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Biomedical subjects

S Nozaki

Publications and source records attributed to S Nozaki.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Stimulation of the activity and mRNA level of hepatic triacylglycerol lipase by triiodothyronine in HepG2 cells.

We have studied the effects of triiodothyronine (T3) on the production of hepatic triacylglycerol lipase (HTGL) in the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2, by measuring its activity and mRNA levels. The HTGL activity released into the medium by heparin, increased after the addition of T3 in a both time- (27% increase after 24 and 75% increase after 48 h) and dose-dependent manner (maximum activity with over 0.2 micrograms/ml of T3 in the medium). Messenger RNA levels of HTGL in cells incubated with T3 for 24 and 48 h were increased by 33% and 98% compared to those of the control. These results suggest that the production of HTGL may be regulated by thyroid hormone at the level of gene expression.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1992

Polydisperse low-density lipoproteins in hyperalphalipoproteinemic chronic alcohol drinkers in association with marked reduction of cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity.

Long-term heavy alcohol intake is well known to increase serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations. Epidemiologic studies have shown that the protective effect of alcohol intake against coronary heart disease (CHD) is observed in moderate alcohol drinkers, but not in heavy ones. To clarify whether heavy alcohol intake may cause abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism, we analyzed the plasma lipoproteins in eight male chronic heavy alcohol drinkers with marked hyperalphalipoproteinemia. Although their serum HDL cholesterol levels were remarkably high, ranging from 2.67 to 3.58 mmol/L, three patients had CHD and corneal arcus was present in seven patients. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity was reduced in all subjects (7.3% +/- 4.2%/10 microL/18 h in alcohol drinkers v 20.5% +/- 2.4%/10 microL/18 h in control; mean +/- SD, P < .001). The CETP mass levels were also markedly reduced in these subjects. The analysis of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) on nondenaturing polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis revealed that four subjects with severely low CETP activity (< 25% of control) had polydisperse LDLs, similar to those observed in genetic CETP deficiency. The other four subjects with approximately half the normal CETP activity had homogeneous but smaller-sized LDLs, as compared with control subjects. Particle size of HDL was larger than that of normal control HDL in all subjects. After cessation of alcohol intake, plasma HDL cholesterol levels were decreased and LDLs became more homogeneous and normal in size, in parallel with elevation of CETP activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case of pontine hemorrhage showing hemiasomatognosia].

We reported a case of pontine hemorrhage showing hemiasomatognosia. A 74-year-old, right-handed man was admitted to our hospital complaining of numbness of left upper and lower extremities. Neurological examination revealed marked disturbance of superficial and deep sensation of left half of his body without hemiparesis and consciousness disturbance. Neuropsychologically, he had experience of having lost the perception of his left upper limb, which was referred to "conscious hemiasomatognosia" by Frederiks. Brain CT and MRI showed a pontine hematoma involving the right medial lemniscus, the right spinothalamic tract and the right medial longitudinal fasciculus. One week after the onset, hemiasomatognosia disappeared with improvement of sensory disturbance. These indicate that this form of hemiasomatognosia may be associated with transient blockage of somesthetic input.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Alteration of atrial natriuretic peptide in progressive muscular dystrophy with congestive heart failure].

We measured plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in 9 patients of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and 3 patients of Becker muscular dystrophy with congestive heart failure (CHF). Administration of digitalis, catecholamine and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor resulted in decrease of ANP levels as well as improvement of clinical symptoms of CHF and cardiomegaly. Four DMD patients whose ANP levels were more than 200 pg/ml after the treatment of CHF showed poor prognosis. These results suggest that ANP is a useful marker for the treatment of CHF in progressive muscular dystrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Intra-abdominal visceral fat in myotonic dystrophy].

