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S Ogino

Publications and source records attributed to S Ogino.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Transcranial magnetic stimulation over the cerebellum evokes late potential in the soleus muscle.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with a double cone coil placed over the left lateral side of the basal occiput was able to elicit late electromyographic (EMG) responses at the bilateral soleus muscles (SOL) averaged over 30 stimulation events, with a mean latency of approximately 100 ms. These EMG responses were detected using a low frequency bandpass filter with 0.05 Hz magnetic stimulation on ten healthy subjects in standing posture. As magnetic stimulation over the left basal occiput with a double cone coil can stimulate cerebellar structure, this late response seems to be conducted from the cerebellar structure to the SOL via an as yet unknown descending pathway. Here, we report new late EMG responses in relation to cerebellum or cerebellum related structures.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Widespread distribution of the bacteriocin-producing lactic acid cocci in Miso-paste products.

AIMS: A survey was conducted on the ecological distribution of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria in Miso-pastes, a typical fermented food in Japan. METHODS AND RESULTS Nine Miso-pastes were sampled for isolation of bacteriocin-producers. Almost all isolated enterococcal strains produced bacteriocins but no isolated tetragenococci did so. The bacteriocin-producing isolates were divided into nine groups by phenotypic tests. As the phenotypic characters were highly diverse, these strains could not be identified to species level on the basis of their phenotypes. The nine representative strains from each group were identified by 16S rRNA analysis. These bacteriocin-producers with one exception (Lactococcus sp.) were identified as strains of the Enterococcus faecium 'species group'. The bacteriocins of the nine strains were classified into five types according to their antibacterial spectral patterns and their SDS-PAGE profiles. The bacteriocins inhibited undesirable bacteria in Miso-pastes, such as Bacillus subtilis, but did not inhibit the useful Tetragenococcus halophila. CONCLUSIONS: The bacteriocin-producing lactic acid cocci were widespread at high frequencies in Miso-pastes. They were considered to play an important role in preventing the growth of undesirable bacteria. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study suggests that bacteriocin-producers act effectively as safe biopreservatives and may contribute to the biopreservation in Miso-pastes.

Bacteriocins↗
PubMed2001

Heteroduplex formation in SMN gene dosage analysis.

Most spinal muscular atrophy patients lack both copies of SMN1 exon 7 and most carriers have only one copy of SMN1 exon 7. We investigated the effect of SMN1/SMN2 heteroduplex formation on SMN gene dosage analysis, which is an assay to determine copy number of SMN1 exon 7 that utilizes multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with DraI digestion to differentiate SMN1 from SMN2. Heteroduplex formation in PCR is a well-described phenomenon. In addition to demonstrating the presence of heteroduplexes by sequence analysis of purified SMN1 bands, we compared the SMN1 signals in various genotype groups (total n = 260) to those in a group lacking SMN2 (n = 13), and we estimated the relative amounts of SMN1/SMN2 heteroduplexes. The SMN1 signal increased as SMN2 copy number increased despite a constant SMN1 copy number, although not all pairwise comparisons showed a statistically significant difference in the SMN1 signal. In conclusion, SMN1/SMN2 heteroduplexes form in SMN gene dosage analysis, falsely increasing the SMN1 signal. External controls for SMN gene dosage analysis should be chosen carefully with regard to SMN2 copy number. The effect of heteroduplex formation should be considered when performing quantitative multiplex PCR.

Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein↗
PubMed2001

[Quality of life in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis: using the Japanese version of the SF-36 Health Status Questionnaire].

Perennial allergic rhinitis may impair daily activities. However it isn't known how it affects a patient's self-perceived health status. In present study, QOL was measured by MOS Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) for assessment of useful information for individualization of care. 252 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis who visited 14 hospitals and clinics from June to August 1999 were questioned, and 249 patients were engaged in this study as subjects. Each patient's background was investigated, and the factors which influenced HRQOL score were identified. In addition, comparisons with healthy subjects and subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis were performed. It was shown that age, gender, and the number of comorbid conditions were significant contributions to HRQOL score. It was considered that nasal obstruction had a strong influence on SF-36 score compared to other symptoms of nasal allergy. In general, QOL scores were significantly depressed in the patients with perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis compared with healthy subjects. The difference of scores between perennial allergic rhinitis were not significant, although the patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis showed low scores compare with perennial allergic rhinitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Aging effects upon smooth pursuit induced by step-ramp stimulation.

