracts. Intensely fluorescent cells form chromaffin tissue in the wall of the atrium, the wall of the most anterior part of the left cardinal vein and the walls of the segmentally arranged intercostal arteries. The arrangement thus appears to be a combination of the situations in cyclostomes, elasmobranchs and teleosts. Adrenaline is present in larger quantities than noradrenaline in the intercostal arteries and the cardinal vein, while noradrenaline dominates in the atrium. During "stress" induced by physical disturbance of the animals, a strong increase in especially the noradrenaline concentration of the plasma was detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Adrenergic and cholinergic effects on the heart, the lung and the spleen of the African lungfish, Protopterus aethiopicus.

Effects of adrenergic and cholinergic drugs were studied on isolated preparations from the heart, the lung and the spleen of the African lungfish. In addition, a nerve-lung preparation was employed for the study of the autonomic nervous control of the lung. Falck-Hillarp fluorescent histochemistry was used in the search for adrenergic neurons in the sympathetic chain and tissues. The Protopterus lung received a cholinergic excitatory innervation via the pulmonary branches of the vagi. The presence of parasympathetic ganglia in the lung tissue is indicated. Adrenergic drugs, when producing a response, either contracted or relaxed lung strips. Spleen strips were contracted by cholinergic drugs acting on muscarinic receptors and, to a lesser extent, by adrenergic drugs. A strong negative inotropic effect was produced by carcachol on paced atrial but not ventricular strips, while adrenaline increased the contraction force in ventricular but not atrial strips. The sympathetic ganglion cells did not contain enough catecholamines to give off any visible fluorescence, nor was it possible to show any adrenergic nerve terminals in the tissues studied. It is concluded that the adrenergic control in the lungfish is mainly due to circulating catecholamines, rather than adrenergic nerve fibres, since concentrations of catecholamines in protopterus plasma are high enough to affect the spleen, lung and ventricle.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1979

Catecholamine synthesis in the chromaffin tissue of the African lungfish, Protopterus aethiopicus.

The activities of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH, E.C. 1.14.17.1) and phenylethanol-N-methyl transferase (PNMT, E.C.1.1.1.10) were determined in tissue homogenates from the chromaffin tissue containing atrium and intercostal arteries from the African lungfish. Clearly measurable activities of DBH were found in both kinds of tissues, while PNMT activity was ascertained only in the intercostal arteries. The activity of DBH in the atrium indicates a possibility for local synthesis of the large amounts of catecholamines, especially noradrenaline, found in this tissue. Catecholamines synthetized in and released from the chromaffin tissues of Protopterus, may be of great importance for the adrenergic control in this animal in the absence of a well developed sympathetic nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Major injuries in Norwegian football.

All Norwegian football players are insurance covered and most of the severe injuries occurring in Norwegian football are therefore reported to the Norwegian Football Association. Based on these reports a survey of major injuries in Norwegian football in the period 1970-1974 is given. This study has already led to recommendations to the Football Association in order to reduce the number of severe injuries. A more extensive registration form is now used which probably will give more and better information about injuries in Norwegian football in the future.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Transfer of estradiol to human milk.

A radioimmunoassay for the measurement of estradiol in human milk is evaluated. The detection limit was found to be 25 pg. of estradiol per milliliter of milk. In milk samples collected from four lactating women during three to four months and from one pregnant and lactating woman, the concentration of estradiol was found to be below the detection limit of the assay. When six lactating women were given vaginal suppositories containing 50 or 100 mg. of estradiol, it was possible to estimate the estradiol concentration in milk. A ratio of transfer of estradiol from plasma to milk during physiologic conditions is calculated to be less than 100:10.

Estradiol↗