We first clarified the relationship between abdominal visceral fat accumulation and impaired glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with myotonic dystrophy. Nineteen patients aged 44.2 +/- 11.4 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 20.5 +/- 2.8 kg/m2, and 18 controls aged 45.2 +/- 10.3 years, with a BMI 20.0 +/- 2.8 kg/m2 were examined. The distribution of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat was examined by CT scanning at the umbilical level. Visceral fat area was significantly greater in myotonic dystrophy than that in control (p < 0.05), and positively correlated with the levels of fasting plasma glucose (r = 0.65 p < 0.01), plasma glucose area under the curve of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (r = 0.67 p < 0.01), fasting plasma insulin (r = 0.77 p < 0.001), serum total cholesterol (r = 0.71 p < 0.001) and serum triglyceride (r = 0.68 p < 0.01). From the present results, we speculate that excess visceral fat accumulation in myotonic dystrophy induces impaired glucose and lipid metabolism.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1992

Effects of purified eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on plasma lipoproteins in primary hypercholesterolemia.

We investigated the effects of purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ethyl ester capsules (90% purity), which are free from cholesterol, saturated fatty acids and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on plasma lipoproteins and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity. We administered 2.7 g of EPA per day as capsules for 6 months to 14 primary hypercholesterolemic subjects. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels in plasma were significantly reduced. The LDL cholesterol/apoB ratio and LDL particle size did not change. The ratio of high density lipoprotein (HDL)2/HDL3 cholesterol increased from 1.04 to 1.35 (p < 0.05), while the HDL cholesterol level did not change. CETP activity was significantly reduced. The reduction of CETP activity may explain the increase in the HDL2/HDL3 cholesterol ratio. These results suggest that purified EPA not only reduces LDL cholesterol levels but also acts on HDL metabolism in patients with hypercholesterolemia and therefore will be useful for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The clinical significance of thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) and fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products (FDP) levels in ovarian cancer].

We measured the levels of thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) and fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products (FDP) in 115 patients with gynecological malignancies (ovarian cancer 34, cervical cancer 34, endometrial cancer 47). These concentrations were compared to those in control groups of 15 patients with benign ovarian tumor. The levels of TAT and FDP were significantly higher in patients with ovarian cancer compared to the control group (both: p less than 0.01), and these levels were higher than in other gynecological malignancies. In stages I and II the positive rate of TAT and FDP (TAT greater than 3.0 ng/ml, FDP greater than 1.40 microgram/ml) in patients with ovarian cancer was higher than that in other gynecological malignancies. TAT and FDP were increased following cancer dissemination, and the recovery of coagulative and fibrinolytic factors (TAT, FDP) with effective treatment was correlated to the prognosis for patients with ovarian cancer. These levels had no correlation with the levels of CA125 and histological classification in patients with ovarian cancer. Accordingly, these results suggest that these changes in TAT and FDP may be useful, together with other clinical signs, in detecting early stage ovarian cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Keratinocyte cytokines.

It is now clear that keratinocytes produce a wide range of cytokines that can be regarded as important mediators of intercellular communication. A major emphasis has been placed on IL-1 because of its relationships with other cytokines and other differentiated tissues. Dysregulation of IL-1, IL-1 receptor, and inhibitory factors for IL-1 may cause imbalance of skin biology, leading to perpetuation of immune and inflammatory events. Interaction of IL-1 with other cytokines in vivo is also important in the understanding of the pathophysiology of skin diseases. More fundamental questions regarding the homeostatic significance of IL-1 in keratinocytes still remain to be answered.

Colony-Stimulating Factors↗
PubMed1991

A manipulation technique for treatment of anterior disk displacement without reduction.

Anterior disk displacement without reduction, called "closed locking," is a serious stage of the internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint. Many types of conservative and surgical treatments have been applied to this problem. A new manipulation technique to release "closed locking" of the temporomandibular joint and the clinical results on 35 patients are reported in this study. Voluntary maximal mouth opening of the patients were measured as interincisal distance before and after the application of the manipulation technique. The voluntary maximal mouth opening of 14 of 17 patients (82%) who were younger than 30 years was improved to more than 40 mm after the application of the manipulation technique. Contrariwise, the voluntary maximal mouth opening of only 5 of 18 patients (28%) who were older than 30 years was improved to more than 40 mm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Postheparin lipolytic activity and plasma lipoprotein response to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia.