OBJECTIVE: in predictable target movements, pursuit gains are extremely close to 1.0. Under these conditions, aging effects upon pursuit have not been detected. Step-ramp stimuli produced by unpredictable combinations would be favorable procedures to assess the properties of smooth pursuit between young and aged people. METHODS: the target was a 0.5 degrees red laser spot. Eye movements of 49 normal subjects (26 younger subjects less than 49 years old and 23 older subjects more than 50 years old) were recorded with infrared reflection oculography and sampled at 250 Hz. Step direction and distance (2, 4, 6, 8 degrees) followed by 10 degrees /s ramp speed movement in the same (onward stimulus) or opposite to the direction (backward stimulus) were programmed in an unpredictable way before each set of ten tests. Both onward and backward stimulation were randomly given for each subject. RESULTS: in the onward study, there was a close correlation between retinal slip velocity (RSV) and eye acceleration (EA), which was expressed as a regression curve, being steeper in the younger group. This means that the younger subjects could produce faster velocity and greater acceleration than the aged group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: subtle reduction in visual acuity, visual fields and contrast sensitivity will be one of possible causes, and the degradation of cortical areas crucial for visual processing might be one of possible causes of slowing of pursuit EA.

Acceleration↗
PubMed2000

Thymohemangiolipoma, a rare histologic variant of thymolipoma: a case report and review of the literature.

We report a case of a thymic neoplasm in an 18-year-old woman who presented with chest discomfort and an anterior mediastinal mass. The surgically resected tumor showed abundant adipose tissue admixed with thymic tissue and numerous medium-caliber blood vessels. We consider this tumor a rare variant of thymolipoma and designate it as thymohemangiolipoma. Because of its benign nature, it should be distinguished from other mediastinal lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Villous capillary lesions of the placenta: distinctions between chorangioma, chorangiomatosis, and chorangiosis.

Chorangioma (CA), chorangiosis (CH), and chorangiomatosis (CM) are incompletely understood and overlapping villous capillary (VC) lesions believed by some to be related to hypoxia. In this study, we reviewed all cases of CA (n = 36, 0.51%) and CM (n = 39, 0.55%) diagnosed in 7,062 placentas examined at our institution between 1990 and 1999. CH was evaluated in a subsample of 689 cases (n = 46, 6.67%). Controls were derived from cases in the subsample (n = 639) without any VC lesions. Most CA were incidental findings measuring less than 0.5 cm. Nodular and multinodular morphologic variants were otherwise similar. CA were most frequently located under the chorionic plate and at the placental margins and occasionally showed nonspecific trophoblast hyperplasia (Ki-67-positive) similar to that seen in partial moles. CA and CM shared associations with preeclampia, multiple gestation, and premature delivery at 32 to 26 weeks and had a significant co-occurrence rate. Cases of CM were separated into focal, segmental, and diffuse multifocal subgroups. Diffuse multifocal CM (n = 16) showed associations with extreme prematurity (<32 weeks), congenital malformations, IUGR, delayed villous maturation, avascular villi, and placentomegaly, which were not seen in the other 2 localized subgroups. CH lacked the associations noted for CA and CM, was not increased in placentas with CA or CM, and was most frequent at greater than 37 weeks. CH was positively associated with maternal diabetes, placentomegaly, delayed villous maturation, and chronic villitis. Finally, CH lacked the continuous perivascular layer of muscle-specific actin (MSA)-positive pericytes and the multifibrillar lattice-like reticulin pattern seen in both CA and CM. In conclusion, CA and localized CM are clinically and morphologically similar lesions distinct from CH. Diffuse multifocal CM is morphologically similar to CA and localized CM, but has a distinct clinicopathologic profile.

Capillaries↗
PubMed2000

Malignant rhabdoid tumor: A phenotype? An entity?--A controversy revisited.

The term malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) has been used to describe a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, having in common distinct so-called "rhabdoid" cytologic features. The recent discovery of a candidate tumor suppressor gene for MRT, INI1 on chromosome (Ch)22q11.2, has re-established this neoplasm as a distinct entity. Malignant rhabdoid tumor may arise either de novo from nonneoplastic cells or through tumor progression from other types of neoplasms. These latter tumors, in which other nonrhabdoid tumor components are identified, may be termed composite MRT. In order to avoid misdiagnosing MRT as other types of neoplasia, one must keep in mind three distinct clinicopathologic features--young age of onset, variable histologic and immunohistochemical patterns, and an aggressive infiltrative character. In difficult cases, cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and molecular genetic analysis may assist in diagnosing MRT.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

[Histopathological study of the temporal bones in patients with primary carcinomas of the ear].

