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S O Hoffmann

Publications and source records attributed to S O Hoffmann.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Psychoanalytic interpretation of sleep-disturbances. Model of a structural-theoretical classification (author's transl)].

In psychoanalytic literature anxiety, guilt-feelings and unconscious hostility are assumed to be the most common causes of spleeplessness. The author attempts to ascribe these emotions to conflicts between the instances of the psychoanalytic personality model as a structure-theoretical classification of sleep-disturbances. Three large groups emerge: Neurotic disturbances of sleep with internalized conflicts (these correspond essentially to what are generally understood to be neurotic sleep-disturbances), neurotic disturbances of sleep with externalized conflicts (these are more common in childhood) and non-neurotic sleep disturbances. Within these groups the relative parts of effectiveness of the instances of the psychoanalytic personality-model - ego, super-ego, id and reality - are discussed.

Aggression↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychoanalytically oriented group therapy with psychogenic pain patients. A contribution to the treatment method].

Psychoanalytically oriented therapies are widespread in the treatment of chronic pain patients in Germany but there are still few evaluation studies especially for long-term therapies. Derived from the therapy process of a homogenous pain group and its evaluation modifications from the usual psychoanalytical group therapy method necessary for pain patients are outlined.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychosomatic correlations of sympathetic reflex dystrophy (Sudeck's disease). Review of the literature and initial clinical results].

The present state of the art in psychosomatic research on reflex sympathetic dystrophy or Sudeck's atrophy (also known as Sudeck's disease) is reviewed. The survey confirms the impression prevailing with surgeons and orthopaedists that patients suffering from this disease are "psychically peculiar", i.e. they appear strange or odd. Psychometric examinations show that they suffer from enhanced anxiety, are emotionally rather unstable and display a tendency to depressiveness associated with a marked self-esteem rating problem complex. Basing upon these criteria the occurrence of reflex sympathetic dystrophy in the postoperative course of patients with Dupuytren's contracture could be correctly predicted in 43 of 47 patients, the remaining 4 patients being forecast with a false-positive prediction (Zachariae 1964). Studies on Children with reflex sympathetic dystrophy likewise confirmed these characteristic features. In a study of our own we examined in 12 patients their biographical development as well as life events that had happened 6 months before onset of the disease. We obtained a surprisingly uniform result: In all patients we found that at least one or in most cases several severely stressful life events had occurred; all patients had been suffering from chronic headache and/or pain in the lumbar vertebral column for many years; and all of them had shown signs in the course of their development in childhood and adolescence that have been described by Engel as "pain proneness". Over and above this, the anamnesis of most patients revealed other psychogenic and psychosomatic diseases or signs and symptoms. The case reports of all the 12 patients served as basis for initial approaches to a psychosomatic disease concept of reflex sympathetic dystrophy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Personality markers, defense behavior and illness concept in patients with primary fibromyalgia].

Recent studies indicate the relevance of psychological factors in the pathogenesis of primary fibromyalgia, although the results sometimes differ. Most of the studies investigated personality features and depression. Beyond these our study investigates defense mechanisms and illness behavior in primary fibromyalgia comparing them with those of psychogenic pain patients and with controls. All patients (fibromyalgia n = 47, psychogenic pain n = 63, controls n = 84) completed German adaptations of the Defense Mechanisms Inventory (DMI) and the Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) and the "Questionnaire of Psychosomatic Disease-Patterns" (FAPK). The two chronic pain groups show a high conformity: Reduced relation to reality, emotional vacancy in relationships, aggression restraint are the predominant personality features. Immature defense mechanisms and abnormal illness behavior are predominant. Somatic pain and its hypochondrical pursuit substitute the tackling of seemingly unsolvable life problems. Conclusions for the management of fibromyalgia patients are outlined.

Aggression↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The significance of social factors in the genesis of psychic substructures. Suggestion on the schematic description of internalization in psychoanalytic theory].

In the conceptformation concerning the genesis of mental substructures, classic Psychoanalysis has much more stressed instinctual conflict conditions than psychosocial ones. The authors present a schematizing attempt which permits a description of the structure forming part of psychological processes following the internalization of social offers. A distinct disproportion of the modes of internalization is presumed for the social low and lower middle class. A normative, a final, a cognitive, a selfimage related, and an operational mode of psychosocial internalization are proposed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of a model of operational psychodynamic diagnosis].

Since 1992 a working group called "Operationalized Psychodynamic diagnoses" conceptualized a model of operationalized psychodynamic diagnosis in Germany. This model includes the most important diagnostic dimensions from psychodynamic view which are: Axis I: Experience with illness and treatment preconditions. Axis II: Habituated relationships of the patient, Axis III: Intrapsychic conflicts of the patient, Axis IV: the structure of personality development of the patient, Axis V: The level of symptoms or syndromes. This axis is adapted to ICD-10. The development of these axis is done in special subgroups during 1992 and 1994 and in first empirical studies the reliability and other test-related dimensions of the model were proved. In this paper the essentials of the diagnostic model are shown and further developments are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Inpatient psychotherapy with chronic psychogenic pain patients].

The efficacy of inpatient psychosomatic psychotherapy was proved by a naturalistic prospective study with 50 psychogenic pain patients over an average time period of 12 weeks. At the end of inpatient psychotherapy about 60% of all patients achieved pain mitigation. According to the aim of our therapeutic concept to specially improve the perception and verbalization of their own conflicts or affects about 86% of all patients judged to have an enhanced competence in problem solving. The hypothesis that depression may often occur as a consequence of several years lasting chronic pain, could not be confirmed in our study. In contrast no remarkable correlation was found between symptom duration and depressive or anxious mood respectively. Concerning prognosis it seems to be significant that an increased tendency for rationalization or intellectualization diminished clinical outcome success as well as it occurred with enhanced acute pain sensation.

Adult↗