The hypotriglyceridemic action of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids is attributed primarily to reduction in hepatic triglyceride synthesis and reduced secretion of very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs). However, increased catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins was reported and could be due to increased availability of peripheral lipoprotein lipase (LPL) or hepatic lipase (HL). In this study plasma lipoproteins and postheparin activities of LPL and HL were determined in 12 patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia before and during isocaloric substitution of omega-3 fatty acids (10 g/d) for 4 wk. Omega-3 polyunsaturates resulted in 53% and 61% reductions in plasma triglyceride and VLDL-cholesterol concentrations, respectively (P less than 0.0001). However, low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations increased by 26% (P less than 0.001). Activities of postheparin LPL and HL essentially remained the same. Thus, in patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia, reduction in plasma triglyceride concentrations and increase in LDL-cholesterol concentrations mediated by omega-3 polyunsaturates seem to occur without an increase in LPL or HL activities.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Augmentation of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression by ultraviolet irradiation is mediated by interleukin 1 in Pam 212 keratinocytes.

Keratinocytes are a potent source of a variety of cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). In this study, we have shown that ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation augments GM-CSF mRNA expression by murine keratinocytes. This is reflected in the increased production of GM-CSF protein by these cells. In the same cell population, exposure to UVB irradiation increases interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) mRNA and IL-1 protein as detected by bioactivity. This increase in IL-1 alpha precedes the increase of GM-CSF mRNA. Addition of recombinant IL-1 alpha to the medium increases GM-CSF mRNA expression. Anti-IL-1 alpha antibodies can completely inhibit UV-augmented GM-CSF mRNA expression. These results demonstrate that UVB irradiation-induced augmentation of GM-CSF is mediated by UV-induced IL-1 alpha.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Left atrial myxoma metastasizing to the aorta, with intraluminal growth causing renovascular hypertension.

The first case of 'a metastatic intraluminal myxoma of the aorta' is reported. The patient was a 48-year-old man who had already developed metastases to his skin and brain from a left atrial myxoma. Then, his myxoma grew in his leg and intraluminally in the aorta and caused renovascular hypertension. Surgical removal of the tumor could relieve his hypertension, but he finally died 6 months after surgery. The findings at autopsy were described and previous reports on metastasizing left atrial myxomas were also reviewed.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1991

Effect of non-enzymatic glycosylation and heating on browning of human stratum corneum and nail.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of non-enzymatic glycosylation and subsequent heating on the browning of the plantar stratum corneum and the finger-nail, and to elucidate the pathogenesis of the yellow skin and the yellow nail seen in diabetic subjects. We incubated stratum corneum and nail from non-diabetics in 0 (control), 10 (only nail), 20 (only nail), 100 and 250 mM glucose buffer at 37 degrees C for 5 days. These glycosylated samples were dialysed against distilled water for 96 h. Distilled water was changed every 24 h. Then samples were dried for 24 h. The extent of non-enzymatic glycosylation was measured by furosine content. Each 5 mg of sample was hydrolysed by 6 N HCl and processed for measurement of furosine by high-performance liquid chromatography. The rest of each sample was stored at 37, 42 (only nail), 47 and 52 degrees C for 14 days. Browning of the stratum corneum was assessed macroscopically, and that of the nail by spectrophotometry. Based on their spectrophotometric reflectances. Munsell's scores (H = hue score, V = lightness score, C = saturation score) and (H + C)/V were calculated for objective evaluation of browning. Incubation of the stratum corneum and nail with glucose buffer increased their non-enzymatic glycosylation (furosine) dose dependently. Macroscopically, the browning of the stratum corneum was enhanced in proportion to the glucose concentration and storage temperature. However, samples incubated in 10 and 20 mM glucose and stored at 42 degrees C did not show visible browning. Munsell's score of the nail samples treated by glycosylation and heating showed increased hue and saturation but reduced lightness. (H + C)/V values of these nail samples were significantly higher than those of the control. We could not detect any fluorescence with Wood light in the browned samples. The present in vitro study demonstrated that the browning of the stratum corneum and the nail depended on the extent of both non-enzymatic glycosylation and storage temperature. We suggested a hypothesis that the non-enzymatic glycosylation and the storage temperature of the stratum corneum and the nail might be a contributory factor in the development of yellow skin and yellow nail in diabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Influence of lovastatin on concentrations and composition of lipoprotein subfractions.