The most common symptoms of patients with carcinomas of the middle ear or mastoid are otorrhea, facial paralysis, and hearing loss, including a sensorineural element and vertigo. The latter two symptoms are indicators of inner ear damage. However, few reports have been made concerning the histopathological changes that occur in the inner ear in the presence of a tumor. The present study was performed to determine the pattern of tumor invasion in the inner ear and the histopathological changes that occur in the inner ear in cases of ear carcinomas. Temporal bone sections from five patients (age: #39-73 years; 3 males and 2 females) who died from a primary carcinoma of the ear were studied histologically. The following features were examined: 1) localization of the tumor in the temporal bone, 2) pattern of tumor invasion in the inner ear, 3) pathological changes in the inner ear, including the cochlea, vestibule and semicircular canals. Tumor cells were still present in the temporal bone sections of all the patients except one, even though the patients had received various treatments for the carcinoma, including radiation therapy, surgery and chemotherapy. Marked inflammatory and necrotic changes were observed in cases where the tumor had invaded the external auditory canal, middle ear cleft, internal auditory canal, and in some cases the inner ear. In cases where the tumor invaded the inner ear via the internal auditory canal rather than directly from the middle ear, the otic capsule is thought to have acted as a barrier against tumor invasion. In addition, marked degenerative changes throughout the entire inner ear structures were noted. These changes may have arisen from an attenuated blood supply to the inner ear as a result of pressure from the tumor in the internal auditory canal, tumor infiltration of the labyrinthine artery.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Creating language model of the forensic medicine domain for developing a autopsy recording system by automatic speech recognition].

For the purpose of practical use of speech recognition technology for recording of forensic autopsy, a language model of the speech recording system, specialized for the forensic autopsy, was developed. The language model for the forensic autopsy by applying 3-gram model was created, and an acoustic model for Japanese speech recognition by Hidden Markov Model in addition to the above were utilized to customize the speech recognition engine for forensic autopsy. A forensic vocabulary set of over 10,000 words was compiled and some 300,000 sentence patterns were made to create the forensic language model, then properly mixing with a general language model to attain high exactitude. When tried by dictating autopsy findings, this speech recognition system was proved to be about 95% of recognition rate that seems to have reached to the practical usability in view of speech recognition software, though there remains rooms for improving its hardware and application-layer software.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1999

Effects of PAF on histamine H1 receptor mRNA expression in rat trigeminal ganglia.

The application of platelet-activating factor (PAF) to the nasal mucosa of humans has been shown to increase histamine-induced hyper-reactivity. To test the hypothesis that PAF acts by increasing the reactivity of sensory nerve endings in the nasal mucosa to histamine, we examined PAF-stimulated rat trigeminal nerve ganglion cells. We found that relatively low concentrations of PAF (10(-12)-10(-9) M) induced increased histamine H1 receptor mRNA expression. This increase appeared as early as 1 h after PAF stimulation, peaked at 4 h, and disappeared after 24 h. The PAF receptor antagonist WEB2086 inhibited the increased expression of histamine H1 receptor mRNA induced by PAF, suggesting that the effects of PAF are mediated by specific receptors. This PAF effect was abolished by actinomycin D, suggesting that PAF induces de novo transcription of histamine H1 and/or PAF receptor mRNA. PAF may be important in the hyper-responsiveness of nasal mucosa exposed to histamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Topical treatment of nasal polyps with a beclomethasone dipropionate powder preparation.

The clinical efficacy of a topical preparation consisting of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) powder and a mucous membrane adhesive agent (hydroxypropylcellulose, HPC) for nasal polyps was examined. For 1 week, in 31 patients with bilateral nasal polyposis, the clinical efficacy of the topical BDP-HPC powder treatment was examined. The effect of this treatment on the histology of the nasal polyps was also investigated. The controls were six patients with bilateral nasal polyposis, who underwent identical surgery without prior use of the topical steroid therapy. Polyp shrinkage and improvement of some nasal symptoms (rhinorrhea, ease of noseblowing, and nasal blockage) were observed with the topical treatment. Significant clinical improvement (P < 0.05) was seen in the group treated with topical BDP HPC powder compared with the untreated control group. Histological examination of the excised nasal polyps in both groups demonstrated no clear differences attributable to BDP HPC powder. The topical treatment of nasal polyps with BDP HPC powder is a useful conservative therapy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1999

Immunohistochemical study of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) in choroid plexus papilloma.

Insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II), a mitogen for various kinds of cells, has been shown to be secreted from the choroid plexus in animals. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2), one of the six carrier proteins for IGFs, is also thought to be released from the choroid plexus, bind to IGF-II in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and modulate the action of this growth factor. Little is known about the expression and localization of these substances in human choroid plexus and choroid plexus papillomas. The present immunohistochemical study demonstrated all six choroid plexus papillomas were positive for IGF-II, whereas normal choroid plexuses were negative for IGF-II. On the other hand, IGFBP-2 was positive in the endothelium and vascular media in the normal choroid plexus, while it was weakly positive in four and negative in two out of six choroid plexus papillomas. These results suggest that the alterations in the IGF-II/IGFBP-2 axis might be involved in the tumorigenesis of choroid plexus papilloma.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

Identification of protein kinase C phosphorylation sites involved in phorbol ester-induced desensitization of the histamine H1 receptor.

The histamine H1 receptor (H1R)-mediated signaling cascade is inhibited by phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) activation. Cloning studies of the H1Rs have shown that several potential PKC phosphorylation sites are located in the third intracellular loop of H1R. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of PKC-mediated desensitization, we identified amino acid residues that are involved in the desensitization of the H1R. Two amino acid residues (Ser396, Ser398) were determined to be PKC phosphorylation sites by in vitro phosphorylation studies using a series of synthetic peptides. Treatment with phorbol ester decreased histamine-induced accumulation of inositol phosphates in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing the H1R with a rightward shift in the EC50 value, which implies the uncoupling of the receptor from the G protein. Site-directed mutagenesis studies showed that substitution of alanine for Ser398 but not for Ser396 markedly attenuated the effect of phorbol ester, which suggests that the Ser398 residue was primarily involved in PKC-mediated desensitization.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the CNS: cytopathology and immunohistochemistry of insulin-like growth factor-II, insulin-like growth factor receptor type 1, cathepsin D, and Ki-67.

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II is a potent growth factor, normally controlled by a number of other factors, including IGF binding proteins and IGF binding protein proteases. In general, the latter increase the bioavailability of IGF by cleaving IGF binding proteins. Cathepsin D (an IGF binding protein protease) was also implicated in tumor invasion. Although IGF-II was implicated in the pathogeneses of various childhood neoplasms, its significance in the pathogenesis of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system (ATRT-CNS) was not studied to date. We present clinicopathologic features of two cases of ATRT-CNS. In addition, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained immunohistochemically for IGF-II, IGF receptor type 1, cathepsin D, and Ki-67. Both tumors demonstrated diffuse strong cytoplasmic positivity for IGF-II, diffuse cytoplasmic and focal membranous positivity for IGF receptor type I, and diffuse cytoplasmic positivity for cathepsin D. The Ki-67 labeling indices were 10.0% and 1.4%. We conclude that ATRT-CNS cells express both IGF-II and IGF receptor type 1, supporting the hypothesis that autocrine/paracrine stimulation of cell growth by IGF-II might be one mechanism involved in ATRT-CNS tumorigenesis. Cathepsin D expressed by the tumor cells might also be involved in both tumor cell invasion and growth. The exact pathogenesis of ATRT-CNS remains to be elucidated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[An electron microscopic study of the glomerular alterations of pure-preeclampsia].

Ultrastructural glomerular lesions of preeclampsia were studied by electron microscopy in 39 biopsy specimens from 36 patients. Postpartum biopsy obtained on day 0 revealed marked narrowing of the capillary lumen due to endothelial cell swelling, massive subendothelial and mesangial deposits containing lipids and fibrillar fibrins, monocyte invasion in the mesangium, and rupture and duplication of the glomerular capillary wall. Duplication of the glomerular capillary wall generally consisted of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and a newly formed mesangial matrix associated with mesangial interposition. However, it was occasionally seen as the GBM and a newly formed basement membrane-like material attached to the GBM side of the endothelial cell membrane without interposing mesangial cells. Podocytes contained many protein resorption droplets in which albumin, immunoglobulins, complements and fibrinogen were observed by immunoelectron microscopy. The massive mesangial and subendothelial deposits were reduced in volume 2 weeks after delivery, and endothelial swelling decreased 3 weeks after delivery. Widening of the subendothelial space of the GBM was still apparent 5 weeks after delivery, although no deposits were observed. By 8 weeks, this widening was not evident. Foam cells and an increase in the mesangial matrix were noted 2-6 weeks and 5-8 weeks after delivery, respectively. Focal glomerular sclerosis lesions were detected in 17 cases. This lesion may have resulted from massive subendothelial and mesangial deposits, rupture of the GBM or epithelial detachment.

Adult↗