The effects of lovastatin therapy on concentrations and compositions of lipoproteins were examined in 14 patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. The drug lowered plasma levels of cholesterol in total plasma, very low density + intermediate density lipoproteins (VLDL + IDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) by 25%, 41%, and 41%, respectively. Plasma total apo B was decreased by 35%. Three VLDL subfractions--VLDL-1, VLDL-2, and VLDL-3--of progressively higher density were examined. Lovastatin therapy reduced only the heaviest--VLDL-3. Concentrations of VLDL-1 and VLDL-2 were unchanged. Total VLDL-cholesterol/apo B was reduced significantly. Drug therapy also altered the composition of LDL as shown by decreasing the cholesterol/apo B. Finally, lovastatin significantly raised HDL-cholesterol concentrations. This study showed that lovastatin modifies the composition of the major apo B-containing lipoproteins as well as reducing their concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of primary coronary artery dissection].

Primary coronary artery dissection occurring as a spontaneous event and not associated with trauma due to catheter manipulation is rare. We recently experienced (a case of) a 52-year-old man with primary artery dissection. He was admitted to our hospital with severe chest pain as his chief complaint on September 6, 1988. Electrocardiography and laboratory data showed acute inferior myocardial infarction. He was treated with medication and underwent coronary angiograms on October 3, 1988. Right coronary angiogram revealed an intimal flap and false lumen. But right coronary angiograms 6 months after the onset of myocardial infarction revealed progression of stenosis but no intimal flap, and coronary spasm was not evoked after acetylcholine administration. Primary coronary artery dissection has been reported since Pretty's first description of it in 1931. The majority of earlier cases were diagnosed at autopsy, but recently reports of survivors have been increasing due to the progress in and popularization of coronary angiographic technics. This case is the 46th case of primary coronary dissection found by coronary angiography. So it is not extremely rare. In our case the involved artery was the right coronary artery. In survivors, right coronary artery dissection is more frequent than left, because the area supplied by the right coronary artery is smaller than the area supplied by the left one. Although in our case coronary artery stenosis progressed, after a long term resolution of dissection may occur. There are a few cases in which resolution of dissection occurred naturally.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1989

Glycosylated proteins of skin, nail and hair: application as an index for long-term control of diabetes mellitus.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the degrees of nonenzymatically glycosylated proteins in the skin (stratum corneum), the nail, the hair, and hemoglobin obtained simultaneously from the same subject and to evaluate the most useful sample for management of diabetic complications. Fifty-one diabetic patients and 20 control patients were examined, utilizing furosine determination. Furosine value of the skin in diabetics was 2.14 +/- 1.70%, whereas that in controls was 1.65 +/- 0.47%. Furosine value of the nail in diabetics was 6.67 +/- 3.30%, whereas that in controls was 4.16 +/- 1.62%. Furosine value of the hair in diabetics was 1.30 +/- 1.11%, whereas that in controls was 1.29 +/- 1.71%. Close correlations were detected between HbA1 (glycosylated hemoglobin) and furosine of the nail (r = 0.58, p less than 0.001), HbA1 and furosine of the skin (r = 0.48, p less than 0.001), and HbA1 and furosine of the hair (r = 0.43, p less than 0.01); however, poor correlations were found between furosine of the hair and the skin (r = 0.35, p less than 0.05) and furosine of the nail and the hair (r = 0.33, p less than 0.05). Furosine of the nail was significantly correlated with the FBS (fasting blood sugar) of the same time, previous 6, and previous 12 months. Furosine value of the nail, we believe, is the most useful indicator for evaluating long term control of diabetics and may provide useful information for management of diabetic complications.

Adult↗